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A new species of rake-legged mite Neocaeculus (Acari, Caeculidae) from Brazilian semiarid and new data on distribution of Andocaeculus caioi

Uma nova espécie de ácaro perna-de-ancinho Neocaeculus (Acari, Caeculidae) do semiárido brasileiro e novos dados de ocorrência de Andocaeculus caioi

ABSTRACT

A new caeculid species Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov. from the semiarid is described from the National Park Sete Cidades located in the state of Piauí, Brazil. The species is included in Neocaeculus Coineau, 1967 due the presence of different sized claws on leg I, absence of bothridia in the tarsi of anterior legs and the aspidosomal sclerite not overhanging the gnathosoma in lateral view. New data on distribution of Andocaeculus caioi Ott & Ott, 2014 is presented.

KEYWORDS
Neotropical; South America; taxonomy

RESUMO

Uma nova espécie de ceculídeo, Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov. do semiárido é descrita do Parque Nacional Sete Cidades no Estado do Piauí. A espécie é incluída em Neocaeculus Coineau, 1967 pela presença de unhas de diferentes tamanhos no tarso da perna I, pela ausência de botrídios nos tarsos das pernas anteriores e pelo escudo aspidossomal não sobressaindo anteriormente ao gnatossoma em vista lateral. Novos dados de ocorrência de Andocaeculus caioi Ott & Ott, 2014 são apresentados.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE
Neotropical; América do Sul; taxonomia

Recently Ott & Ott (2014Ott, A. P. & Ott, R. 2014. A new species of Andocaeculus (Acari, Caeculidae) from the Pampa biome, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 104(3):355-363.) described Andocaeculus caioi, the first rake-legged mite species registered to Brazil. In this way the authors enhanced the number of caeculid species described to South America to six including the above cited one and five additional ones described at least a half century ago: Andocaeculus brundini (Franz, 1962), Neocaeculus bruchi (Berlese, 1916Berlese A. 1916. Centuria terza di Acari nuovi. Redia 12:289-338.), Microcaeculus weyrauchi Franz, 1964 from Argentina; M. castrii Franz, 1964 and M. nudus Franz, 1964 from Chile.

Neocaeculus was proposed by Coineau (1967Coineau, Y. 1967. Contribuition à l’étude des Caeculidae, Troisième série. Développment postlarvaire de Neocaeculus luxtoni n. gen., n. sp. Acarologia 9(1):55-75.) to include N. luxtoni Coineau, 1967 from New Zealand. Since that the genus accounts ten species, nine from the Australian Region which has been originally described into this genus (Coineau, 1967Coineau, Y. 1967. Contribuition à l’étude des Caeculidae, Troisième série. Développment postlarvaire de Neocaeculus luxtoni n. gen., n. sp. Acarologia 9(1):55-75.; 1974aCoineau, Y. 1974a. Éléments pour une monographie morphologique, écologique et biologique des Caeculidae (Acariens). Mémoires du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Série A, Zoologie 81:1-299.,bCoineau, Y. 1974b. Contribution à l’étude des Caeculidae. Neuvième partie. Deux nouvelles espèces de Caeculidae de la région Australienne Neocaeculus johnstoni n. sp. et N. womersleyi n. sp. Vie et Milieu 24(1):65-86.; Coineau & Ens, 1969Coineau, Y. & Enns, W. R. 1969. Contribuition a l’étude des Caeculidae. 8e série. Deux nouvelles espèces d’Australie: Neocaeculus knoepffleri n. sp.; N. bornemisszai n. sp. Acarologia 11(4):207-221.; Taylor et al., 2013Taylor, C. K.; Gunawardene, N. R. & Kinnear, A. 2013. A new species of Neocaeculus (Acari: Prostigmata: Caeculidae) from Barrow Island, Western Australia, with a checklist of world Caeculidae. Acarologia 53(4):439-452.; Taylor, 2014Taylor, C. K. 2014. Two further Neocaeculus species (Acari: Prostigmata: Caeculidae) from Barrow Island, Western Australia. Acarologia 54(3):347-358.) and one species from the Neotropical Region (Argentina) originally described at Caeculus by Berlese (1916Berlese A. 1916. Centuria terza di Acari nuovi. Redia 12:289-338.) which was transferred to this genus by Coineau (1974a)Coineau, Y. 1974a. Éléments pour une monographie morphologique, écologique et biologique des Caeculidae (Acariens). Mémoires du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Série A, Zoologie 81:1-299..

Taylor (2014Taylor, C. K. 2014. Two further Neocaeculus species (Acari: Prostigmata: Caeculidae) from Barrow Island, Western Australia. Acarologia 54(3):347-358.) raised interesting discussion about the possible synonymy between Microcaeculus Franz and Neocaeculus, regarding the difficulty to define the anterior overhanging of the gnathosoma by the aspidosomal sclerite. We do agree whit the author position but a deeper examination of the both genera types would be necessary to give more fundament to this question. However, it is very possible that both genera could be regarded as valid considering the genera types, with many species, for now, arbitrary placed in one or another genus.

The species herein described present aspidosomal sclerite not overhanging the gnathosoma, absence of dorsal bothridia in the tarsi legs I and II and differently sized claws of leg I. Based on this arguments we decide to place the new species into Neocaeculus. However it is very possible that this species are indeed not congeneric with N. luxtoni due the differently shaped nasus bothridial setae (bo) which could be a good character to define the both above discussed genera. The absence of the bothridium in the legs I and II could be also considered to place the new species in Microcaeculus but as stated by Taylor (2014Taylor, C. K. 2014. Two further Neocaeculus species (Acari: Prostigmata: Caeculidae) from Barrow Island, Western Australia. Acarologia 54(3):347-358.) and Ott & Ott (2014Ott, A. P. & Ott, R. 2014. A new species of Andocaeculus (Acari, Caeculidae) from the Pampa biome, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 104(3):355-363.) it is very likely that the genus does not have representatives in South America being all three species described by H. Franz for the continent possible belonging to Andocaeculus.

In this paper we describe a new species of Neocaeculus from South America, the second species of the genus known for the continent and the first of the genus known from Brazil; new distribution data is provided for A. caioi.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Descriptions follow mainly Ott & Ott (2014Ott, A. P. & Ott, R. 2014. A new species of Andocaeculus (Acari, Caeculidae) from the Pampa biome, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 104(3):355-363.), with six positions for spines and spine rows considered: d, dorsal; a, anterior; p, posterior; v, ventral; va, ventro-anterior; vp, ventro-posterior. Only leg articles with spines are indicated. Additional abbreviations used in text: tr, trochanter; bf, basifemur; fe, femur; ti, tibia; ta, tarsus.

Specimen for transmitted light examination was cleared with Nesbitt’s fluid along two weeks and posteriorly washed out with acetic acid over one day and transferred to 80% ethanol; examination on compound microscope was made with the help of a excavated slide containing clove oil. Spines location and counts were accomplished using compound and stereomicroscope for confirmation. Incident light images of female paratype were taken using a Leica M205A stereomicroscope with attached DFC420 camera and assembled using the Leica application suite (LAS) software package. Transmited light images of male holotype were taken through a Zeiss Standard compound microscope with attached Canon A620 camera and processed with Helicon Focus 5.3 multi-range program (Kozub et al., 2012Kozub, D.; Khmelik, K.; Shapoval, J.; Chentsov, V.; Litovschenko, B. & Starikh, V. 2012. Helicon Focus 5.3. Helicon Focus Ltda. Available at <Available at http://cybercom.net/~dcoffin/dcraw/ >. Accessed on 23 May 2013.
http://cybercom.net/~dcoffin/dcraw/...
). Electron scanning microscope (SEM) images were taken using a Jeol-JSM-5200 with attached SLR digital camera. All measurements are in micrometers. Locality data in brackets was taken from Google Earth for the main buildings of the National Park Sete Cidades, Piauí, Brazil.

Examined material is deposited at acarological collection of Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG, curator Alexandre B. Bonaldo); Coleção Científica de Acari do Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica da Universidade Estadual Paulista - IBILCE - Campus de São José do Rio Preto (DZSJRP, curator Reinaldo J. F. Feres) and Museu de Ciências Naturais da Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul (MCN, curator R. Ott).

RESULTS

Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov.

(Figs 1-38)

Figures 1-5
Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov., paratype ♀: 1, dorsal view; 2, ventral view; 3, lateral view; 4, anterior portion of aspidosomal sclerite, dorsal view; 5, tarsi of legs I, dorso-anterior view. Scales bars: 1, 2, 3, 1000 μm; 4, 250 μm; 5, 100 μm

Figures 6-9
Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov., holotype ♂, cleared: 6, 8, dorsal view; 7, 9, ventral view. Scale bars: 500 μm.

Figures 10-14
Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov., holotype ♂: 10, anterior portion of tarsus of leg I, prolateral view; 11, anterior portion of aspidosomal sclerite, dorsal view; 12, palp, dorsal view; 13, palp, ventral view; 14, internal genital sclerite, ventral view (bo, bothridium; eu, eupathidium; fs, foliar seta; Po, naso seta; sol, solenidion; ts, tarsal solenidion). Scale bars: 10, 12, 13, 50 μm; 11, 250 μm; 14, 100 μm.

Figures 15-22
Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov.: 15, 17, 19, 21, trochanter, basifemur, femur and genu, respectively Legs I, II, III, IV, dorso-prolateral view; 16, 18, 20, 22, tibia and tarsus, respectively Legs I, II, III, IV, prolateral view (bt, tarsal bothridium; sol, solenidion; ts, tarsal solenidion). Scale bar: 250 μm. Dotted circles indicate solenidia and eupathidia at retrolateral positions.

Figures 23-30
Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov., paratype ♂, scanning electron microscope images, Leg I: 23, tarsus, dorso-retrolateral view; 24, tarsal claws, dorsal view (arrows: foliar setae); 25, same, retrolateral view (arrow: foliar seta); 26, tarsal distal eupathidium, ventral view; 27, tarsal medial eupathidium elevated base, lateral view (arrow: eupathidium); 28, tibial solenidion, retrolateral view; 29, tarsus, prolateral view (arrow: tarsal solenidion); 30, same, solenidion detail. Scale bars: 23, 100 μm; 24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 10 μm; 26, 5 μm; 29, 50 μm.

Figures 31-38
Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov., paratype ♂, scanning electron microscope images: 31, 32, Leg II; 33-36, Leg III; 37, 38, Leg IV. Fig. 31, tarsus, dorso-prolateral view; 32, tibial solenidion, dorso-retrolateral view; 33, tarsus, retrolateral view (arrow: tarsal bothridium); 34, tarsal bothridium, dorso-retrolateral view; 35, tibial solenidion, retrolateral view; 36, tarsal claws, retrolatertal view (arrow: foliar seta); 37, tarsus, retrolateral view (arrow: tarsal bothridium); 38, tarsal bothridium base, dorso-retrolateral view. Scale bars: 31, 50 μm; 32, 34, 36, 38, 10 μm; 33, 37, 100 μm; 35, 5 μm.

Type material. Holotype ♂ from Parque Nacional Sete Cidades (04°06’44.2”S - 41°41’47.7”W), sample site PNC7C 0323, Piracuruca, Piauí, Brazil, 06.XII.2006, L. C. Carvalho et al. leg. (MPEG - ACA 0081). Paratypes: ♀ same data of holotype; ♀, Parque Nacional Sete Cidades [04°05’59”S, 41°42’33”W], Brasileira e Piracuruca, Piauí, Brazil, 2006-2007, same collector as holotype (MPEG ACA 0084); ♂ and 1 juv. (MCN ACA 1929; ex. MPEG ACA 0084) same data above; ♀, sample site PNC7C 0951, Piracuruca (04°05’57.5”S - 41°43’00.7”W), 26.I.2007, same collector above (MPEG ACA 0080); 1 juv. same locality, date and collector above (MPEG ACA 0082).

Etymology. The noun in apposition is taken from the type locality.

Diagnosis. Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov. is close to N. bornemisszaiCoineau & Enns, 1969Coineau, Y. & Enns, W. R. 1969. Contribuition a l’étude des Caeculidae. 8e série. Deux nouvelles espèces d’Australie: Neocaeculus knoepffleri n. sp.; N. bornemisszai n. sp. Acarologia 11(4):207-221., N. johnstoni Coineau, 1974, N. kinnearaeTaylor, 2014Taylor, C. K. 2014. Two further Neocaeculus species (Acari: Prostigmata: Caeculidae) from Barrow Island, Western Australia. Acarologia 54(3):347-358., N. knoepffleri Coineau & Enns, 1969 and N. womersleyi Coineau, 1974 in having a narrow and straight nasus bothridial setae bo (Fig. 11) rather to “globose-capitate” ones (see Coineau, 1967Coineau, Y. 1967. Contribuition à l’étude des Caeculidae, Troisième série. Développment postlarvaire de Neocaeculus luxtoni n. gen., n. sp. Acarologia 9(1):55-75.: 59, fig. 2A). The species can be distiguished from N. bruchi by the different spines number and distribution on leg I (see Berlese, 1916: 290, 291). It can be recognized by the presence of 5-6 blunt tip spines on prolateral side of trochanter I (Figs 1, 2, 4, 15).

Description. Male (MPEG ACA 0081, holotype). Idiossoma 1,481 long, 950 wide.

Dorsum: yellowish brown tegument with dark brown markings surrounding sclerites (in ethanol, as in Figs 1-3). Aspidosomal sclerite yellowish brown with brown markings, mesal portion lighter, anterior portion much lighter, almost whitish, 531 long, 580 wide; setae Pa close together, on anterior border of sclerite; setae Pm close together on the anterior third of sclerite; setae Pp wide appart, on the posterior third of sclerite, just behind the posterior eyes line (Figs 6, 8). Two pair of eyes on small rounded and brown sclerite at level of posterior third of aspidosomal sclerite (Figs 1, 4, 6, 8). Centrodorsal sclerite yellowish brown with brown markings, 612 long, 483 wide; setae a1, b1, c1 present; setae a1 and b1 closer together as both c1, a1 separated from each other around one and a half time their length and b1 about two times their length, setae c1 wider apart from each other, around three to four times their length (Figs 6, 8). Lateral sclerite yellowish brown with brown markings, 692 long, 193 wide; setae a2, b2, c2 present, all positioned on middle line of sclerite, a2, b2 single, c2 double but not close together; lyrifissure ia transversal, between a2 and b2, on the ectal border of sclerite; lyrifissure im obliquous between b2 and c2, somewhat apart from the ectal border of the sclerite (Figs 6, 8). Medial sclerite in one piece, occupying the whole width of posterior portion of idiossoma, yellowish brown with brown markings, narrow trapezoidal shaped, 225 long, 757 wide; setae d1, d2 present, single, ds present; all setae almost in transversal straight line with d2 at lateral border of sclerite. Posterior sclerites very weakly defined, 64 long, 242 wide; setae e1, e2 present, es absent (Figs 6, 8). Pseudoanal sclerite not clearly defined, setae h1, h2 and hs present.

Venter: yellowish brown tegument with brown ridges; epimeres brown, wrinkled aspect; dark brown genital valve, brown anal valves (Figs 2, 7). Epimeres I not touching the gnathosoma, with a clear seam between them; epimeres I and II totally fused from the base to half of its length showing a groove from this point until distal end; epimeres I with four equaly spaced medial clavate setae, which increases in size from the proximal to the distal position; epimeres II with two medial clavate setae, close together and positioned at half length of the epimere; epimeres II and III, separated by a seam; epimeres III and IV fused, with a groove between them on its total length; both with two small medial, almost same sized clavate setae.

Genital valves with five pairs of small and thin needle like setae, each valve 290 long, 32 wide, genital; agenital sclerite well sclerotized, brown, triangular in shape, 225 long, 161, wide. Anal valves with two-three clavate setae, 209 long, 64 wide; pseudoanal sclerites, brown, semicircular, with two-three clavate setae, 242 long, 80 wide, reaching until three quarters of the total length of the anal valves (Figs 7, 9). Remaining ventral a genital seta distribution as in Fig. 9. Internal genital sclerite bell shaped, with 4 pairs of visible setae forming a circular pattern on the anterior portion, no visible acetabula (Figs. 7, 14).

Gnathosoma: nasu seta Po very short, bothridia bo long and narrow (Fig. 11); subcapitulum dark brown, wrinkled aspect, with two pairs of clavate setae. Hypostome with one pair of clavate setae near base. Chelicera with one dorso-distal needle like seta; movable finger terminal, fixed finger regressed and tooth like. Palp (Figs 12, 13) four segmented, with femur-genu not fused, femur with two dorsal clavate setae and genu with a single clavate seta; tibia with five setae being two dorso-retrolateral clavate and three robust prolateral spiniform setae, being the proximal one sharp pointed and both distal with blunt tip; tibia also with one dorsal solenidion (Fig. 12); tarsus with three setae, one ventral, one prolateral and one retrolaterally directed, five eupathidia: four more prolateral positioned being the two median very close together, the fifth one slightly in retrolateral position (Fig. 13).

Legs (Figs 10, 15-38): light brown with whitish clavate setae on dorsum, laterals and some scarce ones ventrally at trochanter, basifemur, femur and genu of legs II-IV; all legs with divided femura; rake setae light orange. Distal tip of tarsi of legs I-IV bearing large and peculiar foliar setae positioned one on each side of the tarsal claws (Figs 24, 25, 36). Legs I and II bearing very long rake like setae (mainly on anterior and ventral sides of femur, genu and tibia), most setae and eupathidia originating on tubercles. Leg I (Figs 15, 16, 23-30) with 16 visible eupathidia (Figs 26, 27), distributed on basifemur (2), femur (1) genu (2), tibia (4) and tarsus (7); trochanter with five to six strong, long, narrow and slightly clavate prolateral setae; one distal solenidion on retrolateral side of tibia (Fig. 28) and a very large prolateral tarsal solenidium (11.90 diameter; Figs 10, 16, 29, 30) present at distal third of tarsus; tarsal bothridium absent (Figs 16, 23); clavate setae distribution: tr, a1-1-1-1-1 (very long, sometimes six setae), d3-3-3, p1-1-0; bf, a0-1-0, d3-3-2; fe, d0-2-2; ge, d3-3-2-3-1, p1-1-1-0, vp1-0-1-1; ti, d3-1-3-1-1, vp1-0-0-0; ta, d1-0-0, p1-0-0, vp, 1-1-1; needle like setae distribution: bf, va1; fe, a1; ge, a1-1, vp1; ti, a1-1-1-1, vp1-1-1; ta, a1-1-1-1, d0-1-0, vp1-1-1-1. Leg II (Figs 17, 18, 31, 32) with 18 visible eupathidia, distributed on basifemur (2), femur (2), genu (4), tibia (5) and tarsus (8) (Figs 17, 18); one distal solenidion on tibia in retrolateral position (Fig. 32) and one very large prolateral solenidium (11.00 diameter; Fig. 18) present at distal third of tarsus; tarsal bothridium absent (Figs 18, 31); clavate setae distribution: tr, a1-0-0, d1-3-1; bf, a1-0, d1-3-2; fe, a1, d2-1; ge, a1-1 d3-3-1, vp1-1-0-0; ti, d2-2-3, va1-1-1-1; ta, d2-1-1; needle like setae distribution: bf, vp1; ge, va1-1, vp1-0; ti, v0-1; ta, a1-1-1-1, vp1-1-1-1. Leg III (Figs 19, 20, 33-36) with 14 visible eupathidia distributed on basifemur (2), femur (1) genu (2) tibia (5) and tarsus (4) (Figs 19, 20), one distal solenidion on tibia (Fig. 35) in retrolateral position; one dorsal bothridium (159.50 long) at three quarters of the length of tarsus (Figs 20, 33, 34); clavate setae distribution: tr, a2-1-1, d1-2-2; bf, a1, d1-2; fe, a1, d1; ge, d2-3-2, v0-1, vp1-1; ti, d2-1-1,va2-0-0-0; ta, d2-2-0; needle like setae distribution: ti, va0-1-1-1, v1-1-1-1; ta, v1-1-1,va1-1-1-1. Leg IV (figs 21, 22, 37, 38) with 15 visible eupathidia distributed on femur (2), genu (3), tibia (7) and tarsus (3) (Figs 21, 22), one dorsal long bothridium (173.80 long) positioned near to three quarters of the length of tarsus (Figs 22, 37, 38); clavate setae distribution: tr, a1-0-1,d1-1-1; bf, d2-1, a1, v2-0-1; fe, d1; ge, a0-0-1, d2-1-1, va1-1-1; ti, d2-0-1-0; ta, d2-2-0; needle like setae distribution: ti, va1-1-1-1-1, vp1-1-1-1-0; ta, va1-1-1-1-1, vp0-1-1-1-1.

Variation (n=2). Idiossoma length 1,481 (no variation detecded), width 950-966.

Female (MPEG ACA 0084, paratype, Figs 1-5). Idiossoma length 1,666; width 1,137. As for male except noted. Aspidosomal sclerite, 580 long, 628 wide. Centrodorsal sclerite 757 long, 547 wide. Lateral sclerite 869 long, 225 wide. Medial sclerite 193 long, 338 wide. Posterior sclerites 209 long, 403 wide.

Genital valves, 290 long, 32 wide; aggenital sclerite, proportionally smaller as in male, 225 long, 113 wide, reaching just to the half length of the genital valves. Adanal sclerites 306 long, 80 wide; pseudoanal sclerites 338 long, 97 wide (Fig. 2).

Variation (n=3). Idiossoma length 1,433-1,666, width 950-1,137.

Other examined material. None.

Distribution. Known only for the type locality.

Natural History. The available information for sample sites of some of the collected specimens indicate that the species can be found in grasslands (pitfall sampling method; PN7C 0323 sample site; Figs 39, 40) and dry semideciduous forests litter (winkler sampling method; PNC7C 0951 sample site; Figs 41, 42), both sites are defined respectively as “campo graminoide cespitoso médio” and “floresta tropical semidecídua” (Oliveira et al., 2007Oliveira, M. E. A.; Martins, F. R.; Castro, A. A. J. F. & Santos, J. R. 2007. Classes de cobertura vegetal do Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades (transição campo-floresta) utilizando imagens TM/Landsat, NE do Brasil. Anais XIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Sensoriamento Remoto. Available at <Available at http://marte.sid.inpe.br/col/dpi.inpe.br/sbsr@80/2006/11.18.01.58/doc/1775-1783.pdf >. Acessed 20 June 2017.
http://marte.sid.inpe.br/col/dpi.inpe.br...
). The “Parque Nacional Sete Cidades” is mainly geomorphologically characterized by sand stone formations as table mountais (“chapadas”), sand stone slopes (“cuestas”) and typic sedimentary basins sandy soil (Santos & Pellerin, 2003Santos, J. & Pellerin, J. 2003. Mapeamento Geomorfológico do Parque Nacional Sete Cidades, Piracuruca, Piauí. In: IX Congresso da Associação Brasileira de Estudos do Quaternário/II Congresso do Quaternário de Países de Línguas Ibéricas/II Congresso sobre Planejamento e Gestão da Zona Costeira dos Países de Expressão Portuguesa. Recife. São Paulo, Associação Brasileira de Estudos do Quaternário. 3p. [CD Rom].). The collection sites characteristics and methodologies evidences suggests that the species is probably a sandy ground/litter dweller (also observed by the collector, L. Carvalho pers. comm.) differently from the another species registered to Brazil, A. caioi, which was until now found exclusively in outcrops under stones (Ott & Ott, 2014Ott, A. P. & Ott, R. 2014. A new species of Andocaeculus (Acari, Caeculidae) from the Pampa biome, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 104(3):355-363.).

Figures 39-42
Neocaeculus setecidades sp. nov. habitats in the Parque Nacional Sete Cidades, Piracuruca, Piauí, Brazil. 39, 40, grasslands; 41, 42, dry semideciduous Forest.

Andocaeculus caioi Ott & Ott, 2014Ott, A. P. & Ott, R. 2014. A new species of Andocaeculus (Acari, Caeculidae) from the Pampa biome, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 104(3):355-363.

Andocaeculus caioiOtt & Ott, 2014Ott, A. P. & Ott, R. 2014. A new species of Andocaeculus (Acari, Caeculidae) from the Pampa biome, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 104(3):355-363.:356, figs 1-42.

Notes. Regarding recent information about caeculids collected some time ago in a cemetery in Botucatú, São Paulo (G. R. S. Ruiz, pers. comm.), it was possible to locate, examinate and identify the specimens as A. caioi. Besides of some variations in chaetotaxy in aspidosomal and dorsal plates it was not possible to identify consistent differences on the specimens with the material from Rio Grande do Sul. Interestingly specimens of both populations were collected in areas with basalt and sandstone formations. Locally the both formations are popularly called also “cuestas” (“Cuesta do Haedo” in Rio Grande do Sul and “Cuesta de Botucatú” in São Paulo). Cuestas are defined by plateau slopes were, in this case, the sandstone layers emerge beneath the basalt. However, the regions are some thousand kilometers apart and the species distribution range is considerably enhanced. Recently we receive the information that the species is also present in Argentina (A. Porta, pers. comm.). Material collected at Lavras do Sul was found on granite outcrops. Despite the larger amount of material collected after the description of the species, to date no males of this species were recognized; similar findings were reported by Coineau (1967Coineau, Y. 1967. Contribuition à l’étude des Caeculidae, Troisième série. Développment postlarvaire de Neocaeculus luxtoni n. gen., n. sp. Acarologia 9(1):55-75.) regarding Neocaeculus luxtoni.

New records. BRAZIL, São Paulo: Botucatú: 2♀, 2 juv. “under stone in cemetery”, Cemitério antigo de Botucatú (22°53’55”S, 48°26’42”W), 13.X.2002, G. R. S. Ruiz leg. (DZSJRP-ACARI 9552). Rio Grande do Sul: Sant’Ana do Livramento: 74♀, 25 juv. in basalt outcrop, Fazenda Bela Vista, Área de Proteção Ambiental do Rio Ibirapuitã (30°25’53.94”S, 55°38’54.59”W), 18.V.2014, R. Ott & C. Mansan leg. (MCN-ACA 1922); 9♀, 2 juv. in sandstone outcrop, Área de Proteção Ambiental do Rio Ibirapuitã (30°30.43.90’S, 55°36’0.29”W), 18.V.2014, R. Ott leg. (MCN-ACA 1923); 2♀, 13 juv. in basalt outcrop, Estância do Açude (30°28’56.91”S, 55°32’56.97”W), 4.XII.2014, R. Ott leg. (MCN-ACA 1924); 4♀, 1 juv. in basalt outcrop near bridge over creek, 4.XII.2014, R. Ott leg. (MCN-ACA 1925); 3♀, 1 juv. Faz. da D. Laura, Rincão Bonito (30°34’40.27”S; 55°31’10.21”W), 3-7.XII.2014, R. Botero & R. Ott leg. (MCN-ACA 1926); São Francisco de Assis: 11♀, 1 juv. under sandstone rocks layers at slope of hill, (29°30’59.63”S, 55°7’26.80”W), 8.XII.2014, R. Ott & R. Botero leg. (MCN-ACA 1927); Lavras do Sul: 17♀, 1 juv., under stones in outcrop at road side, RS-630 (30°45’11.30”S; 54°22’47.37”W), 29.I.2015, R. Ott & R. Teixeira leg. (MCN-ACA 1928); 10♀, 1 juv., under stones in outcrop at road side, RS-630 (30°49’19.64”S, 54°28’51.86”W), 30.I.2015, R. Ott & R. Teixeira leg. (MCN-ACA 1930).

Acknowledgements

To RS Biodiversidade Project for financial support on lab and field expeditions. To UFRGS PPBio CNPq project for the support on Lavras do Sul expedition. To Marcel S. Araújo for providing the information of the caeculids at the MPEG collection and to organizing the DZSJRP material sending. To Gustavo R. S. Ruiz for providing the information of caeculids in Botucatú. To Alexandre B. Bonaldo (MPEG) and Reinaldo J. F. Feres (DZSJRP) for the loan of material. To Cleodir Mansan and Ricardo Botero for the invaluable help on the field expeditons. To Leonardo S. Carvalho (UFPI) for providing information and images of the sampling sites.

REFERENCES

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  • Coineau, Y. 1974a. Éléments pour une monographie morphologique, écologique et biologique des Caeculidae (Acariens). Mémoires du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Série A, Zoologie 81:1-299.
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Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    25 June 2018
  • Date of issue
    2018

History

  • Received
    23 Aug 2017
  • Accepted
    11 June 2018
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