Volatile Constituents of Floral Scents from <i>Encyclia cordigera</i> (Kunth) Dressler and <i>E. randii</i> (Barb. Rodr.) Porto &amp; Brade (Orchidaceae)

Vasconcelos, Franciléia M. de; Andrade, Eloisa Helena A.; Teixeira, Luiz Otávio A.; Maia, José Guilherme S.

doi:10.21577/0103-5053.20210127

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Article • J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 33 (1) • Jan 2022 • https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210127 copy

Volatile Constituents of Floral Scents from Encyclia cordigera (Kunth) Dressler and E. randii (Barb. Rodr.) Porto & Brade (Orchidaceae)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Encyclia cordigera is native from Central America tropical region, and Encyclia randii occurs at Brazilian Amazon environment domains. Floral concentrates from both Encyclia species were extracted, analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and identified compounds belong to terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and fatty acid derivatives classes. Primary constituents of the E. cordigera floral scent were β-ionol (45.4%), terpinen-4-ol (12.4%), benzyl benzoate (5.6%), and indole (5.0%). (2E,6Z)-Farnesol (24.9%), heptanal (11.8%), (E)-nerolidol (9.4%), nonanal (6.4%), p-vinyl-guaiacol (6.0%), and phenylethyl benzoate (5.3%) have predominated in the floral scent of E. randii. From the olfactory standpoint, E. cordigera scent was previously characterized as a blend of ionone-floral and aromatic-floral notes. Very likely, E. randii scent presents the woody fragrance due to sesquiterpenes (2E,6Z)-farnesol and (E)-nerolidol and the fruity note from the aldehydes heptanal and nonanal. Floral perfume plays a fundamental role in attracting pollinating insects, whose symbiosis contributes to the appearance of chemical variations in orchid species.

Keywords:
Orchidaceae; floral scents; β-ionol; (2E,6Z)-farnesol; volatile concentrates

Compound	RI_Calc	RI_Lit	Constituents / %
Compound	RI_Calc	RI_Lit	E. cordigera	E. randii
2-Methyl-3-pentanone	745	742^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.	3.5
(2E)-Penten-1-al	751	744^b	4.4
1-Pentanol	756	759^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.	1.3
1-Hexen-3-ol	784	778^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.	0.2
(3E)-Hexen-1-ol	843	844^b		3.0
(3Z)-Hexen-1-ol	853	853^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.		0.9
2,3-Heptanedione	884	885^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.		0.7
Heptanal	898	901^b	1.4	11.8
Benzaldehyde	952	952^b	0.4
trans-m-Mentha-2,8-diene	978	979^b		4.4
Benzene acetaldehyde	1038	1036^b	0.4	2.8
(E)-β-Ocimene	1047	1044^b	3.8
(2E,4E)-Hexadienol acetate	1071	1070^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.		1.3
p-Cresol	1075	1071^b		2.6
Linalool	1098	1095^b	0.2	5.5
Undecane	1102	1100^b	0.2
cis-Rose oxide	1109	1106^b	1.9
Nonanal	1113	1107^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.		6.4
Phenylethyl alcohol	1118	1113^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.		5.0
trans-Rose oxide	1125	1122^b	0.7
Terpinen-4-ol	1174	1174^b	12.4
2-Methoxy-p-cresol	1184	1188^b		1.5
Methyl salicylate	1190	1190^b	0.6
Dodecane	1196	1200^b		0.2
Indole	1289	1290^b	5.0
(3E-6Z)-Nonadienol acetate	1300	1296^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.		0.5
Tridecane	1308	1300^b		0.4
p-Vinyl-guaiacol	1316	1309^b		6.0
α-Cubebene	1339	1345^b	0.1
α-Longipinene	1356	1350^b	2.6
(E)-β-Damascenone	1383	1383^b	0.3
Tetradecane	1408	1400^b		0.4
Dodecanal	1415	1408^b		0.4
β-Ionol	1417	1412^b	45.4
(E)-Caryophyllene	1422	1417^b	2.3
(E)-β-Ionone	1485	1487^b	3.1
(E,E)-α-Farnesene	1508	1505^b	1.6
(E)-Nerolidol	1564	1561^b	1.7	9.4
cis-β-Elemenone	1585	1589^b		4.6
Dillapiole	1619	1620^b		0.9
(2E,6Z)-Farnesol	1719	1716^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.		24.9
Benzyl benzoate	1758	1759^b	5.6
Phenylethyl benzoate	1864	1856^a a Mondello;21 bAdams.19 RICalc: calculated retention index (Rxi-5ms column); RILit: literature retention index; in bold: main constituents above 5%.		5.3
n-Hexadecanol	1881	1874^b		0.8
Terpenoids (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes)			76.1	48.8
Fatty acid derivatives			11.0	26.8
Phenylpropanoids/benzenoids			12.0	24.1
Total / %			99.1	99.7

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