Iheringia Two new Japanagromyza Sasakawa ( Diptera : Agromyzidae ) from Brazil

Japanagromyza Sasakawa, 1958 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) is poorly known from Brazil, with only three species recorded. This contribution increases the knowledge of the genus in Brazil, where two new species are described and illustrations of male and female adults and terminalia are presented. The material was collected in states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Rondônia and is deposited in the collections of Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo and Museu Nacional, Universidade federal do Rio de Janeiro.

The genus was originally described from Japan (Sasakawa, 1958) and is traditionally considered to be close to Melanagromyza Hendel, 1920 andAgromyza Fallén, 1810 by similarities in external structures (Sasakawa, 1961(Sasakawa, , 2010)).A phylogenetic study made by Scheffer et al. (2007) where each of these genera were represented by one species, positioned Japanagromyza close to the other two.More species should be included in further analyzes to reveal a better understanding about the genus (Lonsdale, 2013).According to Dempewolf (2004), Japanagromyza is a sister group of the tribe Ophiomyiini (that includes Ophiomyia Braschnicov, 1897, Hexomyza Enderlein, 1936, Tropicomyia Spencer, 1973, Kleinschmidtimyia Spencer, 1986and Melanagromyza Hendel, 1920) based in the following characters: surstylus elongated, form of the phallus, cleaning comb on hind tibia and posterior spiracles of larvae.This comb of setae before the end of the hind tibiae was also noted by Tschirnhaus (1991) in Japanagromyza and Liriomyza Mik, 1894.
In the present paper two new species from the Amazonian Rain forest, "Cerrado" and "Pantanal" biomes from Brazil are described.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The specimens were collected in states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Rondônia (Brazil), where expeditions were made during the "SISBIOTA Diptera" project.This project had the purpose to characterize and mapping the diversity of the Diptera in unexplored areas of Brazil.The specimens were captured using Malaise traps and were preserved in alcohol 98%, moved to the laboratory where they were mounted in entomological pins.All material was deposited at the collections of Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP) and Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ).
Male and female terminalia were clarified in KOH 10% for 48 hours, immerse in glycerin on blades for analysis under optical microscope and drawn using a camera lucida and after the study were stored in microvials.Digital images of the adults were made using a Leica MZ16 stereomicroscope and the software AutoMontage Pro by Syncroscopy, version 5.03.0061.The species identification was based in Boucher (2010) and Sousa & Couri (2014) keys.The terminology followed Cumming & Wood (2009).Etymology.The specific epithet refers to the presence of a sclerotized arc before the apex of the distiphallus.
Color.Frons mat black, slightly reddish brown on basal half; the basal reddish brown occupies about 1/3 of the frons; fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle shining black; upper shining dark orbit touching the outer vertical and inner vertical setae; lunule and face grey yellowish; clypeus slightly shiny brownish yellow; gena orange; antenna entirely brownish yellow; arista brown; palpus brown, with black setae apically; proboscis yellow; labellum yellow, with yellow setae; scutum and scutellum shining dark brown; postpronotum light yellow, with a median brown spot; notopleuron light yellow; anepimeron, anepisternum, katepimeron, katepisternum and meron dark brown; suture between anepisternum and anepimeron light yellow; haltere entirely pale yellow; calypter pale yellow, with margin and fringe black; wing clear, light yellow at base; legs yellow, except tip of mid and hind coxae, mid and hind tibiae and tarsi brown; pulvilli yellow; tergites 1+2 entirely yellow, tergite 3 yellow with a brown spot centrally, tergite 4 yellow with a brown spot centrally and two spot laterally, tergite 5, tergite 6 and terminalia entirely brown.
Head.Frons slightly visible above the eye margin in lateral profile; 2 reclinate ori and 2 reclinate ors, both very strong, the ori a little smaller; interfrontal hairs absent; orbital setulae erect in one row; eye bare; facial kell not differentiated; eye height/parafacialia+gena: 4; ocellar triangle long, reaching the second ori insertion level; ocellar setae long, parallel and directed forward; inner vertical setae long and strong; outer vertical setae strong and outwards directed; lunule high and straight, about 20% of frons length; clypeus narrow; epistoma high 0.03 mm; first flagellomere rounded and finely pubescent; arista long, finely pubescent, almost the same length of the vertical height of eye; vibrissa long and strong measuring 2/3 of the aristal length; one row of long and strong peristomals.
Wing.Subcostal vein joining R 1 before reaching Costal and the distal margin of R 1 sinuous nearer junction; Costal extending to M 1 ; wing tip near to R 4+5 ; Costal sections 2-4: 0.66: 0.13: 0.2 ; R 4+5 straight and M 1 slightly recurved; ultimate section of CuA 1 0.7 the length of basal section; r-m at midpoint of dm.
Legs.Fore tibia without posterodorsal seta, with one ventral apical seta; mid tibia with two posterodorsal setae on middle third and one apical ventral seta.
Distribution.States of Rondônia and Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil).
Etymology.The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Chapada dos Guimarães, where the holotype was collected.
Color.Frons mat black weakly shining, with basal half orange; fronto-orbital plate weakly shining black; upper shiny dark orbit touching the outer vertical and inner vertical setae; ocellar triangle black, greyish pollinose; lunule grey; face greyish brown; clypeus black subshining; gena dark brown; scape and pedicel light yellow; first flagellomere brown with some orange areas; arista brown; palpus yellow, with black setae apically; proboscis yellow; labellum yellow, with yellow setae; scutum and scutellum shining dark brown; postpronotum and all pleurae dark brown; suture between anepisternum and anepimeron light yellow; haltere entirely light yellow; calypters yellow, with margin and fringe black; wing clear, light yellow at base; legs yellow, mid and hind tibia and tarsi brown; pulvilli yellow; tergites 1+2 entirely yellow, tergite 3 yellow with a brown spot centrally, tergites 4-6 and terminalia entirely brown.
Head.Frons slightly visible above the eye margin in lateral profile; 2 reclinate ors and 2 inclinate ori, similar in size; interfrontal hair absent; orbital setulae slightly reclinate in one row; facial keel undifferentiated; eye height/ gena+parafacialia: 4; ocellar triangle long, endind before the second ori insertion level; lunule high and straight, about 15% of frons length; clypeus rounded; epistoma not visible; first flagellomere slightly long and finely pubescent; arista long, plumose, almost the same length of the vertical height of eye; vibrissa short, measuring about 1/3 the aristal length; one row of fine peristomals.
Wing.Subcostal vein joining R 1 before reaching the Costal and the distal margin of R 1 sinuous nearer at junction; wing tip nearer to R 4+5 ; Costal sections 2-4 in proportion: 0.5:0.33:0.16;R 4+5 and M 1 slightly recurved; ultimate section of CuA 1 0.75 the length of basal section; r-m basal to midpoint of dm.
Legs.Fore tibia without posterodorsal seta; mid tibia with two posterodorsal setae on middle third.
Male terminalia.Epandrium rounded with long setae; cercus long with long setae; surstylus long with about 44 strong spines; hypandrium long and Y-shaped; phallapodeme almost the same size length of the hypandrium; mesophallus sclerotized; distiphallus long, enlarged at base and bifurcated (Figs 10,11); ejaculatory apodeme very large, at its larger part about 4.9 times wider than the constricted area at base (Fig. 12).
Remarks.This new species morphologically resembles J. arcuaria sp.nov. in wing length and color of the body, but can be differentiated by the grey lunule, face greyish brown, gena dark brown, scape and pedicel light yellow and first flagellomere brown with some orange areas.Besides, the male terminalia has the surstylus long with about 44 strong spines, hypandrium long and Y-shaped, distiphallus long, enlarged at base and bifurcated and ejaculatory apodeme very large.