ABSTRACT.
A large collection of terrestrial isopods from different Brazilian regions was examined. Two new species of Amazoniscus Lemos de Castro, 1967 (Scleropactidae) are described: A. zimmeri Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Araujo sp. nov. from the state of Pará and A. schmidti Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Taiti sp. nov. from the state of Minas Gerais. Pseudotyphloscia alba (Dollfus, 1898) (Philosciidae) is firstly recorded from Brazil. The systematic position of Venezillo tuberosus (Budde-Lund, 1904) is discussed and transferred to Ctenorillo Verhoeff, 1942. Androdeloscia lejeunei (Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986) and Diploexochus echinatus Brandt, 1833 from the state of Pará, are redescribed.
KEYWORDS.
Neotropics; Amazonian tropical rainforest; Atlantic forest
RESUMO.
Uma grande coleção de isópodes terrestres de diferentes regiões brasileiras foi examinada. Duas novas espécies de Amazoniscus Lemos de Castro, 1967 (Scleropactidae) são descritas: A. zimmeri Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Araujo sp. nov. proveniente do Estado do Pará e A. schmidti Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Taiti sp. nov. do Estado de Minas Gerais. Pseudotyphloscia alba (Dollfus, 1898) (Philosciidae) tem o seu primeiro registro para o Brasil. A posição sistemática de Venezillo tuberosus (Budde-Lund, 1904) é discutida e transferida para Ctenorillo Verhoeff, 1942. Androdeloscia lejeunei (Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986) e Diploexochus echinatus Brandt, 1833 do Estado do Pará, são redescritas.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE.
Neotrópico; Floresta Tropical Amazônica; Mata Atlântica
To date, ca. 170 species of terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea), distributed in 54 genera and 20 families, are known from Brazil (Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.; Araujo & Quadros, 2005Araujo, P. B. & Quadros, A. F. 2005. A new species of Alboscia Schultz, 1995 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 1018:55-60.; Souza et al., 2006Souza, L. A.; Bezerra, A. V. & Araújo, J. P. 2006. The first troglobitic species of Scleropactidae from Brazil (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Subterranean Biology 4:37-43., 2010Souza, L. A.; Senna, A. R. & Kury, A. B. 2010. A new species and first record of Gabunillo Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983 (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Armadillidae) from the Neotropics. Zootaxa 2677: 1-14., 2011Souza, L. A.; Araújo, J. P. & Campos-Filho, I. S. 2011. The genus Trichorhina Budde-Lund in Brazil, with description of seven new species (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Platyarthridae). Iheringia, Série Zoologia 101(3):239-261., 2015Souza, L. A.; Ferreira, R. L. & Senna, A. R. 2015. Amphibious shelter-builder Oniscidea species from the New World with description of a new subfamily, a new genus and a new species from Brazilian Cave (Isopoda, Synocheta, Styloniscidae). PLoS ONE 10(5):e0115021.; Araujo & Taiti, 2007Araujo, P. B. & Taiti, S. 2007. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Oniscidea) from Rocas Atoll, northeastern, Brazil. Arquivos do Museu Nacional 65(3):347-355.; Sokolowicz et al., 2008Sokolowicz, C. C.; Araujo, P. B. & Boelter, J. F. 2008. A new species of Benthana (Crustacea: Isopoda: Philosciidae) from southern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25(2):314-318. ; Magrini et al., 2010Magrini, M. J.; Araujo, P. B. & Uehara-Prado, M. 2010. Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea Latreille, 1802: new continent record and distribution extension in Brazil. Checklist 6(2):217-219.; Campos-Filho & Araujo, 2011aCampos-Filho, I. S. & Araujo, P. B. 2011 a. New species of Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Crustacea: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) from Paraná, Brazil. Zootaxa 2765:38-46.,bCampos-Filho, I. S. & Araujo, P. B. 2011 b. Two new troglobitic species of Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Pará, Brazil. Nauplius 19(1):27-39.; Campos-Filho et al., 2012Campos-Filho, I. S.; Contreira, S. G. & Lopes-Leitzke, E. R. 2012. A new species of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Oniscidea: Philosciidae) from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Nauplius 20(2):137-144., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.,bCampos-Filho, I. S.; Costa, S. L. N. & Araujo P. B. 2013b. Two new species of Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Philosciidae) from Brazil. Tropical Zoology 26(1):1-14., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425, 2015aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Taiti, S. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomic revision of the genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae). Zootaxa 4022:1-73.,bCampos-Filho, I. S.; Mise, K. M. & Sessegolo, G. C. 2015 b. A new species of Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Platyarthridae) from Paraná caves, southern Brazil. Nauplius 23(2):112-119., 2016Campos-Filho, I. S.; Bichuette, M. E. & Taiti, S. 2016. Threee new species of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Nauplius 24:e2016001.; Lisboa et al., 2013Lisboa, J. T.; Couto, E. C. G.; Santos, P. P.; Delabie, J. H. C. & Araujo, P. B. 2013. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) in termite nests (Blattodea: Termitidae) in a cocoa plantation in Brazil. Biota Neotropica 13(3):393-397.; Costa et al., 2014Costa, S. L. N.; Campos-Filho, I. S. & Araujo, P. B. 2014. New species and new records of Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) from southern Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 54(13):169-176.; Cardoso et al., 2016Cardoso, G. M.; Campos-Filho, I. S. & Araujo, P. B. 2016. The genus Dubioniscus Vandel, 1963 (Oniscidea, Dubioniscidae) with descriptions of two new species from Brazil. Tropical Zoology 29(3):111-133.).
Recently, many surveys have been conducted through several Brazilian regions, including cave environments, and many specimens have been collected. Some of these species are waiting for identification and/or formal descriptions, in case of new taxa (e.g. Magrini et al., 2010Magrini, M. J.; Araujo, P. B. & Uehara-Prado, M. 2010. Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea Latreille, 1802: new continent record and distribution extension in Brazil. Checklist 6(2):217-219.; Gallão & Bichuette, 2015Gallão, J. E. & Bichuette, M. E. 2015. Taxonomic distinctness and conservation of a new high biodiversity subterranean area in Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 87(1):209-217.; Silva & Ferreira, 2015Silva, M. S. & Ferreira, R. L. 2015. Cave invertebrates in Espírito Santo state, Brazil: a primary analysis of endemism, threats and conservation priorities. Subterranean Biology 16:79-102.; Fernandes et al., 2016Fernandes, C. S.; Batalha, M. A. & Bichuette, M. E. 2016. Does the cave environment reduce functional diversity? PLoS ONE 11(3):e0151958.).
A large collection of terrestrial isopods from different Brazilian regions, including Atlantic forest and Amazon rainforest, have been examined and two new species belonging to the family Scleropactidae are recognized. In addition, the examination of specimens of Venezillo tuberosus (Budde-Lund, 1904Budde-Lund, G. 1904. Spherilloninae. Armadillo. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations . Copenhagen, H. Hagerup , p. 33-144.) from the state of Ceará, allowed us to allocate this species into the genus CtenorilloVerhoeff, 1942Verhoeff, K. W. 1942. Äthiopische Isopoda terrestria der Hamburger Zoologischen Museums. Zoologischer Anzeiger 140: 1-163.. Also, Androdeloscia lejeunei (Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986Lemos de Castro, A. & Souza, L. A. 1986. Três espécies novas de isópodes terretres do gênero Prosekia Vandel da Amazônia Brasileira (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 46(2):429-438.) and Diploexochus echinatusBrandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193. from the state of Pará, are redescribed.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Specimens were stored in 75% ethanol and identifications were based on morphological characters. The species were illustrated with the aid of a camera lucida mounted on Wild M5 and M20 microscopes. The final illustrations were prepared as in Montesanto (2015Montesanto, G. 2015. A fast GNU method to draw accurate scientific illustrations for taxonomy. Zookeys 515:191-206., 2016Montesanto, G. 2016. Drawing setae: a GNU way for digital scientific illustrations. Nauplius 24:e2016017.). The SEM micrographs were taken at Centro de Miscroscopia Eletrônica (UFRGS) using a JSM 6060 Scanning Electron Microscope. The coordinates of the noduli laterales were obtained and figured as in Vandel (1962Vandel, A. 1962. Isopodes terrestres (Deuxième Partie). In: Fédération Française des Sociétes de Sciences Naturelles, ed. Faune de France 66. Paris, P. Lechevalier, p.417-931.). The respiratory structures were classified as in Ferrara et al. (1994Ferrara, F.; Paoli, P. & Taiti, S. 1994. Philosciids with pleopodal lungs? The case of the genus Aphiloscia Budde-Lund, 1908 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea), with description of six new species. Journal of Natural History 26(6):1231-1264.) and Paoli et al. (2002Paoli, P.; Ferrara, F. & Taiti, S. 2002. Morphology and evolution of the respiratory apparatus in the family Eubelidae (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Journal of Morphology 253:272-289.).
The material examined is deposited in the Natural History Museum, Section Zoology ‘La Specola’, Florence, Italy (MZUF); in the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP); and in the Coleção de Crustáceos do Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil (UFRGS).
Abbreviations: APA, Área de Proteção Ambiental (Area of Environmental Protection); CEPLAC, Comissão Executiva de Planejamento de Lavoura Cacaueira (Executive Committee of Cocoa Farming Planning); EE, Estação Ecológica (Ecological Station); FLONA, Floresta Nacional (National Forest); FZBRS: Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; ICZN, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature; MNRJ, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; MPEG, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil; UESC, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil; UFSM, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; PARNA, Parque Nacional (National Park); PARNAT, Parque Natural (Natural Park); PE: Parque Estadual (State Park); REBIO, Reserva Biológica (Biological Reserve); RPPN, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (Private Natural Heritage Reserve).
RESULTS
Trichoniscidae
Miktoniscus Kesselyák, 1930
Miktoniscus medcofi (Van Name, 1940)
Trichoniscus (Miktoniscus) medcofiVan Name, 1940Van Name, W. G. 1940. A supplement to the American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77: 109-142.: 111, fig. 2.
Trichoniscus (Miktoniscus) humus; Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942Mulaik, S. & Mulaik, D. 1942. New species and records of American terrestrial isopods. Bulletin of the University of Utah 32:1-23.:5, pl. 5, pl. 4, figs 42-52; Van Name, 1942Van Name, W. G. 1942. A second supplement to the American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 80:299-329.:302, fig. 3; Schultz, 1962Schultz, G. A. 1962. Miktoniscus grayi, a new species of terrestrial isopod Crustacea from North Carolina. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 78(1): 47-51.:47; Vandel, 1965Vandel, A. 1965. Les “Trichoniscidae” cavernicoles (Isopoda terrestria; Crustacea) de l’Amérique du Nord. Annales de Spéléologie 20:347-389.:375.
Trichoniscus veracrucensisMulaik, 1960Mulaik, S. 1960. Contribución al conocimiento de los isópodos terrestres de Mexico (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Revista del la Sociedad Mexican de Historia Natural 21:79-292.:128, pl. 4, figs 65-70, pl. 5, figs 71-73.
Miktoniscus medcofi; Muchmore, 1957Muchmore, W. 1957. Some exotic terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscoidea) from New York State. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 47:78-83.:79; Lemos de Castro, 1953Lemos de Castro, A. 1953. Fauna do Distrito Federal, VIII. Sôbre a ocorrência dos Gêneros ‘Miktoniscus’ e ‘Cordioniscus’ no Rio de Janeiro. (Isopoda, Trichoniscidae). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciência 25(4):527-534.:529, fig. I; 1971:10, fig. 3; Vandel, 1960Vandel, A. 1960. Isopodes terrestres (Première Partie). In: Fédération Française des Sociétes de Sciences Naturelles, ed. Faune de France 64. Paris, Lechevalier, p. 1-416.:349; Schultz, 1962Schultz, G. A. 1962. Miktoniscus grayi, a new species of terrestrial isopod Crustacea from North Carolina. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 78(1): 47-51.:47, 1976:36, figs 40-45; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:668; Araujo & Bueno, 1998Araujo, P. B. & Bueno, A. 1998. Novos registros de isópodos terrestres do sul do Brasil: Porcellionidae e Trichoniscidae (Crustacea, Oniscidea). Nauplius 6:185-186.:186; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:7; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:166; Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425:363, figs 1-4, 2015bCampos-Filho, I. S.; Mise, K. M. & Sessegolo, G. C. 2015 b. A new species of Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Platyarthridae) from Paraná caves, southern Brazil. Nauplius 23(2):112-119.:117.
Miktoniscus alabamensisMuchmore, 1964Muchmore, W. 1964. New terrestrial isopods from the genus Miktoniscus from eastern United States (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscoidea). Ohio Journal of Sciences 64:51-57.:56; Vandel, 1965Vandel, A. 1965. Les “Trichoniscidae” cavernicoles (Isopoda terrestria; Crustacea) de l’Amérique du Nord. Annales de Spéléologie 20:347-389.:379, figs 12, 14a-b, 17a-b, 18a-c, 19a-d, 20; Peck, 1970Peck, S. B. 1970. The terrestrial arthropod fauna of Florida caves. Florida Entomologist 54:203-207.:203.
Miktoniscus ohioensisMuchmore, 1964Muchmore, W. 1964. New terrestrial isopods from the genus Miktoniscus from eastern United States (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscoidea). Ohio Journal of Sciences 64:51-57.:51, figs 1-5; Vandel, 1965Vandel, A. 1965. Les “Trichoniscidae” cavernicoles (Isopoda terrestria; Crustacea) de l’Amérique du Nord. Annales de Spéléologie 20:347-389.:373.
nec Miktoniscus medcofi; Vandel, 1965Vandel, A. 1965. Les “Trichoniscidae” cavernicoles (Isopoda terrestria; Crustacea) de l’Amérique du Nord. Annales de Spéléologie 20:347-389.:375, figs 13a-b, 14a-b.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Pará: ♂, Belém (Campus MPEG), 01°27’09”S, 48°28’35”W, 19.IX.2014, J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 6009).
Previous Brazilian records. Amapá: Serra do Navio (Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.). Pará: Park of MPEG (Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.); Canaã dos Carajás (Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425). Rio de Janeiro: Furnas de Tijuca, Tijuca and Três Rios Road (Freguezia) (Lemos de Castro, 1953Lemos de Castro, A. 1953. Fauna do Distrito Federal, VIII. Sôbre a ocorrência dos Gêneros ‘Miktoniscus’ e ‘Cordioniscus’ no Rio de Janeiro. (Isopoda, Trichoniscidae). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciência 25(4):527-534.); Ilha de Paquetá, Jacarepaguá and Tijuca (Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.). São Paulo: Itanhaém, S. Vicente, Santos and São Paulo (Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.). Paraná: Água Boa cave, Almirante Tramandaré (Campos-Filho et al., 2015bCampos-Filho, I. S.; Mise, K. M. & Sessegolo, G. C. 2015 b. A new species of Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Platyarthridae) from Paraná caves, southern Brazil. Nauplius 23(2):112-119.). Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre (Morro Santana) (Araujo & Bueno, 1998Araujo, P. B. & Bueno, A. 1998. Novos registros de isópodos terrestres do sul do Brasil: Porcellionidae e Trichoniscidae (Crustacea, Oniscidea). Nauplius 6:185-186.).
Distribution. Southern and central USA, Mexico and Brazil where it is probably introduced (Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425).
Styloniscidae
Styloniscus Dana, 1852Dana, J. D. 1852. On the classification of the Crustacea Choristopoda or Tetradecapoda. The American Journal of Science and Arts 14(2):297-316.
Styloniscus spinosus ( Patience, 1907Patience, A. 1907. On a new British terrestrial isopod. Journal of the Linnean Society London, Zoology 30:42-44. )
(Figs 1-5)
Trichoniscus spinosusPatience, 1907Patience, A. 1907. On a new British terrestrial isopod. Journal of the Linnean Society London, Zoology 30:42-44.:85, pl. III.
Cordioniscus spinosus: Vandel, 1933Vandel, A. 1933. Liste des espèces de Trichoniscidae (crustacés - isopodes) signalées jusqu‘ici en France. Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Générale 75:35-54.:44.
Styloniscus spinosus; Vandel, 1952Vandel, A. 1952. Les trichoniscides (crustacés - isopodes) de l’hémisphère austral. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 6: 1 -116.:52, figs 45-47; Barnard, 1958: 74; Arcangeli, 1961Arcangeli, A. 1961. Spigolature di critica sopra la posizione sistematica di alcuni Crostacei Isopodi terrestri. Bollettino di Zoologia 28:337-346.:344; Strouhal, 1961Strouhal, H. 1961. Die Oniscoideen-Fauna der Juan Fernández-Inseln (Crustacea, Isopoda terrestria). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 64: 185-244.:194; Barnard, 1964Barnard, K. 1964. The terrestrial Isopoda and Amphipoda of the Mascarene Islands. Bulletin of the Mauritius Institute 6:49-60.:51; Ferrara & Taiti, 1979Ferrara, F. & Taiti, S. 1979. A check-list of terrestrial isopods from Africa (south of the Sahara). Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Nuova Serie, Supplemento 12:89-215.:99; Taiti & Ferrara, 1983Taiti, S. & Ferrara, F. 1983. Su alcuni isopodi terrestri della Réunion, di Mauritius e delle Seychelles. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 90: 199-231.:200; Harding & Sutton, 1985Harding, P. & Sutton, S. 1985. Woodlice in Britain and Ireland: Distribution and habitat. Huntingdon, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology. 152p.:15; Taiti & Howarth, 1996Taiti, S. & Howarth, F. 1996. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Oniscidea) from Hawaiian caves. Mémoires de Biospéologie 24:97-118.:60; Magrini et al., 2010Magrini, M. J.; Araujo, P. B. & Uehara-Prado, M. 2010. Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea Latreille, 1802: new continent record and distribution extension in Brazil. Checklist 6(2):217-219.: 216, 2011Magrini, M. J.; Freitas, A. V. L. & Uehara-Prado, M. 2011. The effects of four types of anthropogenic disturbances on composition and abundance of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Zoologia 28(1):63-71.: 65.
Styloniscus spinosus (Patience, 1907Patience, A. 1907. On a new British terrestrial isopod. Journal of the Linnean Society London, Zoology 30:42-44.), ♂: 1, antennula; 2, pereopod 7; 3, pereopod 7 dactylus; 4, pleopods 1-3; 5, genital papilla, distal portion. Scale bars: 1, 3: 20 (m; 2: 50 (m; 4: 100 (m; 5: 10 (m.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Paraná: 5♀, Matinhos, São João da Graciosa, Serra da Graciosa, Graciosa road, 25°21’35”S 48°53’01”W, 10.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., not impacted area (UFRGS 5561); 13♂, 6♀, Matinhos, PARNAT Saint-Hilaire Lang, PR 508 road, 25°38’39”S 48°36’04”W, 10.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., not impacted area, in leaf litter, in woods (UFRGS 5559). Santa Catarina: 5♂, 5♀, Rancho Queimado, Bauer Hotel, 27°40’57”S 49°02’41”W, 25.VI.2012, impacted area, in woods and kitchen garden (UFRGS 5570).
Previous Brazilian records. São Paulo: Núcleo Santa Vírginia, Parque das Neblinas and REBIO Paranapiacaba (Magrini et al., 2010Magrini, M. J.; Araujo, P. B. & Uehara-Prado, M. 2010. Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea Latreille, 1802: new continent record and distribution extension in Brazil. Checklist 6(2):217-219.).
Distribution. Mauritius, Réunion, Madagascar, Hawaii, Brazil (São Paulo, Santa Catarina and Paraná) and greenhouses in Great Britain.
Philosciidae
Androdeloscia Leistikow, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.
Remarks. To date, Androdeloscia includes 25 Neotropical species recorded from Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonian region), Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela (Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.; Schmidt & Leistikow, 2005Schmidt, C. & Leistikow, A. 2005. Review of the genus Androdeloscia Leistikow, with description of four new species (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea). Entomologische Abhandlungen 62(2): 117-163.; Grangeiro & Souza, 2006Souza, L. A.; Bezerra, A. V. & Araújo, J. P. 2006. The first troglobitic species of Scleropactidae from Brazil (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Subterranean Biology 4:37-43.; Grangeiro & Christoffersen, 2010Grangeiro, D. C. & Christoffersen, M. L. 2010. A new species of Androdeloscia (Isopoda: Philosciidae) from the Brazilian Amazon. Revista Nordestina de Biologia 19(2):77-93.; López-Orosco et al., 2016López-Orosco, C. M.; Carpio-Díaz, Y. M.; Suárez, G. R. N. & Campos-Filho, I. S. 2016. A new species and first record of Androdeloscia (Oniscidea: Philosciidae) from Colombia. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 52(1):1-7. ). The genus is mainly defined by the reduced body length, antennula with many aesthetascs inserted in one lateral set plus apical pair, antennal flagellum of three articles with apical organ as long as distal article of flagellum, noduli laterales with d/c coordinates showing a peak on pereonite 4, male pleopod 1 exopod rounded and endopod stout bearing a complex distal structure, male pleopod 2 endopod extremely elongated, and male pleopod 5 exopod grooved on medial margin with pectinate scales to accommodate pleopod 2 endopod (Leistikow, 1999Leistikow, A. 1999. Androdeloscia gen. n., a new genus of South American terrestrial isopods with description of 13 new species (Crustacea: Oniscidea: “Philosciidae”). Revue Suisse de Zoologie 106:813-904., 2001Leistikow, A. 2001. Phylogeny and biogeography of South American Crinocheta, traditionally placed in the family “Philosciidae” (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea). Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 4:1-85.; Schmidt & Leistikow, 2005Schmidt, C. & Leistikow, A. 2005. Review of the genus Androdeloscia Leistikow, with description of four new species (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea). Entomologische Abhandlungen 62(2): 117-163.).
Androdeloscia lejeunei ( Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986Lemos de Castro, A. & Souza, L. A. 1986. Três espécies novas de isópodes terretres do gênero Prosekia Vandel da Amazônia Brasileira (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 46(2):429-438. )
Prosekia lejeuneiLemos de Castro & Souza, 1986Lemos de Castro, A. & Souza, L. A. 1986. Três espécies novas de isópodes terretres do gênero Prosekia Vandel da Amazônia Brasileira (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 46(2):429-438.:432, figs 13-26; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:662; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:22; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:216.
Androdeloscia lejeunei; Leistikow, 2001Leistikow, A. & Araujo, P. B. 2001. Morphology of respiratory organs in South American Oniscidea (“Philosciidae”). In: KENSLEY, B. & BRUSCA, R. C. ed. Isopod systematics and evolution. Crustacean Issues 13:329-336.:6.
Androdeloscia lejeunei (Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986), ♂: 6, adult specimen, dorsal view; 7, dorsal scale-seta; 8, b/c and d/c coordinates of noduli laterales; cephalon: 9, dorsal view; 10, frontal view; 11, right epimeron of pereonite 1; 12, pleonites 3-5 and telson; 13, antennula; 14, antenna.
Androdeloscia lejeunei (Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986), ♂: 15, left mandible; 16, right mandible; 17, maxillula; 18, maxilla; 19, maxilliped; 20, uropod.
Androdeloscia lejeunei (Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986), ♂: 21, pereopod 1; 22, pereopod 7; 23, pleopod 1; 24, pleopod 2; 25, pleopod 3 exopod; 26, pleopod 4 exopod; 27, pleopod 5 exopod.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Pará: 2♂, 2♀, Belém, Campus MPEG, 30.IV.2014, J. T. Lisboa col. (MZUF 9645); many ♂ and ♀, Belém, Campus MPEG, 19.IX.2014, J. T. Lisboa col. (MZUF 9646).
Previous Brazilian records. Pará: Belém, Park of MPEG (Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986Lemos de Castro, A. & Souza, L. A. 1986. Três espécies novas de isópodes terretres do gênero Prosekia Vandel da Amazônia Brasileira (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 46(2):429-438.).
Redescription. Maximum body length: ♂ 2.5 mm; ♀ 3.5 mm. Color light brown; pereon with unpigmented spots on paramedian region, epimera more pigmented; pleon pigmented with some unpigmented spots on pleonites 1-3. Body elongated (Fig. 6), pereonites 1-4 with posterior corners right-angled and posterior margins straight, 5-7 gradually more actue and concave; pleon narrower than pereon with epimera reduced(Fig. 12); dorsum covered with triangular scale-setae (Fig. 7). Noduli laterales very long (Fig. 11), b/c and d/c coordinates as in Fig. 8. Cephalon (Figs 9, 10) with lateral lobes slightly developed, without frontal line, suprantennal line almost straight; eyes with eight ommatidia. Telson (Fig. 12) triangular, lateral sides almost straight, apex obtuse. Antennula (Fig. 13) of three articles, distal article slightly longer than wide, one set of many aesthetascs inserted subapically plus apical pair. Antenna (Fig. 14) with flagellum of three articles subequal in length, medial and distal articles bearing lateral aesthetascs; apical organ as long as distal flagellar article with two small free sensilla. Mandible (Figs 15, 16) with molar penicil dichotomized, consisting of six or seven setae, left mandible with 2+1 penicils, right with 1+1. Maxillula (Fig. 17) inner endite with two long penicils; outer endite with 4+6 teeth (four apically cleft) plus accessory tooth. Maxilla (Fig. 18) outer lobe about twice as wide as inner lobe. Maxilliped (Fig. 19) endite with two triangular setae on distal margin, and short penicil near medial corner. Pereopod 1 carpus with antennal grooming brush slightly transverse, distal seta with double-serrate apex; carpus 1-7 with distal fringe of scales. Pleopod exopods without respiratory areas. Uropod (Fig. 20) grooved on outer margin bearing glandular pores, exopod longer than endopod, endopod inserted proximally.
Male: pereopods with no sexual modifications (Figs 21, 22). Pleopod 1 (Fig. 23) exopod rounded with outer distal margin slightly concave; endopod with distal part bent outwards with two apical points, inner margin bearing small setae, outer margin bearing strong and short setae. Pleopod 2 (Fig. 24) exopod triangular, outer margin almost straight bearing one subapical seta, distal part slightly bent outwards; endopod flagelliform, about twice as long as exopod. Pleopod 3 and 4 exopods as in Figs 25, 26. Pleopod 5 exopod (Fig. 27) triangular, outer margin with subapical seta.
Remarks. Androdeloscia lejeunei is easily distinguished from their congeners by the shape of the male pleopod 1 endopod with a double pointed apex.
Distribution. Androdeloscia lejeunei is recorded from the states of Pará and Tocantins, Brazil.
Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981Ferrara, F. & Taiti, S. 1981. Terrestrial isopods from Ascension Island. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Nuova Serie, Supplemento 13:189-198.
Atlantoscia floridana ( Van Name, 1940Van Name, W. G. 1940. A supplement to the American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77: 109-142. )
Philoscia floridanaVan Name, 1940Van Name, W. G. 1940. A supplement to the American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77: 109-142.:113, fig. 4.
Philoscia sp.; Schultz, 1961Schultz, G. A. 1961. Cubaris murina Brandt, an isopod crustacean new to the United States. Crustaceana 3(2): 169-170.:170, 1963Schultz, G. A. 1963. Trichorhina donaldsoni, new species, a terrestrial isopod crustacean from Florida. American Midland Naturalist 69(2):435-440.:439; Duffey, 1964Duffey, E. 1964. The terrestrial ecology of Ascension Island. Journal of Applied Ecology 1:209-251.:249.
Chaetophiloscia paulensis; Vandel, 1963Vandel, A. 1963. Isopodes terrestres recueillis en Amerique du Sud par Claude Delamare Deboutteville. In: Debouteville, C. D. & Rapoport, E. H. eds. Biologie de l’Amerique Austral. Paris, CNRS, CNIT. vol. 2, p.63- 100.:74, figs 7, 8, 1968Vandel, A. 1968. Isopodes terrestres. In: Institut Royal des Sciences de Belgique, ed. Mission Zoologique Belge aux Îles Galapagos et en Ecuador (N. et J. Leleup, 1964-65). Brussels, Musee Royale l’Afrique Centrale. vol. 1 , p.37-168.:68, 1977Vandel, A. 1977. La faune terrestre de l‘Île de Sainte-Hélène. 4me partie. 1 . Isopodes terrestres. Annales du Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Sciences Zoologiques 220:385-426.:388; Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.:11.
Philoscia bonita; Schultz, 1964Schultz, G. A. 1964. Philoscia bonita, a new species of isopod crustacean from Florida. American Midland Naturalist 71(1): 156-160.:156, figs 1-27.
Atlantoscia alceui; Ferrara & Taiti, 1981Ferrara, F. & Taiti, S. 1981. Terrestrial isopods from Ascension Island. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Nuova Serie, Supplemento 13:189-198.:190, figs 1-4; Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.:418, figs 1-16.
Ocelloscia floridana; Schultz & Johnson, 1984Schultz, G. A. & Johnson, C. 1984. Terrestrial isopod crustaceans from Florida (Oniscoidea). Tylidae, Ligiidae, Halophilosciidae, Philosciidae, and Rhyscotidae. Journal of Crustacean Biology 4(1): 154-171.:161, figs 4, 5 and 11; Johnson, 1986Johnson, C. 1986. Parthenogenetic reproduction in the philosciid isopod, Ocelloscia floridana (Van Name, 1940). Crustaceana 51(2):123-132.:123, figs 2 and 3.
Atlantoscia floridana; Taiti & Ferrara, 1991Taiti, S. & Ferrara, F. 1991. Two new species of terrestrial Isopoda (Crustacea, Oniscidea) from Ascension Island. Journal of Natural History 25:901-916.:902, figs 1-15; Araujo et al., 1996Araujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.:115, figs 11-14 and 64; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:658; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:13; Araujo & Leistikow, 1999Araujo, P. B. & Leistikow, A. 1999. Philosciids with pleopodal lungs from Brazil, with description of a new species (Crustacea, Isopoda). Contributions to Zoology 68(2):109-141.:117, figs 6-10; Leistikow, 2001Leistikow, A. 2001. Phylogeny and biogeography of South American Crinocheta, traditionally placed in the family “Philosciidae” (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea). Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 4:1-85.:6; Leistikow & Araujo, 2001Leistikow, A. & Araujo, P. B. 2001. Morphology of respiratory organs in South American Oniscidea (“Philosciidae”). In: KENSLEY, B. & BRUSCA, R. C. ed. Isopod systematics and evolution. Crustacean Issues 13:329-336.:330, fig. 1, plate 1a,b; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:49; Araujo & Bond-Buckup, 2004Araujo, P. B. & Bond-Buckup, G. 2004. Growth curve of Atlantoscia floridana (van Name) (Crustacea, Isopoda, Philosciidae) from a Brazilian Restinga Forest. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 21:1-8.:1, figs 2-6, tables 1-3; Araujo et al., 2004aAraujo, P. B.; Augusto, M. M. & Bond-Buckup, G. 2004a. Postmarsupial development of Atlantoscia floridana (van Name, 1940) (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea): the manca stages. Journal of Natural History 38:951-965.:952, figs 1-46, tables 1 and 2, 2004bAraujo, P. B.; Quadros, A. F.; Augusto, M. M. & Bond-Buckup, G. 2004b. Postmarsupial development of Atlantoscia floridana (Van Name, 1940) (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea): sexual differentiation and size at onset of sexual maturity. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 45(3):221-230.:222, figs 2-30, tables 1-3; Araujo & Bond-Buckup, 2005Araujo, P. B. & Bond-Buckup, G. 2005. Population structure and reproductive biology of Atlantoscia floridana in Southern Brazil (Crustacea, Isopoda). Acta Oecologica 28:289-298.:290, figs 3-11, tables 1-5; Lopes et al., 2005Lopes, E. R. C.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Bond-Buckup, G. & Araujo, P. B. 2005. Oniscidea diversity across three environments in an altitudinal gradient in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. European Journal of Soil Biology 41:99-107.:101, table 1; Almerão et al., 2006Almerão, M. P.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Quadros, A. F.; Pedó, E.; Silva, L. G. R. & Araujo, P. B. 2006. Terrestrial isopod diversity in the subtropical Neotropics: Itapuã State Park, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 96(4):473-477.:474, fig. 4; Quadros & Araujo, 2007Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2007. Ecological traits of two neotropical oniscideans (Crustacea: Isopoda). Acta Zoologica Sinica 53:241-249.:242, figs 1-3, tables 1, 2; 2008Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2008. An assemblage of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea) in southern Brazil and its contribution to leaf litter processing. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25:58-66.:59, figs 1, 2, tables 1-5; Quadros et al., 2009Quadros, A. F.; Caubet, Y. & Araujo, P. B. 2009. Life history comparison of two terrestrial isopods in relation to habitat specialization. Acta Oecologica 35:243-249.:244, figs 1, 3, tables 1, 2; Quadros, 2010Quadros, A. F. 2010. Os isópodos terrestres são boas ferramentas para monitorar e restaurar áreas impactadas por metais pesados no Brasil? Oecologia Australis 14:569-583.:573, fig. 1; Zimmermann et al., 2012Zimmermann, B. L.; Almerão, M. P.; Bouchon, D. & Araujo, P. B. 2012. Detection of Wolbachia (Alphaproteobacteria: Rickettsiales) in three species of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 43(2):711-715.:712, fig. 1, table 1; 2015aZimmermann, B. L.; Campos-Filho, I. S.; Deprá, M. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Neotropical genus Atlantoscia (Oniscidea, Philosciidae): DNA barcoding and description of two new species. Zoologica l Journal of the Linnean Society 174:702-717.:702, figs 5, 6, tables 1-3; 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.:3, fig. 2, tables 1, 2; Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.:464, fig. 12a; Wood et al., 2017Wood, C. T.; Kostanjšeka, R.; Araujo, P. B. & Štrus, J. 2017. Morphology, microhabitat selection and life-history traits of two sympatric woodlice (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea): a comparative analysis. Zoologischer Anzeiger 268: 1-10 :4, figs 4-7.
nec Philoscia paulensis; Moreira, 1927Moreira, C. 1927. Duas espécies novas de crustáceos isópodes terrestres do Brasil. Boletim Biológico (São Paulo) 10:194-200.:194, figs 1-3; Moreira, 1931Moreira, C. 1931. Crustacés isopodes terrestres du Brésil. Bulletin de la Societé Zoologique de France 56:426-433.:426, fig. 1; Lemos de Castro, 1958aLemos de Castro, A. 1958a. On the systematic position of some American species of Philoscia Latreille (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). American Museum Novitates 13:10.:7; Lemos de Castro, 1976Lemos de Castro, A. 1976. Considerações sobre a sinonímia e a distribuição geográfica de Balloniscus sellowii (Brandt, 1833) (Isopoda, Balloniscidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 36:391-396.:391.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Bahia: ♂, Barra do Jacuípe, 15.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & P. B. Araujo col. (UFRGS 5833); 2♂, 3♀, Mata de São João, near to Police station, 15.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5837); 4♂, 4♀, Ilhéus, Campus UESC, 14°47’56”S, 39°10’20”W, 09.VII.2012, J. T. Lisboa col., in woods, near of bus stop (UFRGS 5694); 2♀, Ilhéus, Campus UESC, 30.VII.2012, J. T. Lisboa col., in Theobroma cacao, in Bryophytes (UFRGS 5705); many ♂ and ♀, Itapé, 14°55’08”S, 39°27’43”W, 17.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5829); many ♂ and ♀, Itajú-Itapé, 15°01’58”S, 39°36’15”W, 17.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5828). Espírito Santo: many ♂ and ♀, São Mateus, 18°44’53”S, 39°51’53”W, 11.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5899); many ♂ and ♀, Linhares, 19°25’45”S, 40°05’12”W, 11.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5902); ♂, 3♀, Santa Tereza, 19°56’29”S, 40°34’56”W, 12.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5903); ♂, Santa Tereza, 19°56’29”S, 40°34’56”W, 12.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5913); many ♂ and ♀, Cariacica, 20°14’29”S, 40°25’02”W, 13.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5901); ♂, Domingos Martins, 20°22’32”S, 40°35’33”W, 13.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5918). Minas Gerais: 2♂, 5♀, Haras Pousada Raíz Mineira, 12.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5709); ♂, ♀, Areado, 21°25’13”S, 46°09’43”W, 11.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col., in coffee monoculture, near of Furnas dike (UFRGS 5706); 3♂, 6♀, 1 manca, Campanha, 21°49’52”S, 45°35’32”W, 07.VI.2013, at 932 meters, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col., in bromeliads (UFRGS 5608); ♀, Heliodora, 21°52’52”S, 45°33’10”W, 07.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5681); many ♂ and ♀, Heliodora, 07.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5742); ♀, Pedralva, 22°12’03”S, 45°25’17”W, 07.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5682); ♀, Itamonte, 22°20’44”S, 44°48’52”W, 07.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5906). Rio de Janeiro: ♂, 4♀, PARNA Itatiaia, 22°27’45”S, 44°35’32”W, at 568 meters, 09.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col., in woods (UFRGS 5698); many ♂ and ♀, Buzios, Praia João Fernandez, 22°44’21”S, 41°52’29”W, 08.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5895); 5♂, 3♀, Buzios, Praia da Tartaruga, 22°45’20”S, 41°54’05”W, 08.III.2013, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5896); many ♂ and ♀, Buzios, Praia do Peró, 22°52’01”S, 41°59’06”W, 08.III.2013, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5897); many ♂ and ♀, Cabo Frio, Praia das Conchas, 22°52’20”S, 41°58’59”W, 08.III.2013, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5900); ♂, 7♀, PARNA Itatiaia, 22°45’43”S, 44°37’11”W, at 1158 meters, 09.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col., in Atlantic forest (UFRGS 5698); 3♀, Saquarema, 22°55’28”S, 42°26’24”W, 08.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5898). São Paulo: 3♂, 4♀, 1 juvenile, Mongaguá, 24°05’04”S, 46°36’37”W, 03.XII.2013, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5954); ♂, ♀, Itariri, 24°18’21”S, 47°07’48”W, 03.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5955); 5♂, 6♀, Iguape, 24°34’10”S, 47°32’55”W, 03.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5960); ♂, ♀, 1 juvenile, Iguape, 24°42’48”S, 47°47’09”W, 02.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5956); ♂, 2♀, 1 juvenile, Iguape, 24°45’48”S, 47°32’47”W, 03.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5958); ♂, 2♀, 4 juveniles, Itapoá, 25°08’58”S, 48°38’20”W, 01.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5961); 3♂, 4♀, 4 juveniles, Guaraqueçaba, 25°16’46”S, 48°43’41”W, 02.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5952); 2♀, 3 juveniles, Guaraqueçaba, 02.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5963); many ♂, ♀, Imbituba, Morro Mirim, 28°14’40”S, 48°41’53”W, 30.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5953). Mato Grosso do Sul: 7♂, 6♀, Jardim, RPPN Rio da Prata, 21°27’41”S, 56°26’23”W, 13.XI.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 6010). Paraná: 2♂, 2♀, 2 juveniles, Morretes, 25°22’S, 48°51’15”W, 02.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5951); 2♀, Morretes, 25°26’46”S, 48°46’05”W, 10.VIII/.012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., in bulding, near to the road (UFRGS 5536); many ♂ and ♀, Morretes, 25°31’35”S, 48°47’16”W, 01.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5959); ♂, 2♀, Matinhos, PARNAT Saint-Hilaire, PR 508 road, 25°38’39”S, 48°36’04”W, 10.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., in leaf litter and woods (UFRGS 5558); 6♂, 10♀, 1 juvenile, Matinhos, 25°42’21”S, 48°34’19”W, 01.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5957); ♂, Lapa, PE do Monge, 25°46’55”S, 49°41’49”W, 11.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., area with restaurants, in woods (UFRGS 5555); 3♂, Lapa, PE do Monge, 11.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col. (UFRGS 5619); ♀, Curitiba, 26°26’S 49°14’W, 13.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col. (UFRGS 5558). Santa Catarina: 9♂, 5♀, Joinville, 26°17’31”S, 48°53’42”W, 01.XII.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho col. (UFRGS 5962); 6♂, 5♀, Corupá, 26°25’23”S, 49°14’46”W, 27.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., under Palm tree leaves (UFRGS 5366); 5♀, Blumenau, Parque das Nascentes, 27°03’27”S, 49°05’10”W, 27.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., open vegetation cover, in bromeliads (UFRGS 5588); 9♂, 11♀, Blumenau, Parque das Nascentes, 27.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col. (UFRGS 5618); ♀, Rancho Queimado, Bauer Hotel, 27°40’57”S, 49°02’41”W, 25.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., site with many roots, in bromeliads (UFRGS 5574); ♂, ♀, Rancho Queimado, Bauer Hotel, 25.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col. (UFRGS 5616); ♂, ♀, Santa Rosa de Lima, 27°59’17”S, 49°06’45”W, 25.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., near of pasture, in woods, dense vegetation cover, many roots (UFRGS 5579); 2♀, Santa Rosa de Lima, 27°59’33”S, 49°06’48”W, 25.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col. (UFRGS 5613); 2♂, 2♀, Santa Rosa de Lima, 25.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col. (UFRGS 5679); 2♂, 3♀, Orleans, Real Nob Hotel, 28°21’17”S, 49°16’29”W, 24.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., litter with many roots, in bromeliads (UFRGS 5563). Rio Grande do Sul: many ♂ and ♀, Rio da Várzea, abandoned house, 26.VII.2013, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5733).
Previous Brazilian records. Pará: Park of MPEG (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.). Rio Grande do Norte: Macaíba (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.). Paraíba: João Pessoa (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.). Pernambuco: Moreno (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.). Sergipe: Santo Amaro das Brotas (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.). Bahia: Abrolhos Archipelagous and Salvador (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.); REBIO de Una (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.). Minas Gerais: Lagoa Santa and Leopoldina (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.); Barão de Cocais, Lagoa Santa, Manhuaçu and Santana do Riacho (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.); Varginha (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.). Espírito Santo: Santa Cruz and Santa Tereza (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.); Guarapari (PE Paulo César Vinha), Ibitirama, Meaípe and Santa Leopoldina (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.). Rio de Janeiro: Restinga de Jacarepaguá and Petrópolis (Vandel, 1963Vandel, A. 1963. Isopodes terrestres recueillis en Amerique du Sud par Claude Delamare Deboutteville. In: Debouteville, C. D. & Rapoport, E. H. eds. Biologie de l’Amerique Austral. Paris, CNRS, CNIT. vol. 2, p.63- 100.); Maringá, Ilha de Itacuruçá, PARNA Serra dos Órgãos, Planalto do Itatiaia and REBIO de Jacarepaguá (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.). São Paulo: Baruerí, Jacareí and Ubatuba (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.); Campinas (PE Emílio José Salim), Iguape, Ilha do Cardoso, Microbacia do Rio Quilombo, Miracatu, Peruíbe (EE Juréia Itatins), PE Cantareira, PE Jacupiranga and São Paulo (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.). Paraná: Paranaguá (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.); Curitiba, Morretes (PE Pau Oco) and Toledo (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.); Curitiba and Foz do Iguaçu (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.). Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Itajaí and Seara (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.); Blumenau, Corupá, Orleans, Rio Fortuna and São João Batista (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.). Rio Grande do Sul: Guaíba (Lemos de Castro, 1985Lemos de Castro, A. 1985. Considerações sobre Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Isopoda, Oniscoidea, Philosciidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 45(3):417-422.); REBIO Lami, Porto Alegre (Araujo & Bond, 2004Araujo, P. B. & Bond-Buckup, G. 2004. Growth curve of Atlantoscia floridana (van Name) (Crustacea, Isopoda, Philosciidae) from a Brazilian Restinga Forest. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 21:1-8.); Barra do Ouro and Rincão dos Kroeff (Lopes et al., 2005Lopes, E. R. C.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Bond-Buckup, G. & Araujo, P. B. 2005. Oniscidea diversity across three environments in an altitudinal gradient in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. European Journal of Soil Biology 41:99-107.); PE Itapuã, Porto Alegre (Almerão et al., 2006Almerão, M. P.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Quadros, A. F.; Pedó, E.; Silva, L. G. R. & Araujo, P. B. 2006. Terrestrial isopod diversity in the subtropical Neotropics: Itapuã State Park, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 96(4):473-477.; Quadros & Araujo, 2007Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2007. Ecological traits of two neotropical oniscideans (Crustacea: Isopoda). Acta Zoologica Sinica 53:241-249., 2008Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2008. An assemblage of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea) in southern Brazil and its contribution to leaf litter processing. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25:58-66.; Quadros et al., 2009Quadros, A. F.; Caubet, Y. & Araujo, P. B. 2009. Life history comparison of two terrestrial isopods in relation to habitat specialization. Acta Oecologica 35:243-249.); Morro Santana and Belém Novo, Porto Alegre (Zimmermann et al., 2012Zimmermann, B. L.; Almerão, M. P.; Bouchon, D. & Araujo, P. B. 2012. Detection of Wolbachia (Alphaproteobacteria: Rickettsiales) in three species of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 43(2):711-715., 2015aZimmermann, B. L.; Campos-Filho, I. S.; Deprá, M. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Neotropical genus Atlantoscia (Oniscidea, Philosciidae): DNA barcoding and description of two new species. Zoologica l Journal of the Linnean Society 174:702-717.); Arroio do Sal, Arroio Teixeira, Barra do Ouro, Dom Pedro de Alcântra, Itapeva (Torres) , Maquiné, Morrinhos do Sul, Morro Azul, Porto Alegre (REBIO Lami), Rincão dos Kroeff, Rondinha, São Francisco de Paula, Terra de Areia and Três Passos (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.); Arroio do Sal, Barra do Ribeiro, Mariana Pimentel, Mostardas and Torres (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.).
Distribution. Coastal regions of Florida, Brazil, Argentina, Ascension and St. Helena Island (Schmalfuss 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.).
Atlantoscia ituberasensis Campos-Filho, Lisboa & Araujo, 2013Lisboa, J. T.; Couto, E. C. G.; Santos, P. P.; Delabie, J. H. C. & Araujo, P. B. 2013. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) in termite nests (Blattodea: Termitidae) in a cocoa plantation in Brazil. Biota Neotropica 13(3):393-397.
Atlantoscia ituberasensisCampos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.:466, figs 1-5, 12c; Zimmermann et al., 2015aZimmermann, B. L.; Campos-Filho, I. S.; Deprá, M. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Neotropical genus Atlantoscia (Oniscidea, Philosciidae): DNA barcoding and description of two new species. Zoologica l Journal of the Linnean Society 174:702-717.:702, figs 5, 6, tables 1-3.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Bahia: ♀, Camacã, BR-101 road, 15°28’01”S, 39°26’33”W, 20.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5834).
Previous Brazilian records. Bahia: Ituberá (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.); Ituberá and Santa Cruz da Vitória (Zimmermann et al., 2015aZimmermann, B. L.; Campos-Filho, I. S.; Deprá, M. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Neotropical genus Atlantoscia (Oniscidea, Philosciidae): DNA barcoding and description of two new species. Zoologica l Journal of the Linnean Society 174:702-717.).
Distribution. This species is recorded only from the state of Bahia, Brazil.
Atlantoscia rubromarginata Araujo & Leistikow, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.
Atlantoscia rubromarginataAraujo & Leistikow, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:110, figs 1-5; Leistikow, 2001:6; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:49; Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.:466, fig. 12b; Lisboa et al., 2013Lisboa, J. T.; Couto, E. C. G.; Santos, P. P.; Delabie, J. H. C. & Araujo, P. B. 2013. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) in termite nests (Blattodea: Termitidae) in a cocoa plantation in Brazil. Biota Neotropica 13(3):393-397.:394, fig. 1b; Zimmermann et al., 2015aZimmermann, B. L.; Campos-Filho, I. S.; Deprá, M. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Neotropical genus Atlantoscia (Oniscidea, Philosciidae): DNA barcoding and description of two new species. Zoologica l Journal of the Linnean Society 174:702-717.:702, figs 5, 6, tables 1-3; 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.:3, table 1.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Pará: many ♂ and ♀, Belém, Campus MPEG, 01°27’09”S, 48°28’35”W, 19.IX.2014, J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 6007). Bahia: 3♀, Travessão, APA Camamu, 14°08’31”S, 39°17’29”W, 18.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5830); ♂, Maraúvis, 14°10’02”S, 39°05’37”W, 18.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5826); ♂, ♀, Itabuna, BR-101 road, 14°52’52”S, 39°16’57”W, 20.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5836); many ♂ and ♀, Una, Ilha do Desejo, 15°05’02”S, 38°59’57”W, 19.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5838); ♂, ♀, São José da Vitória, 15°07’23”S, 39°22’29”W, 20.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5832); ♂, ♀, Una, REBIO Una, 15°10’08”S, 39°00’03”W, 19.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5835); ♂, Canavieiras, 15°29’01”S, 38°59’48”W, 19.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5831).
Previous Brazilian records. Alagoas: REBIO Pedra Talhada, Quebrangulo (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.). Sergipe: Areia Branca (PARNA Serra Itabaiana) and Santa Luzia do Itanhy (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.). Bahia: Camacan (RPPN Serra Bonita), Canavieiras, Ibicaraí, Ilhéus (CEPLAC), Ituberá, Porto Seguro (PARNA Pau Brasil), Salvador and Una (Campos-Filho et al., 2013aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Lisboa, J. T. & Araujo, P. B. 2013 a. Review of Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae) with new records and new species. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 13:463-483.); Ilhéus and Santa Cruz da Vitória (Zimmermann et al., 2015aZimmermann, B. L.; Campos-Filho, I. S.; Deprá, M. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Neotropical genus Atlantoscia (Oniscidea, Philosciidae): DNA barcoding and description of two new species. Zoologica l Journal of the Linnean Society 174:702-717., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.).
Distribution. States of Alagoas, Sergipe, Pará and Bahia, northeastern Brazil.
Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908Budde-Lund, G. 1908. Isopoda von Madagaskar und Ostafrika mit Diagnosen verwandter Arten. In: Voeltzkow, A. ed. Reise in Ostafrika den Jahren 1903-1905, Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse. Stuttgart, E. Schwenzerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung. vol. 2, p. 265-308.
Benthana longipenis Lemos de Castro, 1958
Benthana longipenisLemos de Castro, 1958bLemos de Castro, A. 1958b. Revisão do gênero Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda, Oniscidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional 44:85-118.:109, figs 69-77; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:659; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:14; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:53; Campos-Filho et al., 2015aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Taiti, S. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomic revision of the genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae). Zootaxa 4022:1-73.:32, figs 19, 20, 25b.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: many ♂ and ♀, Eloi Mendes, G. M. Cardoso col. (MZUF 9647).
Previous Brazilian records. São Paulo: Lageado, Serra da Bocaina (Lemos de Castro, 1958bLemos de Castro, A. 1958b. Revisão do gênero Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda, Oniscidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional 44:85-118.). Minas Gerais: Caeté (Gruta AP-65 cave), Itamonte, Liberdade, Lima Duarte (PE do Ibitipoca) (Campos-Filho et al., 2015aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Taiti, S. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomic revision of the genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae). Zootaxa 4022:1-73.). Rio de Janeiro: Petrópolis and Planalto do Itatiaia (Agulhas Negras, Macieiras, Pedra da Tartaruga, Repouso Itatiaia) (Campos-Filho et al., 2015aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Taiti, S. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomic revision of the genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae). Zootaxa 4022:1-73.). São Paulo: Lajeado (Serra da Bocaina), São Bento do Sapucaí, São José do Barreiro (PARNA Serra da Bocaina), and Wenceslau Braz (Campos-Filho et al., 2015aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Taiti, S. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomic revision of the genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae). Zootaxa 4022:1-73.). Rio Grande do Sul: Erechim (Campos-Filho et al., 2015aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Taiti, S. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomic revision of the genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae). Zootaxa 4022:1-73.).
Distribution. States of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Benthana tupinamba Campos-Filho, Taiti & Araujo, 2015
Benthana tupinambaCampos-Filho et al., 2015aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Taiti, S. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomic revision of the genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae). Zootaxa 4022:1-73.:61, figs 39, 40, 43.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Bahia: 7♂, 2♀, Ilhéus, UESC, 14°47’45”S, 39°10’14”W, 25.VII.2013, J. T. Lisboa col. (MZUF 9648).
Previous Brazilian records. Bahia: Ilhéus (Campos-Filho et al., 2015aCampos-Filho, I. S.; Taiti, S. & Araujo, P. B. 2015 a. Taxonomic revision of the genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Philosciidae). Zootaxa 4022:1-73.)
Distribution. This species is known only from the type locality: Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.
Pseudotyphloscia Verhoeff, 1928Verhoeff, K. W. 1928. Über einige Isopoden der Zoologischen Staatssammlung in München. Zoologischer Anzeiger 76:25-36, 113-123.
Pseudotyphloscia alba ( Dollfus, 1898Dollfus, A. 1898. Isopodes terrestres des Indes neerlandaises. In: Weber, M. ed. Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in Niederlandisch Ost-Indien. Leiden, E.J. Brill, p.357-381. )
Philoscia albaDollfus, 1898Dollfus, A. 1898. Isopodes terrestres des Indes neerlandaises. In: Weber, M. ed. Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in Niederlandisch Ost-Indien. Leiden, E.J. Brill, p.357-381.:381, figs 29a-b, pl. 15, fig. 29; Herold, 1931Herold, W. 1931. Land-Isopoden von den Sunda-Inseln. Ausbeuten der Deutschen Limnologischen Expedition und der Sunda-Expedition Rensch. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement 9:306-93.:308.
Pseudotyphloscia pallidaVerhoeff, 1928Verhoeff, K. W. 1928. Über einige Isopoden der Zoologischen Staatssammlung in München. Zoologischer Anzeiger 76:25-36, 113-123.:223, figs 26-30.
Pseudotyphloscia alba: Green et al., 1990Green, A.; Ferrara, F. & Taiti, S. 1990. Terrestrial Isopoda from the Krakatau Islands, South Sumatra and West Java. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 50(2):417-436.:420, figs 2, 3; Taiti et al., 1992Taiti, S.; Ferrara, F. & Kwon, D. 1992. Terrestrial Isopoda from the Togian Islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Invertebrate Taxonomy 6:787-842.:790; Kwon & Taiti, 1993Kwon, D. H. & Taiti, S. 1993. Terrestrial Isopoda (Crustacea) from southern China, Macao and Honk Kong. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie A 490:1-83.:14; Gregory, 2014:7, fig. 2.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Paraná: many ♂ and ♀, Antonina, near of Nunes river, road to Guaraqueçaba, 25°20’48”S, 48°46’05”W, camping area, 10.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col. (MZUSP 35108); 3♂, 3♀, same data as previous (MZUF 9644). Minas Gerais: many ♂ and ♀, Heliodora, 21°52’52”S 45°33’10”W, 07.VI.2013, G. M. Cardoso & I. S. Campos-Filho col. (MZUSP 35109); 3♂, 3♀, same data as previous (MZUF 9643).
Remarks. Pseudotyphloscia was proposed by Verhoeff (1928Verhoeff, K. W. 1928. Über einige Isopoden der Zoologischen Staatssammlung in München. Zoologischer Anzeiger 76:25-36, 113-123.) to include P. pallida from Formosa. Green et al. (1990Green, A.; Ferrara, F. & Taiti, S. 1990. Terrestrial Isopoda from the Krakatau Islands, South Sumatra and West Java. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 50(2):417-436.) redefined the genus based on the type material of P. pallida and specimens from West Java and Krakatau Islands. The authors concluded that P. pallida is a junior synonym of Philoscia alba Dollfuss, 1898 from Celebes described by Dollfuss (1898Dollfus, A. 1898. Isopodes terrestres des Indes neerlandaises. In: Weber, M. ed. Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in Niederlandisch Ost-Indien. Leiden, E.J. Brill, p.357-381.) and transferred the species to Pseudotyphloscia. To date, Pseudotyphloscia includes only P. alba. The specimens from Brazil here examined indeed correspond to the description provided by Green et al. (1990)Green, A.; Ferrara, F. & Taiti, S. 1990. Terrestrial Isopoda from the Krakatau Islands, South Sumatra and West Java. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 50(2):417-436..
Distribution. Brazil, Southern China, glasshouses in England, Indonesia (Sulawesi, Java, Krakatau Is, Bali), Philippines, and Taiwan (Kwon & Taiti, 1993Kwon, D. H. & Taiti, S. 1993. Terrestrial Isopoda (Crustacea) from southern China, Macao and Honk Kong. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie A 490:1-83.; Gregory, 2014Gregory, S. J. 2014. Woodlice (Isopoda: Oniscidea) from the Eden Project, Cornwall, with descriptions of species new to Britain and poorly known British species. Bulletin of the British Myriapod and Isopod Group 27:3-26.).
Balloniscidae
Balloniscus Budde-Lund, 1908Budde-Lund, G. 1908. Isopoda von Madagaskar und Ostafrika mit Diagnosen verwandter Arten. In: Voeltzkow, A. ed. Reise in Ostafrika den Jahren 1903-1905, Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse. Stuttgart, E. Schwenzerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung. vol. 2, p. 265-308.
Balloniscus glaber Araujo & Zardo, 1995Araujo, P. B. & Zardo, C. M. L. 1995. Uma nova espécie de Balloniscus Budde-Lund (Crustacea, Isopoda, Balloniscidae) do Sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 12(4):785-790.
Balloniscus glaberAraujo & Zardo, 1995Araujo, P. B. & Zardo, C. M. L. 1995. Uma nova espécie de Balloniscus Budde-Lund (Crustacea, Isopoda, Balloniscidae) do Sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 12(4):785-790.:785, figs 1-17; Araujo, 1999Araujo, P. B. 1999. Subordem Oniscidea (Isópodos terrestres, “tatuzinhos”. In: Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. eds. Os crustáceos do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Ed. Universidade/UFRGS, p. 237-256:250, fig. 18; Lopes et al., 2005Lopes, E. R. C.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Bond-Buckup, G. & Araujo, P. B. 2005. Oniscidea diversity across three environments in an altitudinal gradient in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. European Journal of Soil Biology 41:99-107.:101, table 1; Almerão et al., 2006Almerão, M. P.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Quadros, A. F.; Pedó, E.; Silva, L. G. R. & Araujo, P. B. 2006. Terrestrial isopod diversity in the subtropical Neotropics: Itapuã State Park, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 96(4):473-477.:474, fig 4; Meinhardt et al., 2007Meinhardt, H.; Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2007. Growth curve of Balloniscus glaber Araujo & Zardo (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Parque Estadual de Itapuã, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 24(4):1108-1112.:1108, figs 1, 2, tables 1, 2; Quadros & Araujo, 2007Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2007. Ecological traits of two neotropical oniscideans (Crustacea: Isopoda). Acta Zoologica Sinica 53:241-249.:242, figs 1-3, tables 1, 2; 2008Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2008. An assemblage of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea) in southern Brazil and its contribution to leaf litter processing. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25:58-66.:59, figs 1, 2, tables 1-4; Quadros et al., 2009Quadros, A. F.; Caubet, Y. & Araujo, P. B. 2009. Life history comparison of two terrestrial isopods in relation to habitat specialization. Acta Oecologica 35:243-249.:244, figs 2, 3, tables 1, 2; Quadros, 2010Quadros, A. F. 2010. Os isópodos terrestres são boas ferramentas para monitorar e restaurar áreas impactadas por metais pesados no Brasil? Oecologia Australis 14:569-583.:573; Appel et al., 2011Appel, C.; Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2011. Marsupial extension in terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Nauplius 19(2):123-128.:125, table 1; Almerão et al., 2012Almerão, M. P.; Fagundes, N. J. R.; Araujo, P. B.; Verne, S.; Grandjean, F.; Bouchon, D. & Araújo, A. M. 2012. First record of Wolbachia in South American terrestrial isopods: prevalence and diversity in two species of Balloniscus (Crustacea, Oniscidea). Genetics and Molecular Biology 35(4):980-989.:981, fig. 2, tables 1, 2; Zimmermann et al., 2012Zimmermann, B. L.; Almerão, M. P.; Bouchon, D. & Araujo, P. B. 2012. Detection of Wolbachia (Alphaproteobacteria: Rickettsiales) in three species of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 43(2):711-715.:712; Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.:3, tables 1, 2; Kenne & Araujo, 2015Kenne, D. C. & Araujo, P. B. 2015. Balloniscus glaber (Crustacea, Isopoda, Balloniscidae), a habitat specialist species in a disturbed area of Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 105(4):430-438.:430, figs 1-7, tables 1, 2; Wood et al., 2017Wood, C. T.; Kostanjšeka, R.; Araujo, P. B. & Štrus, J. 2017. Morphology, microhabitat selection and life-history traits of two sympatric woodlice (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea): a comparative analysis. Zoologischer Anzeiger 268: 1-10 :4, figs 1-3, 7.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Santa Catarina: ♀, Florianópolis, Praia dos Ingleses, 27°26’S, 48°23’W, 23.X.2004, M. P. Almerão (4096). Rio Grande do Sul: many ♂ and ♀, Porto Alegre, Campus do Vale, 30°04’35”S, 51°07’28”W, 10.X.2011, B. L. Zimmermann col. (UFRGS 5150).
Previous Brazilian records. Rio Grande do Sul: Rio Grande and Sapucaia do Sul (Araujo & Zardo, 1995Araujo, P. B. & Zardo, C. M. L. 1995. Uma nova espécie de Balloniscus Budde-Lund (Crustacea, Isopoda, Balloniscidae) do Sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 12(4):785-790.); Rincão dos Kroeff and Barra do Ouro (Lopes et al., 2005Lopes, E. R. C.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Bond-Buckup, G. & Araujo, P. B. 2005. Oniscidea diversity across three environments in an altitudinal gradient in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. European Journal of Soil Biology 41:99-107.); PE Itapuã, Porto Alegre (Almerão et al., 2006Almerão, M. P.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Quadros, A. F.; Pedó, E.; Silva, L. G. R. & Araujo, P. B. 2006. Terrestrial isopod diversity in the subtropical Neotropics: Itapuã State Park, southern Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 96(4):473-477.; Quadros & Araujo, 2007Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2007. Ecological traits of two neotropical oniscideans (Crustacea: Isopoda). Acta Zoologica Sinica 53:241-249., 2008Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2008. An assemblage of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea) in southern Brazil and its contribution to leaf litter processing. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25:58-66.; Quadros et al., 2009Quadros, A. F.; Caubet, Y. & Araujo, P. B. 2009. Life history comparison of two terrestrial isopods in relation to habitat specialization. Acta Oecologica 35:243-249.); Águas Belas, Barra do Ribeiro, Cassino, Caxias do Sul, Cidreira, Colônia, Glorinha, Morro Santana, Mostardas, Palmeiras do Sul, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, São Lourenço do Sul, Tapes and Tavares, all municipalities located in Patos Lagoon region (Almerão et al., 2012Almerão, M. P.; Fagundes, N. J. R.; Araujo, P. B.; Verne, S.; Grandjean, F.; Bouchon, D. & Araújo, A. M. 2012. First record of Wolbachia in South American terrestrial isopods: prevalence and diversity in two species of Balloniscus (Crustacea, Oniscidea). Genetics and Molecular Biology 35(4):980-989.; Kenne & Araujo, 2015Kenne, D. C. & Araujo, P. B. 2015. Balloniscus glaber (Crustacea, Isopoda, Balloniscidae), a habitat specialist species in a disturbed area of Brazil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 105(4):430-438.); Mariana Pimentel, Mostardas and Porto Alegre (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.).
Remarks. In Brazil, Balloniscus is represented by two species, B. glaber and B. sellowii (Brandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.). B. glaber differs from B. sellowii in the color (three longitudinal pigmented rows, one centrally and one in each lateral margin in B. sellowii), telson with apical portion surpassing the distal margin of uropod protopod (not surpassing in B. sellowii), and shape of male pleopod 1 exopod with distal margin straight (rounded in B. sellowii) (Araujo & Zardo, 1995Araujo, P. B. & Zardo, C. M. L. 1995. Uma nova espécie de Balloniscus Budde-Lund (Crustacea, Isopoda, Balloniscidae) do Sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 12(4):785-790.).
Distribution. This species is recorded from the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Balloniscus sellowi ( Brandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193. )
Philoscia sellowiiBrandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.:43; Budde-Lund, 1879Budde-Lund, G. 1879. Prospectus generum specierumque Crustaceorum Isopodum Terrestrium. Copenhagen, Imprimerie de Jørgensen & Knudtzon. 10p.:2, 1885Budde-Lund, G. 1885. Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria per Familias et Genera et Species Descripta. Copenhagen, Nielsen & Lydiche.:218; Milne-Edwards, 1840Milne-Edwards, M. 1840. Ordre des isopodes. In: Histoire Naturelle des Crustacés, comprenant l’anatomie, la physiologie et la classficiation de ces animaux. Paris, Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret. Tome Troisième, p. 115-283.:164; Stuxberg, 1875:43.
Philoscia (Balloniscus) sellowii; Budde-Lund, 1908Budde-Lund, G. 1908. Isopoda von Madagaskar und Ostafrika mit Diagnosen verwandter Arten. In: Voeltzkow, A. ed. Reise in Ostafrika den Jahren 1903-1905, Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse. Stuttgart, E. Schwenzerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung. vol. 2, p. 265-308.:289, pl. XVI, fig. 3; Van Name, 1936Van Name, W. G. 1936. The American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 71:1-535.:136.
Philoscia paulensis; Moreira, 1927Moreira, C. 1927. Duas espécies novas de crustáceos isópodes terrestres do Brasil. Boletim Biológico (São Paulo) 10:194-200.:194, figs 1-3; 1931Moreira, C. 1931. Crustacés isopodes terrestres du Brésil. Bulletin de la Societé Zoologique de France 56:426-433.:426, figs 1-8.
Balloniscus sellowii; Lemos de Castro, 1972Lemos de Castro, A. 1972. Contribuições ao conhecimento da fauna do Arquipélago de Abrolhos. 3. Isópodos terrestres. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 44:357.:357; 1976Lemos de Castro, A. 1976. Considerações sobre a sinonímia e a distribuição geográfica de Balloniscus sellowii (Brandt, 1833) (Isopoda, Balloniscidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 36:391-396.:392, figs 1-13; Araujo et al., 1996Araujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.:120, figs 22-27, 65; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:654; Araujo, 1999Araujo, P. B. 1999. Subordem Oniscidea (Isópodos terrestres, “tatuzinhos”. In: Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. eds. Os crustáceos do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Ed. Universidade/UFRGS, p. 237-256:249, fig. 17; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:31; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:51; Lopes et al., 2005Lopes, E. R. C.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Bond-Buckup, G. & Araujo, P. B. 2005. Oniscidea diversity across three environments in an altitudinal gradient in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. European Journal of Soil Biology 41:99-107.:101, table 1; Almerão et al., 2012Almerão, M. P.; Fagundes, N. J. R.; Araujo, P. B.; Verne, S.; Grandjean, F.; Bouchon, D. & Araújo, A. M. 2012. First record of Wolbachia in South American terrestrial isopods: prevalence and diversity in two species of Balloniscus (Crustacea, Oniscidea). Genetics and Molecular Biology 35(4):980-989.:981, fig. 2, tables 1, 2; Wood et al., 2012Wood, C. T.; Schlindwein, C. C. D.; Soares, G. L. G. & Araujo, P. B. 2012. Feeding rates of Balloniscus sellowii (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidae): the effect of leaf litter decomposition and its relation to the phenolic and flavonoid content. Zookeys 176:231-245.:234, fig. 2; Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.:703, fig. 2, tables 1, 2.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: many ♂ and ♀, Itamonte, 20°20’44”S, 44°48’52”W, 07.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5911). Paraná: 9♂, ♀, 1 manca, Lapa, PE do Monge, 25°46’55”S, 49°41’49”W, 11.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., impacted area, near of restaurants, in woods (UFRGS 5539). Santa Catarina: 2♂, 2♀, Santa Rosa de Lima, 27°59’17”S, 49°06’45”W, at 229 meters, 25.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo col., in pasture woods, litter with many roots (UFRGS 5578); 2♂, ♀, Orleans, near of the fire department, 28°21’17”S, 49°16’26”W, 24.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., dense vegetation cover, litter with many roots, primary forest (UFRGS 5601).
Previous Brazilian records. Brazil (Budde-Lund, 1908Budde-Lund, G. 1908. Isopoda von Madagaskar und Ostafrika mit Diagnosen verwandter Arten. In: Voeltzkow, A. ed. Reise in Ostafrika den Jahren 1903-1905, Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse. Stuttgart, E. Schwenzerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung. vol. 2, p. 265-308.). Minas Gerais: Jacutinga (Lemos de Castro, 1976Lemos de Castro, A. 1976. Considerações sobre a sinonímia e a distribuição geográfica de Balloniscus sellowii (Brandt, 1833) (Isopoda, Balloniscidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 36:391-396.). Rio de Janeiro: Araruana, Barra de São João, Barra de Maricá, Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro and São João da Barra (Lemos de Castro, 1976Lemos de Castro, A. 1976. Considerações sobre a sinonímia e a distribuição geográfica de Balloniscus sellowii (Brandt, 1833) (Isopoda, Balloniscidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 36:391-396.). Espírito Santo: Amparo (Monte Alegre and Ibiti) and Barra de Itabapoana (Lemos de Castro, 1976Lemos de Castro, A. 1976. Considerações sobre a sinonímia e a distribuição geográfica de Balloniscus sellowii (Brandt, 1833) (Isopoda, Balloniscidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 36:391-396.). São Paulo: São Paulo (Moreira, 1927Moreira, C. 1927. Duas espécies novas de crustáceos isópodes terrestres do Brasil. Boletim Biológico (São Paulo) 10:194-200., 1931); Carapicuiba, Estrada Cabreuva-Pirapora, Itanhaem, Parque da Luz, Santo André and São Paulo (Lemos de Castro, 1976Lemos de Castro, A. 1976. Considerações sobre a sinonímia e a distribuição geográfica de Balloniscus sellowii (Brandt, 1833) (Isopoda, Balloniscidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 36:391-396.). Paraná: Bituruna and União da Vitória (Lemos de Castro 1976Lemos de Castro, A. 1976. Considerações sobre a sinonímia e a distribuição geográfica de Balloniscus sellowii (Brandt, 1833) (Isopoda, Balloniscidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 36:391-396.); Lapa (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.). Santa Catarina: Anchieta, Bom Jardim da Serra, Bom Retiro, Campo Erê, Campos Novos, Catanduvas, Chapecó, Faxinal do Guedes, Florianópolis, Irani, Itá, Lages, Laguna, Papanduva, Ponte Serrada, Praia Grande, Santa Cecília, São Lourenço d’Oeste, São Joaquim, São Miguel d’Oeste, Sombrio, Ubirici and Xanxerê (Araujo et al., 1996Araujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.); Bocaína do Sul (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.). Rio Grande do Sul: Bento Gonçalves and Porto Alegre (Lemos de Castro, 1976Lemos de Castro, A. 1976. Considerações sobre a sinonímia e a distribuição geográfica de Balloniscus sellowii (Brandt, 1833) (Isopoda, Balloniscidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 36:391-396.); Agudo, Alegrete, Arroio Grande, Bagé, Bom Jesus, Caçapava do Sul, Camaquã, Capão da Canoa, Capivari, Casca, Coronel Bicaco, Cidreira, Eldorado do Sul, Encruzilhada do Sul, Erechim, Estrela, Flores da Cunha, Fontoura Xavier, Garibaldi, Itaqui, Palmeira das Missões, Pelotas, Pinheiro Machado, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande (E. E. Taim), Rio Pardo, Rosário do Sul, Santiago, Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Isabel do Sul, Santa Maria, Santana do Livramento, Santo Ângelo, Sarandi, São Gabriel, São Lourenço do Sul, São Luiz Gonzaga, São Vicente do Sul, Tapes, Taquara, Três Passos, Tramandaí, Triunfo, Veranópolis and Viamão (Araujo et al., 1996Araujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.); Rincão dos Kroeff and Barra do Ouro (Lopes et al., 2005Lopes, E. R. C.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Bond-Buckup, G. & Araujo, P. B. 2005. Oniscidea diversity across three environments in an altitudinal gradient in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. European Journal of Soil Biology 41:99-107.); Águas Belas, Barra do Ribeiro, Cassino, Caxias do Sul, Cidreira, Colônia, Glorinha, Morro Santana, Mostardas, Palmeiras do Sul, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, São Lourenço do Sul, Tapes and Tavares, all municipalities located in Patos Lagoon region (Almerão et al., 2012Almerão, M. P.; Fagundes, N. J. R.; Araujo, P. B.; Verne, S.; Grandjean, F.; Bouchon, D. & Araújo, A. M. 2012. First record of Wolbachia in South American terrestrial isopods: prevalence and diversity in two species of Balloniscus (Crustacea, Oniscidea). Genetics and Molecular Biology 35(4):980-989.); Porto Alegre (Wood et al., 2012Wood, C. T.; Schlindwein, C. C. D.; Soares, G. L. G. & Araujo, P. B. 2012. Feeding rates of Balloniscus sellowii (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidae): the effect of leaf litter decomposition and its relation to the phenolic and flavonoid content. Zookeys 176:231-245.); Arroio do Sal, Barra do Ribeiro, Mostardas, Pelotas, Porto Alegre and Vacaria (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.).
Distribution. This species is widely distributed in southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina.
Scleropactidae
Amazoniscus Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.
Amazoniscus zimmeri Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Araujo sp. nov.
Type material. BRAZIL, Pará: Holotype ♂, Belém, MPEG, 19.XI.2012, P. B. Araujo col. (MZUSP 35110). Paratypes: ♂, 2♀, same data as holotype (MZUSP 35111).
Amazoniscus zimmeri Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Araujo sp. nov., ♂ paratype: 28, adult specimen, lateral view; 29, dorsal scale-seta; 30, cephalon, dorsal view; 31, cephalon, frontal view; 32, pereonite 1 and nodulus lateralis; 33, pleonites 3-5, telson and uropods, dorsal view; 34, pleonites 3-5 and uropods, ventral view; 35, antennula; 36, antenna.
Amazoniscus zimmeri Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Araujo sp. nov., ♀ paratype: 37, left mandible; 38, right mandible; 39, maxillula; 40, maxilla; 41, maxilliped; 42, uropod.
Amazoniscus zimmeri Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Araujo sp. nov., ♂ paratype: 43, pereopod 1; 44, pereopod 7; 45, genital papilla; 46, pleopod 1; 47, pleopod 2; 48, pleopod 3 exopod; 49, pleopod 4 exopod; 50, pleopod 5 exopod.
Description. Maximum body length: ♂ 5.5 mm, ♀ 5 mm. Color brown; cephalon with irregular unpigmented spots; antenna, pereon, pleon and uropods strongly pigmented; pereon with some unpigmented spots on paramedian region, pleonites 1-3 with two small unpigmented spots, and telson with 3 small unpigmented spots. Body convex, exoantennal conglobation (Fig. 28). Dorsum smooth, with some scattered triangular scale-setae (Fig. 29); one line of noduli laterales per side, more or less at same distance from lateral margins and close to posterior margins of pereonites (Figs 28, 32); no visible gland pores. Cephalon (Figs 30, 31) with frontal shield slightly bent backwards over vertex, frontal margin broadly rounded; eyes of 12-13 ommatidia. Pereonite 1 (Fig. 32) with no schisma or ventral lobe; pereonites 1-4 with posterior margin straight, 5-7 gradually more concave; pereonites 1-7 with posterior margin slightly sinuous at sides (Fig. 28). Pleon (Figs 33, 34) with outline continuous with that of pereonite 7, epimera 3-5 well developed, directed backwards with acute apices. Telson (Fig. 33) triangular, slight concave sides, rounded apex. Antennula (Fig. 35) of three articles, proximal article longest, distal article with three rows of two aesthetascs. Antenna (Fig. 36) reaching posterior margin of second pereonite when extended backwards, fifth article of peduncle longer than flagellum, flagellum of two articles subequal in length, distal article with two rows of two aesthetascs each, apical organ as long as second article of flagellum with simple and short free sensilla. Mandibles (Figs 37, 38) with molar penicil dichotomized, consisting of about 10 branches, left mandible with 2+1 penicils, right with 1+1 penicils. Maxillula (Fig. 39) inner branch bearing two subequal penicils, distal margin rounded; outer branch with 4+6 teeth (four cleft) plus accessory tooth and slender seta. Maxilla (Fig. 40) outer lobe about twice as broad as medial lobe, distal margin rounded; inner lobe rounded, covered with thick setae. Maxilliped (Fig. 41) basis rectangular bearing sparse scale-setae, distal margin with fringe of thin setae; endite rectangular, distal margin almost straight with one small seta on outer portion, and short penicil; palp with three tufts of setae, proximal article with one long inner seta. Pereopods with short inner claw, ungual seta long and simple, long dactylar seta reaching tip of outer claw (Fig. 43). Pleopods 1 and 2 with respiratory areas. Uropod (Fig. 42) with insertion of endopod and exopod at different levels, protopod flattened and enlarged, endopod twice as long as exopod.
Male: Pereopod 1 (Fig. 43) ischium, merus and carpus with sternal margin covered with short scales. Pereopod 7 (Fig. 44) ischium elongated with almost straight sternal margin; carpus twice as long as merus. Genital papilla as in Fig. 45. Pleopod 1 (Fig. 46) exopod triangular, with convex outer margin; endopod more than twice as long as exopod bearing small setae along inner margin, distal portion tapering. Pleopod 2 (Fig. 47) exopod triangular, outer margin sinuous bearing two small setae; endopod distinctly longer than exopod. Pleopod 3 exopod (Fig. 43) rhomboid, outer margin slightly concave bearing two small setae, inner and outer margins fringed with thin setae. Pleopod 4 exopod (Fig. 43) triangular, outer margin almost straight with three small setae, inner and outer margins fringed with thin setae. Pleopod 5 exopod (Fig. 50) triangular, distal part narrower and acute, outer margin sinuous with one small seta, inner and outer margins fringed with thin setae.
Etymology. The new species is named after Dr. Martin Zimmer for his contribution to the knowledge on the biology of Oniscidea.
Remarks. AmazoniscusLemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336. includes three Brazilian species from Amazonian rainforest and Atlantic forest domains: A. arlei Lemos de Castro, 1967 from the states of Amapá, Pará and Tocantins (Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.); and two troglobitic species from the state of Pará, A. eleonoareSouza, Bezerra & Araújo, 2006Souza, L. A.; Bezerra, A. V. & Araújo, J. P. 2006. The first troglobitic species of Scleropactidae from Brazil (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Subterranean Biology 4:37-43. and A. leistikowiCampos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti, 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425.
Amazoniscus zimmeri sp. nov. differs from all the other species in the genus by the shape of the male pleopod 1 exopod, i. e. with convex instead of concave outer margin as in A. arlei, longer than wide instead of wider than long as in A. eleonorae and A. leistikowi, it also differs from A. leistikowi in having the distal part of the male pleopod 1 endopod almost straight instead of distinctly bent outwards.
Amazoniscus schmidti Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Taiti sp. nov.
Amazoniscus arlei; Schmidt, 2007Schmidt, C. 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151:1-339.: 64, figs 192-195 (partim: specimens from Leopoldina, state of Minas Gerais).
Type material. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: Holotype ♂, Belo Horizonte, undated, H. A. Pinto col. (MZUSP 35112). Paratypes: 3♀, same data as holotype (MZUSP 35113).
Amazoniscus schmidti Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Taiti sp. nov., ♂ holotype: 51, adult specimen, lateral view; 52, dorsal scale-seta; cephalon: 53, dorsal view; 54, caudal view; 55, cephalon and pereonites 1 and 2, frontal view; 56, pleonites 4 and 5, telson and uropods, dorsal view; 57, pleonites 4 and 5, and uropods, ventral view; 58 antennula; 59, antenna.
Amazoniscus schmidti Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Taiti sp. nov., ♀ paratype: 60, left mandible; 61, right mandible; 62, maxillula; 63, maxilla; 64, maxilliped; 65, uropod.
Amazoniscus schmidti Campos-Filho, Montesanto & Taiti sp. nov., ♂ holotype: 66, pereopod 1; 67 pereopod 7; 68, genital papilla; 69, pleopod 1; 70, pleopod 2; 71, pleopod 3 exopod; 72, pleopod 4 exopod; 73, pleopod 5 exopod.
Description. Maximum body length: ♂ 8.5 mm, ♀ 9.5 mm. Color brown; cephalon with irregular unpigmented spots; antenna unpigmented; pereon more pigmented on median portion and epimera, unpigmented spots on paramedian region; pleon and uropods darker, pleonites 1-3 and telson with two unpigmented spots. Body convex, exoantennal conglobation (Fig. 51). Dorsum smooth with some scattered triangular scale-setae (Fig. 52); one line of noduli laterales per side, more or less at same distance from lateral margins and close to posterior margins of pereonites (Fig. 51); no visible gland pores. Cephalon (Figs 53-55) with frontal shield bent backwards over vertex, frontal margin broadly rounded; eyes of 13-15 ommatidia. Pereonite 1 without schisma or ventral lobes; pereonites 1-4 with posterior margin straight, 5-7 gradually more concave (Figs 51, 55). Pleon (Figs 56, 57) continuous with pereon, epimera 3-5 well developed, directed backwards with acute apex. Telson (Fig. 56) triangular, short, twice as broad as long, with slightly concave sides, rounded apex. Antennula (Fig. 58) of three articles, third article about three times as long as second, bearing five rows of two aesthetascs each and apically pointed. Antenna (Fig. 59) reaching posterior margin of second pereonite when extended back, fifth article of peduncle twice as long as flagellum, flagellum with two articles subequal in length, distal article with two rows of two aesthetascs each, apical organ as long as second article of flagellum with simple and short free sensilla. Mandible (Figs 60, 61) with molar penicil dichotomized, consisting of about 10 branches, left mandible with 2+1 penicils, right with 1+1 penicils. Maxillula (Fig. 62) with inner branch bearing two subequal penicils, distal margin rounded with very short posterior point; outer branch with 4+6 (four cleft) teeth plus accessory tooth and slender seta. Maxilla (Fig. 60) outer lobe about twice as broad as medial lobe, distal margin rounded, covered with thin setae; inner lobe rounded, covered with thick setae. Maxilliped (Fig. 64) with basis rectangular bearing sparse scale-setae, distal margin with fringe of thin setae; endite rectangular, distal margin slightly rounded with one triangular seta and short penicil; palp with three tufts of setae, proximal article with one inner seta. Pereopods with short inner claw, ungual seta long and simple, long dactylar seta reaching tip of outer claw. Pleopods 1 and 2 with respiratory areas. Uropod (Fig. 65) with insertion of endopod and exopod at different levels, protopod flattened and enlarged, endopod twice as long as exopod.
Male: cephalon (Figs 53, 54) with rounded dorsal depression on vertex bearing one triangular structure near frontal shield. Pereopod 1 (Fig. 66) merus and carpus with sternal margin covered with short scales and sparse strong setae. Pereopod 7 (Fig. 67) ischium elongated, sternal margin concave; merus with medial ridge bearing setae; carpus twice as long as merus. Genital papilla as in Fig. 68. Pleopod 1 (Fig. 69) exopod with very sinuous outer margin, distal part triangular; endopod longer than exopod, bearing small setae along median margin, distal portion slightly depressed subapically bearing line of small setae. Pleopod 2 (Fig. 70) exopod outer margin strongly sinuous bearing one small seta; endopod as long as exopod. Pleopod 3 and 4 exopods (Figs 71, 72) subrectangular bearing three small setae each, inner and outer margins fringed with thin setae. Pleopod 5 exopod (Fig. 73) triangular, distal part narrower and acute, outer margin sinuous with one small seta, inner and outer margins fringed with thin setae.
Etymology. The new species is named after Dr. Christian Schmidt, for his valuable contribution on the taxonomy of the family Scleropactidae.
Remarks. Schmidt (2007Schmidt, C. 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151:1-339.), in his study of the Neotropical Scleropactidae, redefined the genus Amazoniscus and redescribed A. arlei based on the type material from the north of Brazil in the states of Amapá and Pará. The author extended the records of this species to the states of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro (southeastern Brazil); the material is deposited in the collection of MNRJ. Based on the illustrations provided by the author, it is possible to observe clear differences between north- and southeastern specimens. The northern specimens show the male pereopod 7 ischium triangular shaped, slightly concave on sternal margin (vs. rounded and strongly concave), the dactylar organ with setose apex (vs. simple), the male pleopod 1 exopod with the distal portion acute (vs. triangular), the male pleopod 1 endopod with distal inner portion bent inwards (vs. depressed and slightly bent outwards). Based on the characters of the male pereopods 1, 2 and 7 and pleopods 1 and 2, we assume that the species illustrated by the author from the state of Minas Gerais, corresponds to the new species described here. The material from the state of Rio de Janeiro needs to be re-examined to confirm if it belongs to Amazoniscus schmidti sp. nov..
Amazoniscus schmidti sp. nov. is similar to A. arlei in the falciform shape of the male pleopod 1 exopod, but it is easily distinguished by the male cephalon with dorsal rounded depression and triangular lobe, male pereopod 1 merus and carpus with slightly sparse setae on sternal margin, carpus 1 with large antennal grooming brush, pereopod 7 ischium long, dorsal margin rounded and strongly concave on sternal margin, dactylar organ simple without hairy appearance, the male pleopod 1 exopod with triangular distal portion, and the male pleopod 1 endopod with distal inner depression and directed outwards.
Circoniscus Pearse, 1917Pearse, A. 1917. Isopoda collected by the Bryant Walker Expedition to British Guiana, with notes on Crustacea from other localities. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology of University of Michigan 46: 1-8.
Circoniscus bezzii Arcangeli, 1931Arcangeli, A. 1931. Circoniscus bezzii Arc., nuova specie di isopodo terrestre del Brasile. Bollettino di Zoologia 11:115-122.
Circoniscus bezziiArcangeli, 1931Arcangeli, A. 1931. Circoniscus bezzii Arc., nuova specie di isopodo terrestre del Brasile. Bollettino di Zoologia 11:115-122.:115, plate II; Van Name, 1936Van Name, W. G. 1936. The American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 71:1-535.:311, fig. 184; Vilela et al., 1971Vilela, E.; Kudo, H. & Loureiro, M. 1971 . Oniscoides de Dourados, Estado de Mato Grosso. Seiva 31: 183-189.:185; Souza & Lemos de Castro, 1991Souza, L. A. & Lemos de Castro, A. 1991. The genus Circoniscus Pearse, 1917 in Brazil, with a description of three new species (Isopoda Oniscidea Scleropactidae). Tropical Zoology 4(1):45-64.:50, figs 23-44; Schultz, 1995Schultz, G. A. 1995. Terrestrial isopod crustaceans (Oniscidea) from Paraguay with definition of a new family. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 102(2):387-424.:417, fig. 12J-M; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:666; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:38; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:81; Schmidt, 2007Schmidt, C. 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151:1-339.:72, figs 224-229; Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425:396, fig. 40.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: 5♀, 1 juvenile, Serra da Canastra, Casca D’Anta, 20°18’47”S, 46°31’47”W, at 861 meters, 13.VI.2013, riparian forest (UFRGS 5720); ♀, São João Batista da Glória, 20°36’12”S, 46°25’16”W, 13.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col., Cerrado biome (UFRGS 5718); ♀, Carmo do Rio Claro, 20°58’05”S, 46°18’43”W, 12.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5715); 2♀, Carmo do Rio Claro, 11.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5712); ♀, Varginha, 21°33’21”S, 45°26’12”W, 15.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5725).
Previous Brazilian records. Minas Gerais: Alfenas (Souza & Lemos de Castro, 1991Souza, L. A. & Lemos de Castro, A. 1991. The genus Circoniscus Pearse, 1917 in Brazil, with a description of three new species (Isopoda Oniscidea Scleropactidae). Tropical Zoology 4(1):45-64.); Presidente Olegário (Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425). Espírito Santo: Linhares and Santa Tereza (Souza & Lemos de Castro, 1991Souza, L. A. & Lemos de Castro, A. 1991. The genus Circoniscus Pearse, 1917 in Brazil, with a description of three new species (Isopoda Oniscidea Scleropactidae). Tropical Zoology 4(1):45-64.). Mato Grosso: Carandasinho (Arcangeli, 1931Arcangeli, A. 1931. Circoniscus bezzii Arc., nuova specie di isopodo terrestre del Brasile. Bollettino di Zoologia 11:115-122.; Souza & Lemos de Castro, 1991Souza, L. A. & Lemos de Castro, A. 1991. The genus Circoniscus Pearse, 1917 in Brazil, with a description of three new species (Isopoda Oniscidea Scleropactidae). Tropical Zoology 4(1):45-64.). São Paulo: Amparo, Capivari, Descalvado, Mogi-Guassú, Nova Europa, Pirassununga, São Carlos, Tabatinga and Urucai (Souza & Lemos de Castro, 1991Souza, L. A. & Lemos de Castro, A. 1991. The genus Circoniscus Pearse, 1917 in Brazil, with a description of three new species (Isopoda Oniscidea Scleropactidae). Tropical Zoology 4(1):45-64.).
Distribution. This species is recorded in Brazil (states of Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso and São Paulo) and Paraguay.
Pudeoniscidae
Pudeoniscus Vandel, 1963Vandel, A. 1963. Isopodes terrestres recueillis en Amerique du Sud par Claude Delamare Deboutteville. In: Debouteville, C. D. & Rapoport, E. H. eds. Biologie de l’Amerique Austral. Paris, CNRS, CNIT. vol. 2, p.63- 100.
Pudeoniscus birabeni Vandel, 1963Vandel, A. 1963. Isopodes terrestres recueillis en Amerique du Sud par Claude Delamare Deboutteville. In: Debouteville, C. D. & Rapoport, E. H. eds. Biologie de l’Amerique Austral. Paris, CNRS, CNIT. vol. 2, p.63- 100.
Pudeoniscus birabeniVandel, 1963Vandel, A. 1963. Isopodes terrestres recueillis en Amerique du Sud par Claude Delamare Deboutteville. In: Debouteville, C. D. & Rapoport, E. H. eds. Biologie de l’Amerique Austral. Paris, CNRS, CNIT. vol. 2, p.63- 100.:91, figs 16-19; Lemos de Castro, 1973Lemos de Castro, A. 1973. Pudeoniscidae, família nova, com descrição de um gênero novo e três espécies novas de isópodos terrestres (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 287:1-10.:3; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:665; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:43; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:226; Schmidt, 2003Schmidt, C. 2003. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 2 (Oniscoidea to Armadillidiidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 79:3-179.:79, figs 100-103; Lisboa et al., 2013Lisboa, J. T.; Couto, E. C. G.; Santos, P. P.; Delabie, J. H. C. & Araujo, P. B. 2013. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) in termite nests (Blattodea: Termitidae) in a cocoa plantation in Brazil. Biota Neotropica 13(3):393-397.:395.
Material examined. Bahia: ♂, Salvador, Baía de Aratu, IX.2006, J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 4231); ♀, Ilhéus, UESC, 25.VIII.2013, J. T. Lisboa col. (MZUF 9649).
Previous Brazilian records. Bahia: Ilhéus (Lisboa et al., 2013Lisboa, J. T.; Couto, E. C. G.; Santos, P. P.; Delabie, J. H. C. & Araujo, P. B. 2013. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) in termite nests (Blattodea: Termitidae) in a cocoa plantation in Brazil. Biota Neotropica 13(3):393-397.). Rio de Janeiro: Pico de Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro (Vandel, 1963Vandel, A. 1963. Isopodes terrestres recueillis en Amerique du Sud par Claude Delamare Deboutteville. In: Debouteville, C. D. & Rapoport, E. H. eds. Biologie de l’Amerique Austral. Paris, CNRS, CNIT. vol. 2, p.63- 100.; Schmidt, 2003Schmidt, C. 2003. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 2 (Oniscoidea to Armadillidiidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 79:3-179.); Angra dos Reis (Ilha Grande), Mangaratiba (Ribeira, Rubião, Muriqui) and Rio de Janeiro (Açude da Solidão, Floresta da Tijuca, Furnas da Tijuca, Pedra do Conde, Represa dos Ciganos) (Lemos de Castro, 1973Lemos de Castro, A. 1973. Pudeoniscidae, família nova, com descrição de um gênero novo e três espécies novas de isópodos terrestres (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 287:1-10.). São Paulo: Estrada Velha Santos-São Paulo, Piassaguera and Santos (Lemos de Castro, 1973Lemos de Castro, A. 1973. Pudeoniscidae, família nova, com descrição de um gênero novo e três espécies novas de isópodos terrestres (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 287:1-10.).
Distribution. This species is recorded from the states of Bahia, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
Platyarthridae
Remarks. At present the family Platyarthridae includes more than 110 species in nine genera, mainly distributed in tropical areas. The family is most probably paraphyletic (Schmidt, 2003Schmidt, C. 2003. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 2 (Oniscoidea to Armadillidiidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 79:3-179.). Recently, the new family Paraplatyarthridae Javidkar & King, 2015Javidkar, M.; Cooper, S. J. B.; King, R. A.; Humphreys, W. F. & Austin, A. 2015. Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal a new southern hemisphere oniscidean family (Crustacea: Isopoda) with a unique water transport system. Invertebrate Systematics 29:554-577. (Crinocheta) was erected to accommodate the new genus and the new species Paraplatyarthrus subterraneus Javidkar & King, 2015 from Laverton Downs, Windarra calcrete, Eastern Murchison region, Western Australia (Javidkar et al., 2015Javidkar, M.; Cooper, S. J. B.; King, R. A.; Humphreys, W. F. & Austin, A. 2015. Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal a new southern hemisphere oniscidean family (Crustacea: Isopoda) with a unique water transport system. Invertebrate Systematics 29:554-577.), and an unnamed and undescribed genus from southern Brazil. These two species are morphologically very similar to the genus Trichorhina, presently included in the Platyarthridae. Paraplatyarthridae is defined by dorsal surface with fan-like scale setae, antenna ventrally with leaf-like setae and furrow with hair-like capillary setae, part of water conduction system (WCS), flagellum of two articles, cephalon with postfrons and profons fused, maxillula outer endite with 4+4/5 teeth (one shorter). The family was erected with an integrative taxonomy approach, using molecular and morphological data, and it was recovered as monophyletic. At the moment, the morphological characters proposed by the authors to define the family do not show any synapomorphy, which allows its recognition. This also occurrs in phylogenetical analyses of other genera of Oniscidea (see Schmidt 2002Schmidt, C. 2002. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 1 (Olibrinidae to Scyphacidae s. str.). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 78:275-352., 2003Schmidt, C. 2003. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 2 (Oniscoidea to Armadillidiidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 79:3-179.). The dorsal fan-shaped scale-setae are shared with other genera and families of Crinocheta, for example, some members of Philosciidae (CaraibosciaVandel, 1968Vandel, A. 1968. Isopodes terrestres. In: Institut Royal des Sciences de Belgique, ed. Mission Zoologique Belge aux Îles Galapagos et en Ecuador (N. et J. Leleup, 1964-65). Brussels, Musee Royale l’Afrique Centrale. vol. 1 , p.37-168., MetaprosekiaLeistikow, 2000Leistikow, A. 2000. A new genus of Oniscidea from South America and a phylogenetic analysis of related genera (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea). Contributions to Zoology 69(3):179-196.) (see Leistikow, 2000Leistikow, A. 2000. A new genus of Oniscidea from South America and a phylogenetic analysis of related genera (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea). Contributions to Zoology 69(3):179-196.; Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425), members of Dubioniscidae Schultz, 1995Schultz, G. A. 1995. Terrestrial isopod crustaceans (Oniscidea) from Paraguay with definition of a new family. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 102(2):387-424. (see Cardoso et al., 2016Cardoso, G. M.; Campos-Filho, I. S. & Araujo, P. B. 2016. The genus Dubioniscus Vandel, 1963 (Oniscidea, Dubioniscidae) with descriptions of two new species from Brazil. Tropical Zoology 29(3):111-133.), members of Spelaeoniscidae Vandel, 1948 (see Schmidt, 2003Schmidt, C. 2003. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 2 (Oniscoidea to Armadillidiidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 79:3-179.), and the genus ChileoniscusTaiti, Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1986Taiti, S.; Ferrara, F. & Schmalfuss, H. 1986. Chileoniscus marmoratus gen. et sp. n. from Chile (Oniscidea, Scleropactidae). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 78:63-69. (incertae sedis) (see Schmidt, 2007Schmidt, C. 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151:1-339.). This structure seems to be related with an endogean way of life and it has an anti-adhesive function (Schmalfuss, 1978Schmalfuss, H. 1978. Morphology and function of cuticular micro-scales and corresponding structures in terrestrial isopods (Crust., Isop., Oniscoidea). Zoomorphologie 91:263-274.). Most probably this structure evolved by convergence or parallelism since it occurs in different families of Crinocheta (Schmidt, 2002Schmidt, C. 2002. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 1 (Olibrinidae to Scyphacidae s. str.). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 78:275-352.). The furrow bearing setae on the antenna belongs to the WCS (Hoese, 1981Hoese, B. 1981. Morphologie und Funktion des Wasserleitungssystems der terrestrischen Isopoden (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Zoomorphology 98:135-167.; Schmalfuss, 1998Schmalfuss, H. 1998. Evolutionary strategies of the antennae in terrestrial isopods. Journal of Crustacean Biology 18: 10-24.), and it is present in many different Crinocheta families (see Schmidt, 2003Schmidt, C. 2003. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 2 (Oniscoidea to Armadillidiidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 79:3-179.). The fused postfrons and profons on the cephalon, together with the 4+4/5 teeth on the maxillula outer endite are present in many genera of Crinocheta (Leistikow, 2001Leistikow, A. 2001. Phylogeny and biogeography of South American Crinocheta, traditionally placed in the family “Philosciidae” (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea). Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 4:1-85.; Schmidt, 2003Schmidt, C. 2003. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 2 (Oniscoidea to Armadillidiidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 79:3-179., 2007Schmidt, C. 2007. Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151:1-339.). Recently, Javidkar et al. (2017)Javidkar, M.; King, R. A.; Cooper, S. J. B.; Humphreys, W. F. & Austin, A. D. 2017. Taxonomy of Paraplatyarthrus Javidkar and King (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Paraplatyarthridae) with description of five new species from Western Australia, and comments on Australian Trichorhina Budde-Lunde, 1908 (Platyarthridae). Zootaxa 4243(3):401-431. added new diagnostic characters to the family, such as dorsal surface smooth, one line of noduli laterales per side on pereonites 1-6 and pereonite 7 with two noduli laterales per side. The presence of two noduli laterales per side on pereonite 7 is also observed in Trichorhina tomentosa (Budde-Lund, 1893Budde-Lund, G. 1893. Landisopoder fra Venezuela, insamlede of Dr. F. Meinert. Entomologiske Meddelelser 4:111-129.), type species of the genus (see Schmidt, 2003Schmidt, C. 2003. Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 2 (Oniscoidea to Armadillidiidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 79:3-179.), as well as in members of Philosciidae, i. e. Barnardoscia Taiti & Ferrara, 1982, Anchiphiloscia Taiti & Ferrara, 1980, and Benthanops Barnard, 1932, Hawaiioscia Schultz, 1973 (see Taiti & Ferrara, 1987Taiti, S. & Ferrara, F. 1987. Contributions to the knowledge of the mountain fauna of Malawi. 6. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea). Revue de Zoologie Africaine 101:69-102.). In conclusion, if the family Paraplatyartridae is well characterized molecularly, it does not seem to be so from a morphological point of view.
Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908Budde-Lund, G. 1908. Isopoda von Madagaskar und Ostafrika mit Diagnosen verwandter Arten. In: Voeltzkow, A. ed. Reise in Ostafrika den Jahren 1903-1905, Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse. Stuttgart, E. Schwenzerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung. vol. 2, p. 265-308.
Trichorhina argentina Vandel, 1963Vandel, A. 1963. Isopodes terrestres recueillis en Amerique du Sud par Claude Delamare Deboutteville. In: Debouteville, C. D. & Rapoport, E. H. eds. Biologie de l’Amerique Austral. Paris, CNRS, CNIT. vol. 2, p.63- 100.
Trichorhina argentinaVandel, 1963Vandel, A. 1963. Isopodes terrestres recueillis en Amerique du Sud par Claude Delamare Deboutteville. In: Debouteville, C. D. & Rapoport, E. H. eds. Biologie de l’Amerique Austral. Paris, CNRS, CNIT. vol. 2, p.63- 100.:73, fig. 6; Araujo & Buckup, 1996aAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.:800, figs 1-15, 41; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:28; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:275; Lopes et al., 2005Lopes, E. R. C.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Bond-Buckup, G. & Araujo, P. B. 2005. Oniscidea diversity across three environments in an altitudinal gradient in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. European Journal of Soil Biology 41:99-107.:101, table 1; Souza et al., 2011Souza, L. A.; Araújo, J. P. & Campos-Filho, I. S. 2011. The genus Trichorhina Budde-Lund in Brazil, with description of seven new species (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Platyarthridae). Iheringia, Série Zoologia 101(3):239-261.:241; Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425:405; Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.:3, table 1.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Santa Catarina: 3♂, ♀, Rancho Queimado, Bauer Hotel, 27°40’57”S, 49°02’41”W, 25.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., impacted area, in woods (UFRGS 5571).
Previous Brazilian records. Santa Catarina: Joaçaba and Sombrio (Araujo & Buckup, 1996aAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.). Rio Grande do Sul: Caçapava do Sul, Camaquã, Camobi (UFSM), Eldorado do Sul and Rio Grande (E. E. Taim) (Araujo & Buckup, 1996aAraujo, P. B. & Buckup, L. 1996a. Novos registros e uma espécie nova de Trichorhina Budde-Lund (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Platyarthridae) do Sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 13(3):799-810.); Rincão dos Kroeff and Barra do Ouro (Lopes et al., 2005Lopes, E. R. C.; Mendonça, M. de S.; Bond-Buckup, G. & Araujo, P. B. 2005. Oniscidea diversity across three environments in an altitudinal gradient in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. European Journal of Soil Biology 41:99-107.); Porto Alegre (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.).
Distribution. This species is recorded from southern Brazil (states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and eastern Argentina.
Trichorhina bicolor Araujo & Buckup, 1996Araujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.
Trichorhina bicolorAraujo & Buckup, 1996aAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.:806, figs 26-41; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:28; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:275; Souza et al., 2011Souza, L. A.; Araújo, J. P. & Campos-Filho, I. S. 2011. The genus Trichorhina Budde-Lund in Brazil, with description of seven new species (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Platyarthridae). Iheringia, Série Zoologia 101(3):239-261.:241.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Paraná: ♀, Matinhos, PARNAT Saint-Hilaire Lang, PR-508 road, 25°38’39”S, 48°36’04”W, 10.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., in leaf litter (UFRGS 5557); 2♂, 4♀, Antonina, near of Nunes river, road from Guaraqueçaba, 25°20’48”S, 48°46’05”W, 10.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., camping area (UFRGS 5515). Santa Catarina: ♂, 3♀, Corupá, RPPN Rota das Cachoeiras, 26°24’08”S, 49°20’40”W, 28.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col. (UFRGS 5595); ♂, Corupá, near of the ecological hotel, 26°25’23”S, 49°14’46”W, 27.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., under Palm tree leaves (UFRGS 5590); ♀, Rio Fortuna, 28°06’09”S, 49°07’35”W, 25.VI.2012, alt. 229 meters, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., in woods on pasture area, many roots, impacted area (UFRGS 5581); 5♂, 6♀, Orleans, behind Real Nob Hotel, 28°21’17”S, 49°16’29”W, 24.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., humid forest, in bromeliads leaves (UFRGS 5565).
Previous Brazilian records. Santa Catarina: Pouso Redondo, São Bonifácio and Tubarão (Araujo & Buckup, 1996aAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.).
Distribution. This species is recorded from Brazil (states of Paraná and Santa Catarina).
Trichorhina kaingangi Campos-Filho, 2015
Trichorhina kaingangiCampos-Filho et al., 2015bCampos-Filho, I. S.; Mise, K. M. & Sessegolo, G. C. 2015 b. A new species of Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Platyarthridae) from Paraná caves, southern Brazil. Nauplius 23(2):112-119.:114, figs 2-4.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Paraná: ♂, 3♀, São Mateus do Sul, near of road, 25°57’30”S, 50°31’10”W, 11.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., in woods, impacted area (MZUF 9659).
Previous Brazilian records. Paraná: Ermida Paiol do Alto cave, Adrianópolis and Água Boa cave, Almirante Tramandaré (Campos-Filho et al., 2015bCampos-Filho, I. S.; Mise, K. M. & Sessegolo, G. C. 2015 b. A new species of Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Platyarthridae) from Paraná caves, southern Brazil. Nauplius 23(2):112-119.).
Distribution. This species is recorded only from the state of Paraná, Brazil.
Trichorhina tomentosa ( Budde-Lund, 1893Budde-Lund, G. 1893. Landisopoder fra Venezuela, insamlede of Dr. F. Meinert. Entomologiske Meddelelser 4:111-129. )
Alloniscus tomentosusBudde-Lund, 1893Budde-Lund, G. 1893. Landisopoder fra Venezuela, insamlede of Dr. F. Meinert. Entomologiske Meddelelser 4:111-129.:126.
Trichorhina tomentosa; Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.:315, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.:10, fig. 6; Lenko, 1971Lenko, K. 1971. Subsidios para o conhecimento dos isópodos inquilinos de formigas no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 15:1-10.:5; Souza-Kury, 1997Souza-Kury, L. A. 1997. Two new species of Trichorhina from Brazilian Amazonia (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Platyarthridae). Crustaceana 70: 180-190.:181, figs 1, 4-7; 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:663; Araujo & Buckup, 1996aAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.:803, figs 16-25, 41; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:30; Souza et al., 2011Souza, L. A.; Araújo, J. P. & Campos-Filho, I. S. 2011. The genus Trichorhina Budde-Lund in Brazil, with description of seven new species (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Platyarthridae). Iheringia, Série Zoologia 101(3):239-261.:241.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Bahia: 5♀, Itajú-Itapé, 15°01’58”S, 39°36’15”W, 17.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5815); 8♀, Una, ReBio Una, 15°10’08”S, 39°00’03”W, 19.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5814). Minas Gerais: ♀, Itamonte, 20°20’44”S, 44°48’52”W, 07.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5910). Paraná: 4♀, Antonina, near of Nunes river, road from Guaraqueçaba, 25°20’48”S, 48°46’06”W, 10.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., camping area (UFRGS 5514); 4♀, São Mateus do Sul, 25°57’30”S, 50°31’10”W, 11.VIII.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., open vegetation cover, in woods (UFRGS 5510). Santa Catarina: 4♀, Rio Fortuna, SC-482 road, 28°21’05”S, 49°09’58”W, 25.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo, B. L. Zimmermann & A. Ferrari col., in abandoned house, between tiles and bricks (UFRGS 5606). Rio Grande do Sul: ♀, Rio da Várzea, 27°13’16”S, 53°19’12”W, 26.VII.2013, at 538 meters, G. M. Cardoso col., abandoned house (UFRGS 5734).
Previous Brazilian records. Pará: Belém (Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.), Park of MPEG, Belém (Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.). Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Pará, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.). São Paulo: Barueri and São Paulo (Lenko, 1971Lenko, K. 1971. Subsidios para o conhecimento dos isópodos inquilinos de formigas no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 15:1-10.). Santa Catarina: Blumenau, Pouso Redondo, Sombrio and Tubarão (Araujo & Buckup, 1996aAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.). Rio Grande do Sul: Fontoura Xavier and Porto Alegre (FZBRS) (Araujo & Buckup, 1996aAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.).
Remarks. The synonym list presented here includes the original description and the papers mentioning Brazil. The complete list is available in Schmalfuss (2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.).
Distribution. Circumtropical species. In Brazil this species is considered to be introduced and it is recorded from the states of Pará, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul.
Trachelipodidae
Nagurus Holthuis, 1949Holthuis, L. B. 1949. The Isopoda and Tainadacea of the Netherland, including the description of a new species of Limnoria. Zoologische Mededelingen 30:163-190.
Nagurus cristatus ( Dollfus, 1889Dollfus, A. 1889. Sur quelques isopodes du Musée de Leyde. Notes from the Leiden Museum 11:91-94. )
Porcellio cristatusDollfus, 1889Dollfus, A. 1889. Sur quelques isopodes du Musée de Leyde. Notes from the Leiden Museum 11:91-94.:91, pl. V, figs 2a-d.
Nagurus cristatus; Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.:323, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.:7, fig. 7; Vilela et al., 1971Vilela, E.; Kudo, H. & Loureiro, M. 1971 . Oniscoides de Dourados, Estado de Mato Grosso. Seiva 31: 183-189.:184, figs 1-4; Araujo & Buckup, 1996bAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.:161, figs 1 and 3; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:668.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Bahia: many ♂ and ♀, Camamu, 13°56’59”S, 39°06’27”W, 18.IX.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & J. T. Lisboa col. (UFRGS 5780).
Remarks. The synonym list presented here includes the original description and the works mentioning Brazil. The complete list is available in Schmalfuss (2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.).
Previous Brazilian records. Pará: Belém (Várzea do Guamá and Park of MPEG), Castanhal, and Peixe-Boi (Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.). São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro (Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.). Mato Grosso: Dourados (Vilela et al., 1971Vilela, E.; Kudo, H. & Loureiro, M. 1971 . Oniscoides de Dourados, Estado de Mato Grosso. Seiva 31: 183-189.). Santa Catarina: Gravatal, Major Gerciano, Nova Teutônia and Pouso Redondo (Araujo & Buckup, 1996bAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.).
Distribution. Circumtropical. In Brazil, this species is recorded from the states of Mato Grosso, Pará, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Santa Catarina.
Nagurus nanus ( Budde-Lund, 1908Budde-Lund, G. 1908. Isopoda von Madagaskar und Ostafrika mit Diagnosen verwandter Arten. In: Voeltzkow, A. ed. Reise in Ostafrika den Jahren 1903-1905, Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse. Stuttgart, E. Schwenzerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung. vol. 2, p. 265-308. )
Porcellio (Nagara) nanaBudde-Lund, 1908Budde-Lund, G. 1908. Isopoda von Madagaskar und Ostafrika mit Diagnosen verwandter Arten. In: Voeltzkow, A. ed. Reise in Ostafrika den Jahren 1903-1905, Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse. Stuttgart, E. Schwenzerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung. vol. 2, p. 265-308.:285, taf. 14, figs 40-47.
Nagurus nanus; Araujo & Buckup, 1996bAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.:161, figs 2, 3.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Santa Catarina: 5♂, 3♀, São João Batista, 27°15’52”S, 48°51’12”W, 26.VI.2012, P. B. Araujo & B. L. Zimmermann col., in woods (UFRGS 5598).
Previous Brazilian records. Santa Catarina: Gravatal (Araujo & Buckup, 1996bAraujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.).
Remarks. The synonym list presented here includes the original description and the works mentioning Brazil. The complete list is available in Schmalfuss (2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.).
Distribution. Tropical and subpropical areas. In Brazil this species is recorded only from the state of Santa Catarina.
Armadillidiidae
Armadillidium Brandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.
Armadillidium vulgare ( Latreille, 1804Latreille, P. A. 1804. Famille Seconde. Cloportides; cloportides. In: Buffon, L. & Sonnini, C. S. eds. Histoire naturelle générale et particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes. Paris, F. Dufart. vol.7, p. 25-49. )
Armadillo vulgarisLatreille, 1804Latreille, P. A. 1804. Famille Seconde. Cloportides; cloportides. In: Buffon, L. & Sonnini, C. S. eds. Histoire naturelle générale et particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes. Paris, F. Dufart. vol.7, p. 25-49.:48.
Armadillidium vulgare; Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.:4, fig 14; Lenko, 1971Lenko, K. 1971. Subsidios para o conhecimento dos isópodos inquilinos de formigas no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 15:1-10.:8; Araujo et al., 1996Araujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.:133, figs 54-58, 68; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:654; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:43; Araujo, 1999Araujo, P. B. 1999. Subordem Oniscidea (Isópodos terrestres, “tatuzinhos”. In: Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. eds. Os crustáceos do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Ed. Universidade/UFRGS, p. 237-256:252, fig. 23; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:38; Appel et al., 2011Appel, C.; Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2011. Marsupial extension in terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Nauplius 19(2):123-128.:124, figs 1B, 2D-F; Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425:412, fig. 40.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: many ♂ and ♀, Itamonte, 20°20’44”S, 44°48’52”S, 07.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5909). São Paulo: ♀, Campos do Jordão, 22°45’08”S, 45°37’38”W, 08.VI.2013, I. S. Campos-Filho & G. M. Cardoso col., Pinus and Araucaria forest (UFRGS 5855). Rio Grande do Sul: ♂, Fontoura Xavier, 29°0’17”S, 52°21’W, 27.VII.2013, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5726).
Previous Brazilian records. Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul (Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.). Minas Gerais: São Roque de Minas, Serra da Canastra, Gruta Zeferino I cave (Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425). São Paulo: Barueri, Cidade Universitária (São Paulo city), and Salesópolis (E. E. da Boracéia) (Lenko, 1971Lenko, K. 1971. Subsidios para o conhecimento dos isópodos inquilinos de formigas no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 15:1-10.). Santa Catarina: Anchieta, Blumenau, Bom Retiro, Campos Novos, Catanduvas, Faxinal dos Guedes, Florianópolis, Itá, Joaçaba, Lages, Mondaí, Ponte Serrada, São Miguel d’Oeste, São Lourenço d’Oeste, Santa Cecília, Sombrio, Urussanga, and Xanrerê (Araujo et al., 1996Araujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.). Rio Grande do Sul: Agudo, Arroio Grande, Bagé, Caçapava do Sul, Camaquã, Capão da Canoa, Casca, Caxias do Sul, Coronel Bicaco, Dom Pedrito, Encruzilhada do Sul, Erechim, Flores da Cunha, Garibaldi, Iraí, Mata, Nhu-Porã, Otávio Rocha, Palmeira das Missões, Panambi, Pantano Grande, Passo Fundo, Pinheiro Machado, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande (E. E. Taim), Rio Pardo, Rosário do Sul, São Borja, São Francisco, São Gabriel, São Lourenço do Sul, São Luiz Gonzaga, São Vicente do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Isabel do Sul, Santa Maria, Santa Rosa, Santana do Livramento, Santiago, Santo Ângelo, Sarandi, Tapes, Taquara, Tramandaí, Três Passos, Veranópolis (Araujo et al., 1996Araujo, P. B. & Buckup, L. 1996a. Novos registros e uma espécie nova de Trichorhina Budde-Lund (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Platyarthridae) do Sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 13(3):799-810.).
Remarks. The synonym list presented here includes the original description and the works mentioning Brazil. The complete list is available in Schmalfuss (2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.).
Distribution. Mediterranean species introduced into many parts of the world.
Eubelidae
Ethelum Budde-Lund, 1899Budde-Lund, G. 1899. Eubelum. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations. Copenhagen, H. Hagerup, p. 67-97.
Ethelum americanum (Dollfuss, 1896)
Mesarmadillo americanusDollfus, 1896Dollfus, A. 1896. On West Indian terrestrial isopod crustaceans. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1896:388-400.:397, figs 11a-d; Richardson, 1901Richardson, H. 1901 . Key to the isopods of the Atlantic coast of North America, with descriptions of new and little-known species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 23:493-579.:573.
Ethelum americanum; Budde-Lund, 1899Budde-Lund, G. 1899. Eubelum. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations. Copenhagen, H. Hagerup, p. 67-97.: 90, pl. III, figs 10-12; Richardson, 1905Richardson, H. 1905. A monograph on the isopods of North America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 54:583-717.:589, figs 649, 650; Pearse, 1917Pearse, A. 1917. Isopoda collected by the Bryant Walker Expedition to British Guiana, with notes on Crustacea from other localities. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology of University of Michigan 46: 1-8., pl. l; Van Name, 1925Van Name, W. G. 1925. The isopods of Kartabo, Bartica District, British Guiana. Zoologica 6:461-503.:484, figs 27-36; Paulian de Félice, 1944Paulian de Félice, L. 1944. Les oniscoides de la Guyane Française. Revue Française d’Entomologie 10: 142-145.:145; Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.:312; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:657, Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:42; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:95.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Pará: ♂ (part in micropreparations), Belém, MPEG, Campus de pesquisa, 11.IV.2014, J.T. Lisboa col., under tree barks, in front of the restaurants (MZUF 9650).
Previous Brazilian records. Pará: Apeú, Castanhal (Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.).
Distribution. Lesser Antilles, northern Brazil (state of Pará), French Guiana, Guyana, and northern Venezuela.
Armadillidae
Ctenorillo Verhoeff, 1942Verhoeff, K. W. 1942. Äthiopische Isopoda terrestria der Hamburger Zoologischen Museums. Zoologischer Anzeiger 140: 1-163.
Ctenorillo tuberosus ( Budde-Lund, 1904Budde-Lund, G. 1904. Spherilloninae. Armadillo. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations . Copenhagen, H. Hagerup , p. 33-144. ), comb. nov.
Armadillo tuberosusBudde-Lund, 1904Budde-Lund, G. 1904. Spherilloninae. Armadillo. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations . Copenhagen, H. Hagerup , p. 33-144.:109, pl. X, figs 1-4.
Reductoniscus tuberosus; Kesselyak, 1930Kesselyák, A. 1930. Über Isopoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger 91:50-66.:61; Lemos de Castro, 1972Lemos de Castro, A. 1972. Contribuições ao conhecimento da fauna do Arquipélago de Abrolhos. 3. Isópodos terrestres. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 44:357.:357.
Cubaris tuberosaVan Name, 1936Van Name, W. G. 1936. The American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 71:1-535.:377, fig. 288, 1940Van Name, W. G. 1940. A supplement to the American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77: 109-142.:134.
Venezillo tuberosus; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:654; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:51; Jeppesen, 2000Jeppesen, P. 2000. Catalogue of terrestrial isopod taxa and type material described by Gustav Budde-Lund (Crustacea: Isopoda). Steenstrupia 25(2):221-265.: 262; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:293.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Ceará: 3♂, 5♀, Fortaleza, Campus Pici, 29.V.2013, F. B. Ribeiro col., in cashew tree (MZUF 9651).
Ctenorillo tuberosus (Budde-Lund, 1904Budde-Lund, G. 1904. Spherilloninae. Armadillo. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations . Copenhagen, H. Hagerup , p. 33-144.), ♂: 74, adult specimen, lateral view; 75, disposition of dorsal tubercles; 76, dorsal scale-seta; 77, cephalon and pereonites 1, dorsal view; 78, cephalon and pereonites 1 and 2, frontal view; 79, epimera of pereonites 1 and 2, ventral view; 80, pleonites 3-5, telson and uropods, dorsal view; 81, pleonites 3-5, telson and uropods, ventral view; 82, antennula; 83, antenna.
Ctenorillo tuberosus (Budde-Lund, 1904Budde-Lund, G. 1904. Spherilloninae. Armadillo. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations . Copenhagen, H. Hagerup , p. 33-144.), ♂: 84, left mandible; 85, right mandible; 86, maxillula; 87, maxilla; 88, maxilliped; 89, uropod.
Ctenorillo tuberosus (Budde-Lund, 1904Budde-Lund, G. 1904. Spherilloninae. Armadillo. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations . Copenhagen, H. Hagerup , p. 33-144.), ♂: 90, pereopod 1; 91 pereopod 7; 92, genital papilla; 93, pleopod 1; 94, pleopod 2; 95, pleopod 3 exopod; 96, pleopod 4 exopod; 97, pleopod 5 exopod.
Previous Brazilian records. Bahia: Abrolhos Archipelagous (Lemos de Castro, 1972Lemos de Castro, A. 1972. Contribuições ao conhecimento da fauna do Arquipélago de Abrolhos. 3. Isópodos terrestres. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 44:357.).
Redescription. Maximum body length: ♂ 2.5 mm, ♀ 3.5 mm. Color brown. Endoantennal conglobation (Figs 74, 78). Dorsum covered with large ribs and tubercles, arranged as follows (Fig. 75): vertex of cephalon with one anterior row of six tubercles and one posterior row of four tubercles; pereonites 1-7 with many tubercles and ribs as in Figs 74, 75; pleonites 3 and 4 with one row of four tubercles, pleonite 5 and telson with two paramedian tubercles each. Dorsal surface with short triangular scale-setae (Fig. 76). Pereonites 1-7 with one nodulus lateralis per side inserted on lateral surface of the second outer tubercle (Fig. 74). Cephalon (Figs 77, 78) with frontal shield slightly protruding above vertex and concave in middle; eyes of about 10 ommatidia. Pereonite 1 grooved on lateral margin for about two-thirds of its length, inner lobe of schisma rounded, not extending beyond posterior margin of outer lobe (Figs 78, 79). Pereonite 2 with triangular ventral lobe not extending beyond posterior margin of epimeron (Fig. 78). Pereonites 2-7 with quadrangular epimera (Fig. 74). Telson (Figs 80, 81) hourglass-shaped, proximal part broader than distal part, distal margin slightly convex. Antennula (Fig. 82) of three articles with three apical and two subapical aesthetascs. Antenna (Fig. 83) short and stout, slightly surpassing rear margin of cephalon; flagellum with second article about twice as long as first; apical organ about 1/3 as long as second article of flagellum. Mandible (Figs 84, 85) with molar penicil dichotomized, consisting of several plumose setae; left mandibles with 2+1 and right mandible with 1+1 free penicils. Maxillula (Fig. 86) with outer branch bearing 4+4 simple teeth; inner branch with two long penicils. Maxilla (Fig. 87) bilobate, inner lobe distinctly narrower than outer lobe. Maxilliped (Fig. 88) endite with subapical large seta overpassing distal margin, two short triangular spines distally; palp with two setae on the basal article. Pleopods 1-5 with monospiracular respiratory structures. Uropod (Fig. 89) protopod flattened, enlarged on basal part, distal part trapezoidal, with medial margin slightly concave; exopod very short, inserted dorsally near medial margin of protopod.
Male: Pereopod 1 and 7 (Figs 90, 91) with no particular modifications. Genital papilla as in Fig. 92. Pleopod 1 (Fig. 93) exopod small, wider than long, distal portion triangular, outer margin concave and crenulate; endopod with distal portion slightly bent outwards and slightly swollen. Pleopod 2 (Fig. 94) exopod triangular, with outer margin distinctly concave; endopod longer than exopod. Pleopod 3-5 exopods as in Fig. 95-97.
Remarks. This species was described by Budde-Lund (1904Budde-Lund, G. 1904. Spherilloninae. Armadillo. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations . Copenhagen, H. Hagerup , p. 33-144.) as Armadillo tuberosus from Port au Prince, Haiti. It was later included in Reductoniscus by Kesselyak (1930Kesselyák, A. 1930. Über Isopoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger 91:50-66.) and then in Cubaris by (Van Name, 1936Van Name, W. G. 1936. The American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 71:1-535.). The examination of the specimens from Brazil, certainly belonging to this species, showed that it belongs to Ctenorillo as redefined by Schmalfuss & Ferrara (1983Schmalfuss, H. & Ferrara, F. 1983. Terrestrial isopods from West Africa, Part 3: family Armadillidae Verhoeff, 1917. Monitore Zoologico Italiano Nuova Serie, Supplemento 18:111-157.), of which the genus TuberdilloArcangeli, 1941Arcangeli, A. 1941. Crustacea, Isopoda. In: Zavattari, E. ed. Missione biologica Sagan-Omo. Zoologia. 6. Myriapoda, Arachnida, Tardigrada, Crustacea, Mollusca. Rome, Reale Accademia d’Italia, Centro Studi per l’Africa Orientale Italiana. vol. 12, p.5-18., is ajunior synonym (see Taiti et al., 1998Taiti, S.; Paoli, P. & Ferrara, F. 1998. Morphology, biogeography, and ecology of the family Armadillidae (Crustacea, Oniscidea). Israel Journal of Zoology 44:291-301.). In fact, it has the cephalon, pereon, pleon and telson with developed costae and tubercles; the cephalon with the frontal lamina protruding above the vertex; pereon, pleon epimera and telson obliquely bent outward; pereonite 1 with schisma; ventral lobe of pereonite 2 tooth-shaped; epimera of pereonites 2-7 rectangular; telson hour-glass-shaped with basal part with two paramedial tubercles and distal part bent outwards with apex truncate; antenna short and thickset; uropod with tiny exopodite.
To date Ctenorillo included 13 species (Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.; Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425): C. ausseli (Dollfus, 1893Dollfus, A. 1893. Voyage de M. CH. ALLUAUD aux Iles Canaries (novembre 1189-juin 1890). Isopodes terrestres. Mémoires de la Société Zoologique de France 6:46-56.), from the Canary Islands; C. bananae (Van Name, 1920Van Name, W. G. 1920. Isopods collected by the American Museum Congo Expedition. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 43:41-108.), from Cameroon, Congo and Angola; C. buddelundiVerhoeff, 1942Verhoeff, K. W. 1942. Äthiopische Isopoda terrestria der Hamburger Zoologischen Museums. Zoologischer Anzeiger 140: 1-163., from Uganda and Kenya; C. fagei (Paulian de Félice, 1941Paulian de Félice, L. 1941. Oniscoïdes de la côtes occidentale d’Afrique. III. Eubelidae. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 66:50-56.), from Ivory Coast; C. ferraraiCampos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti, 2014 Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425from Brazil; C. gabunensis (Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983Schmalfuss, H. & Ferrara, F. 1983. Terrestrial isopods from West Africa, Part 3: family Armadillidae Verhoeff, 1917. Monitore Zoologico Italiano Nuova Serie, Supplemento 18:111-157.), from Gabon; C. guinensis (Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983Schmalfuss, H. & Ferrara, F. 1983. Terrestrial isopods from West Africa, Part 3: family Armadillidae Verhoeff, 1917. Monitore Zoologico Italiano Nuova Serie, Supplemento 18:111-157.), from Guinea; C. kenyensisSchmölzer, 1974Schmölzer, K. 1974. Landisopoden aus Zentral- und Ostafrika (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Sitzungsberichte der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, mathematischnaturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abteilung I 182: 147-200., from Uganda and Tanzania; C. legai (Arcangeli, 1941Arcangeli, A. 1941. Crustacea, Isopoda. In: Zavattari, E. ed. Missione biologica Sagan-Omo. Zoologia. 6. Myriapoda, Arachnida, Tardigrada, Crustacea, Mollusca. Rome, Reale Accademia d’Italia, Centro Studi per l’Africa Orientale Italiana. vol. 12, p.5-18.), from Ethiopia; C. mineri (Van Name, 1936Van Name, W. G. 1936. The American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 71:1-535.), from Venezuela and Guyana; C. parituberculatus (Taiti & Ferrara, 1987Taiti, S. & Ferrara, F. 1987. Contributions to the knowledge of the mountain fauna of Malawi. 6. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea). Revue de Zoologie Africaine 101:69-102.), from Malawi; C. regulus (Van Name, 1920Van Name, W. G. 1920. Isopods collected by the American Museum Congo Expedition. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 43:41-108.), from Zaire and Somalia; and C. strinatii (Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983Schmalfuss, H. & Ferrara, F. 1983. Terrestrial isopods from West Africa, Part 3: family Armadillidae Verhoeff, 1917. Monitore Zoologico Italiano Nuova Serie, Supplemento 18:111-157.), from Congo. The species of the genus are mainly distinguished by the number and disposition of dorsal tubercles. In having four tubercles on pleonites 3 and 4 and two on pleonite 5 and telson, C. tuberosus resembles C. gabunensis, from which it differs in the number and disposition of tubercles on the cephalon and pereon (compare Fig. 75 with Fig. 154 in Schmalfuss & Ferrara 1983Schmalfuss, H. & Ferrara, F. 1983. Terrestrial isopods from West Africa, Part 3: family Armadillidae Verhoeff, 1917. Monitore Zoologico Italiano Nuova Serie, Supplemento 18:111-157.).
Distribution. Haiti, St. Thomas Island, and Brazil (state of Bahia). It is also recorded from the Botanical Garden, Dahlem, near Berlin (Kesselyak, 1930Kesselyák, A. 1930. Über Isopoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger 91:50-66.; Van Name, 1936Van Name, W. G. 1936. The American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 71:1-535.).
Cubaris Brandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.
Cubaris murina Brandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.
Cubaris murinaBrandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.:190; Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.:328; 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.:12, fig. 13; Vilela et al., 1971Vilela, E.; Kudo, H. & Loureiro, M. 1971 . Oniscoides de Dourados, Estado de Mato Grosso. Seiva 31: 183-189.:184; Araujo et al., 1996Araujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.:129, figs 46-47; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:653; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:44; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:81; Niemeyer et al., 2006Niemeyer, J. C. & da Silva, E. M. 2006. Efeitos na biomassa de Cubaris murina Brandt (Crustacea: Isopoda) expostos ao solo com glifosato em laboratório. Jornal Brasileiro da Sociedade de Ecotoxicologia 1: 7-20.:14; 2009Niemeyer, J. C.; Santos, V. C.; Araujo, P. B. & da Silva, E. M. 2009. Reproduction of Cubaris murina (Crustacea: Isopoda) under laboratory conditions and its use in ecotoxicity tests. Brazilian Journal of Biology 69(1 ): 137-142.:138; Niemeyer & da Silva, 2006Niemeyer, J. C. & da Silva, E. M. 2006. Efeitos na biomassa de Cubaris murina Brandt (Crustacea: Isopoda) expostos ao solo com glifosato em laboratório. Jornal Brasileiro da Sociedade de Ecotoxicologia 1: 7-20.:18; Appel et al., 2011Appel, C.; Quadros, A. F. & Araujo, P. B. 2011. Marsupial extension in terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Nauplius 19(2):123-128.:124, fig. 2B, C; Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425:417, fig. 40; Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.:3, table 1.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Espírito Santo: many ♂ and ♀, Linhares, 19°25’45”S, 40°05’12”W, 11.III.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 5971). Mato Grosso do Sul: 3♂, 2♀, 1 manca, Bonito, Bonito HI-Hostel, 21°07’22”S, 56°30’06”W, 12.XI.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 6011); 2♂, 3♀, Jardim, RPPN Rio da Prata, 21°27’41”S, 56°26’23”W, 13.XI.2014, G. M. Cardoso col. (UFRGS 6014). Santa Catarina: ♂, 4♀, Florianópolis, Praia Jurerê, 27°26’S, 48°29’W, 04.III.2005, P. B. Araujo col. (UFRGS 6475)
Previous Brazilian records. Pará: Arapera (Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.). Pará, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (Lemos de Castro, 1971Lemos de Castro, A. 1971. Isopodos terrestres introduzidos no Brasil (Isopoda, Oniscoidea). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia 282:1-14.). Bahia: Simões Filho (Niemeyer et al., 2006Niemeyer, J. C. & da Silva, E. M. 2006. Efeitos na biomassa de Cubaris murina Brandt (Crustacea: Isopoda) expostos ao solo com glifosato em laboratório. Jornal Brasileiro da Sociedade de Ecotoxicologia 1: 7-20., 2009Niemeyer, J. C.; Santos, V. C.; Araujo, P. B. & da Silva, E. M. 2009. Reproduction of Cubaris murina (Crustacea: Isopoda) under laboratory conditions and its use in ecotoxicity tests. Brazilian Journal of Biology 69(1 ): 137-142.; Niemeyer & da Silva, 2006Niemeyer, J. C. & da Silva, E. M. 2006. Efeitos na biomassa de Cubaris murina Brandt (Crustacea: Isopoda) expostos ao solo com glifosato em laboratório. Jornal Brasileiro da Sociedade de Ecotoxicologia 1: 7-20.); Gruta dos Brejões, Morro do Chapéu (Campos-Filho et al., 2014Campos-Filho, I. S.; Araujo, P. B.; Bichuette, M. E.; Trajano, E. & Taiti, S. 2014. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:360-425). Mato Grosso: Dourados (Vilela et al., 1971Vilela, E.; Kudo, H. & Loureiro, M. 1971 . Oniscoides de Dourados, Estado de Mato Grosso. Seiva 31: 183-189.). Santa Catarina: Blumenau and Timbó (Araujo et al., 1996Araujo, P. B.; Buckup, L. & Bond-Buckup, G. 1996. Isópodos terrestres (Crustacea, Oniscidea) de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia 81:111-134.). Paraná: Foz do Iguaçu (Zimmermann et al., 2015bZimmermann, B. L.; Bouchon, D.; Almerão, M. P. & Araujo, P. B. 2015b. Wolbachia in Neotropical terrestrial isopods. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91(4):fiv025.).
Remarks. The synonym list presented here includes the original description and the works mentioning Brazil. The complete list is available in Schmalfuss (2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.).
Distribution. Circumtropical. In Brazil, this species is recorded from the states of Pará, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Espírito Santo, Paraná and Santa Catarina.
Diploexochus Brandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.
Diploexochus echinatus Brandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.
Diploexochus echinatusBrandt, 1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.:192, pl. IV, figs 20, 21; Milne-Edwards, 1840Milne-Edwards, M. 1840. Ordre des isopodes. In: Histoire Naturelle des Crustacés, comprenant l’anatomie, la physiologie et la classficiation de ces animaux. Paris, Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret. Tome Troisième, p. 115-283.:180; Budde-Lund, 1909:54; Richardson, 1912Richardson, H. 1912. Description of a new terrestrial isopod belonging to the genus Cubaris from Panama. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 42:477-479.:479; Arcangeli, 1934Arcangeli, A. 1934. Note di revisione sulla famiglia Armadillidae. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della Reale Università di Torino 44:83-119.:92, 1957Arcangeli, A. 1957. I generi Diploexochus, Venezillo, Paramardillo [sic] (crostacei isopodi terrestri). Bollettino dell’Istituto e Museo di Zoologia dell'Università di Torino 5:101-142.:101; Van Name, 1936Van Name, W. G. 1936. The American land and freshwater isopod Crustacea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 71:1-535.:398, figs 241-243; Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.:322; Souza-Kury, 1998Souza-Kury, L. A. 1998. Malacostraca. Peracarida. Isopoda. Oniscidea. In: Young, P. ed. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, p. 653-674.:6532; Leistikow & Wägele, 1999Leistikow, A. & Wägele, J. W. 1999. Checklist of terrestrial isopods of the New World (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 16(1):1-72.:44; Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.:90.
Armadillo echinatus; Budde-Lund, 1879Budde-Lund, G. 1879. Prospectus generum specierumque Crustaceorum Isopodum Terrestrium. Copenhagen, Imprimerie de Jørgensen & Knudtzon. 10p.:7; 1885Budde-Lund, G. 1885. Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria per Familias et Genera et Species Descripta. Copenhagen, Nielsen & Lydiche.:26, 1904Budde-Lund, G. 1904. Spherilloninae. Armadillo. In: A revision of Crustacea Isopoda terrestria, with additions and illustrations . Copenhagen, H. Hagerup , p. 33-144.:104, pl. IX figs 35-37.
Cubaris echinatus; Pearse, 1917Pearse, A. 1917. Isopoda collected by the Bryant Walker Expedition to British Guiana, with notes on Crustacea from other localities. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology of University of Michigan 46: 1-8.:3.
Cubaris gaigeiPearse, 1917Pearse, A. 1917. Isopoda collected by the Bryant Walker Expedition to British Guiana, with notes on Crustacea from other localities. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology of University of Michigan 46: 1-8.:2, fig. 1; Van Name, 1925Van Name, W. G. 1925. The isopods of Kartabo, Bartica District, British Guiana. Zoologica 6:461-503.:467.
Material examined. FRENCH GUIANA: ♂, 3♀, RN Nouragues, Saint Pararé, 4.VII.2010, S. E. A. G. col. (MZUF 9653). BRAZIL, Pará: 3♂, 3♀, 3 juveniles, FLONA Caxiuanã, 25.VIII.2012, E. G. Cafofo col. (MZUF 9652).
Diploexochus echinatus Brandt, 1833, ♂: 98, adult specimen, lateral view; 99, disposition of dorsal tubercles; 100, dorsal scale-seta; 101, cephalon and pereonite 1, dorsal view; 102, cephalon and pereonites 1, caudal view; 103, cephalon and pereonites 1-3, frontal view; 104, epimera of pereonites 1-7, ventral view; 105, pleonites 3-5, telson and uropods, dorsal view; 106, pleonites 3-5, telson and uropods, ventral view; 107, antennula; 108, antenna.
Diploexochus echinatus Brandt, 1833, ♂: 109, left mandible; 110, right mandible; 111, maxillula; 112, maxilla; 113, maxilliped; 114, uropod.
Diploexochus echinatus Brandt, 1833, ♂: 115, pereopod 1; 116, pereopod 7; 117, genital papilla; 118, pleopod 1; 119, pleopod 2; 120, pleopod 3 exopod; 121, pleopod 4 exopod; 122, pleopod 5 exopod.
Previous Brazilian records. Pará: Acará and Belém (Ilha do Marajó) (Lemos de Castro, 1967Lemos de Castro, A. 1967. Isópodos terrestres da Amazônia brasileira. Atas do Simpósio sôbre a Biota Amazônica 5:311-336.).
Redescription. Maximum body length: ♂ 9 mm, ♀ 9.5 mm. Color dark brown. Endoantennal conglobation (Fig. 98). Dorsum covered with large triangular and acute tubercles, arranged as follows (Fig. 99): vertex of cephalon with 12 tubercles in three rows; pereonite 1 with 24 tubercles; pereonites 2-6 with 15 tubercles; pereonite 7 with 13 tubercles; pleonites 3 and 4 with one row of four tubercles, pleonite 5 and telson with two paramedian tubercles each. Dorsal surface with short semi-circular scale-setae (Fig. 100). Cephalon (Figs 101-103) with frontal shield prominent, distinctly protruding above vertex; eye with about 20 ommatidia. Pereonites with epimera flattened and directed outwards; pereonite 1 strongly grooved on lateral margin, inner lobe of schisma rounded, slightly extending beyond posterior margin of outer lobe (Figs 103, 104), pereonite 2 with triangular ventral lobe; pereonite 3 with small rounded ventral lobe; pereonites 5-7 with oblique ventral ridge (Fig. 104). Pleonites 3-5 (Figs 105, 106) with epimera well developed, quadrangular slightly directed outwards. Telson quadrangular, proximal part broader than distal part, dorsum slightly depressed, distal margin concave. Antennula (Fig. 107) of three articles, proximal and distal articles subequal in length, distal article with many aesthetascs inserted apically and subapically. Antenna (Fig. 108) short, not surpassing rear margin of pereonite 1; flagellum of two articles, distal article about three times as long as first bearing two rows of two aesthetascs. Mandible (Figs 109, 110) with molar penicil simple; left mandibles with 2+1 and right mandible with 1+1 free penicils. Maxillula (Fig. 111) outer branch with 4+6 simple teeth; inner branch with two stout penicils. Maxilla (Fig. 112) bilobate, outer lobe three times as wide as inner lobe, covered with thin setae, inner lobe covered with thick setae. Maxilliped (Fig. 113) endite with medial seta overpassing distal margin, distal margin slightly rounded with two short triangular setae; palp with two setae on basal article. Pleopods 1-5 with monospiracular respiratory structures. Uropod (Fig. 114) protopod flattened, enlarged on basal part, distal part subrectangular, medial margin slightly concave; exopod short inserted dorsally near medial margin below distinct lobe.
Male: pereopods 1 and 7 (Figs 115, 116) with no particular modifications. Genital papilla as in Fig. 117. Pleopod 1 (Fig. 118) exopod small, triangular, wider than long, outer and inner margin with many setae; endopod about three times as long as exopod, distal part slightly bent outwards. Pleopod 2 (Fig. 119) exopod triangular, outer margin strongly concave bearing many setae; endopod slightly longer than exopod. Pleopod 3-5 exopods as in Fig. 120-122.
Remarks. Diploexochus was erected by Brandt (1833Brandt, I. 1833. Conspectus Monographiae Crustaceorum Oniscodorum Latreillii. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody 6:171-193.) to allocate D. echinatus from Brazil. To date, the genus includes with certainty only the type-species (Schmalfuss, 2003Schmalfuss, H. 2003. World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde 654: 1-341.).
Distribution. Guyana, French Guiana, Trinidad and Brazil (state of Pará).
Acknowledgments.
We are grateful to Dr Marcos Tavares and Maria José from MZUSP for the assistance in material deposit; to ICMBio (Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade), SisBio (Sistema de Autorização e Informação em Biodiversidade) for the license to collect (license number 25716); to CNR, ISE (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy) for hosting ISC-F during his postdoctoral; to CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) for the Ph.D. and postdoctoral scholarships granted to ISC-F (MCT/CNPq/MEC/CAPES/PROTAX 562202/2010-2 and PDE 204468/2014-0) and productivity fellowship to PBA; to CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior) for the PNPD scholarship to ISC-F (CAPES/PNPD/UFCG/CTRN/PPGRN/201713705-5).
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Publication Dates
-
Publication in this collection
2017
History
-
Received
20 Jan 2017 -
Accepted
14 July 2017