Evaluation of crystallization kinetics of poly (ether-ketone-ketone) and poly (ether-ether-ketone) by DSC

Vasconcelos, Gibran da Cunha; Mazur, Rogerio Lago; Botelho, Edson Cocchieri; Rezende, Mirabel Cerqueira; Costa, Michelle Leali

doi:10.5028/jatm.2010.02026310

Abstract:

The poly (aryl ether ketones) are used as matrices in advanced composites with high performance due to its high thermal stability, excellent environmental performance and superior mechanical properties. Most of the physical, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of semi-crystalline polymers depend on the degree of crystallinity and morphology of the crystalline regions. Thus, a study on the crystallization process promotes a good prediction of how the manufacturing parameters affect the developed structure, and the properties of the final product. The objective of this work was to evaluate the thermoplastics polymers PEKK e PEEK by DSC, aiming to obtain the relationship between kinetics, content, nucleation and geometry of the crystalline phases, according to the parameters of the Avrami and Kissinger models. The analysis of the Avrami exponents obtained for the studied polymers indicates that both showed the formation of crystalline phases with heterogeneous nucleation and growth geometry of the type sticks or discs, depending on the cooling conditions. It was also found that the PEEK has a higher crystallinity than PEKK.

Keywords:
Crystallinity; PEKK; PEEK; DSC

Full text is available only in PDF.

REFERENCES

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» https://doi.org/10.1021/ma970092l

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
May-Aug 2010

History

Received
01 Apr 2010
Accepted
20 Apr 2010

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] Canevarolo Jr, S.V., 2004, "Estrutura Molecular do Estado sólido", "Comportamento térmico dos polímeros", "Comportamento mecânico dos polímeros", In: "Ciência dos Polímeros", São Paulo: Artliber, pp. 67, 127-137, 157-158.

[2] Denault, J., Guillemenet, J., 1996, "Continuous carbon and glass fiber reinforced polypropylene: optimization of the compression molding process", International SAMPE Symposium, SAMPE, no. 41, pp. 1688-1700.

[3] Ferrara, J.A., 2004, "Manifestations of Crystallization in the Processing of High Performance Thermoplastic Composites", Washington: University of Washington.

[4] Gardner, K.H., and Matheson, R.R.J., 1990, "Polym", Sci. Lett, Vol. 28, pp. 28, 243.

[5] Hsiao, B.S.; Chang, I.Y.; Sauer, B.B., 1991, "Isothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(ether ketone ketone) and its carbon-fibre-reinforced composites". Polymer, Vol. 32, No 15, pp. 2799-2805. doi: 10.1016/0032-3861 (91) 90111-U.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861

[6] Krebs, J.; Bhattacharyya, D.; Friedrich, K., 1997, "Production and evaluation of secondary composites aircraft components - a comprehensive case study", Composites: part A, Vol. 28A, pp. 481-489.

[7] Lamberti, G., and Naddeo, C., 2006, "Some issues on polymer crystallization kinetics studied by DSC non isothermal tests", Polymer Bulletin, Vol. 56, No 6, pp. 591-598. doi: 10.1007/s00289-006-0518-2.
» https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-006-0518-2

[8] Lucas, E.F.; Soares, B.G.; Monteiro, E.E.C., 2001, "Caracterização de polímeros: determinação de peso molecular e análise térmica", Rio de Janeiro: E-papers.

[9] Phillips, R.; Glauser, T.; Månson, J.A.E., 1997, "Thermal stability of PEEK/carbon fiber in air and its influence on consolidation", Polymer Composites, Vol. 18, No 4, pp.500-508.

[10] Pratte, J.F.; Bai, J.M.; Leach, D., 2002, "Poly (Ether Ketone Ketone) Matrix Composites", International SAMPE Technical Conference, Baltimore, MD, USA, Vol. 34, pp. 949-958.

[11] Salek, M.H., 2005, "Effects of Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon/PEKK Thermoplastic Composite Materials", SAMPE 2005, Long Beach, CA.

[12] Sidel, S.M., et al, 2008, "Parâmetros de cristalização não-isotérmica do sistema vítreo Li₂O-TeO₂-WO₃", Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia e Ciência dos Materiais, Vol. 18, Porto de Galinhas (PE), Brazil.

[13] Thornburrow, P., 2000, "Design and process interactions in reinforced thermoplastics", In: Owen, A.M.J.; Midleton, V.; Jones, I.A. (Eds.). Integrated design and manufacture using fibre-reinforced composites. Boca Raton, USA: CRC Press.

[14] Velisaris, C.N., and Seferis, J.C., 1986, "Polym", Eng. Sci., Vol. 26, p. 26.

[15] Vries, H., 2006, "Influence of processing parameters on mechanical properties of PEKK/AS4", National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, International Symposium on Composites Manufacturing Technology for Aircraft Structures, Vol. 3, Marknesse, Holland.

[16] Wang, W.; Schultz, J.M.; Hsiao, B.S., 1997, "Dynamic study of crystallization- and melting-induced phase separation in PEEK/PEKK blends", Macromolecules, Vol. 30, No. 16, pp. 4544-4550. doi: 10.1021/ma970092l.
» https://doi.org/10.1021/ma970092l

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