Scheme 1
Biginelli MCR catalyzed by 1,3-dissulfonic acid benzimidazolium chloride 1.
Scheme 2
Microwave-assisted Biginelli reaction catalyzed by 2.
Scheme 3
Preparation of benzoquinazoline derivatives through modified Biginelli reaction catalyzed by 3.
Scheme 4
Biginelli-type reaction catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized 1,3-dialkylimidazolium catalyst 4.
Scheme 5
Enantioselective Biginelli MCR catalyzed by dual-functional BAIL 5.
Scheme 6
HPAILs-catalyzed Biginelli multicomponent reaction.
Scheme 7
Biginelli-like multicomponent reactions catalyzed by heterogeneous SO3H-functionalized ionic liquid catalysts 9 and 10.
Scheme 8
Synthesis of 1,4-DHP derivatives via Brønsted acidic ionic liquid-catalyzed four-component Hantzsch reaction.
Scheme 9
Synthesis of 1,4-DHP through one-pot sequential oxidation/Hantzsch reaction catalyzed by 12 and NaNO3.
Scheme 10
Synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines via Hantzsch MCR catalyzed by polymer-supported catalyst 13 and HPAIL 6.
Scheme 11
Synthesis of 1,4-DHPs catalyzed by PEG1000-DAIL 14.
Scheme 12
Synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives through four-component synthesis catalyzed by BAIL immobilized on FeIII-MCM-41-IL 15.
Scheme 13
Synthesis of dihydropyrido[2,3-
d]pyrimidine derivatives through MCR catalyzed by MOF
BAIL@UiO-6616.
Scheme 14
Reaction mechanism for the Hantzsch reaction catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized BAILs.
Scheme 15
Synthesis of 2-alkylquinolines catalyzed by BAIL 17.
Scheme 16
Synthesis of quinoline derivatives catalyzed by 18 and 19.
Scheme 17
Methodologies for the synthesis of hexahydroquinolines via Hantzsch four-component reaction catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized imidazolium-based catalysts 14, 19-22.
Scheme 18
Reaction mechanism for the synthesis of hexahydroquinolines catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized BAILs.
Scheme 19
Synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles via four-component reaction catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized BAILs 23 and 19.
Scheme 20
Reaction mechanism for the synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized BAILs.
Scheme 21
BAIL-catalyzed multicomponent synthesis of 2-pyrrolidinones and pyrrol-2-ones.
Scheme 22
A pseudo five-component reaction for the synthesis of 4,4’-(arylmethylene)-bis(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol) derivatives catalyzed by SO3H-difunctionalized BAIL 26.
Scheme 23
Synthesis of bis-pyrazoles through MCR catalyzed by dicationic BAIL immobilized on Fe3O4@SiO2 27.
Scheme 24
Reaction mechanism for the synthesis of bis-pyrazoles catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized BAILs.
Scheme 25
Three-component synthesis of 2-amino-4-aryl-4H-chromene-3-carbonitriles catalyzed by BAIL 27-30.
Scheme 26
Reaction mechanism for the synthesis of 4H-pyran derivatives catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized BAILs.
Scheme 27
Synthesis of 9-aryl-1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives via MCR catalyzed by BAILs.
Scheme 28
Synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthene-11-ones through MCR catalyzed by SO3H-difunctionalized BAILs.
Scheme 29
Synthesis of polycyclic 4H-pyrans using MCR catalyzed by different BAILs.
Scheme 30
Synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives using multicomponent reactions catalyzed by different BAILs.
Scheme 31
Synthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidinones catalyzed by BAIL immobilized on Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles 38.
Scheme 32
Synthesis of 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-1,6,11(13H)-triones through 3-CR or 4-CR approaches catalyzed by BAILs.
Scheme 33
Synthesis of 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-1,6,11(13H)-triones through 3-CR catalyzed by immobilized BAIL 47.
Scheme 34
Synthesis of 1-amidoalkyl-2-napthols through MCR catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized BAILs.
Scheme 35
Synthesis of 1-amidoalkyl naphthols through MCR catalyzed by BAIL immobilized on silica-gel support 48.
Scheme 36
Synthesis of β-acetamido ketones through MCR catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized BAILs.
Scheme 37
Synthesis of β-acetamido ketones through four-component synthesis catalyzed by cationic alkyl SO3H-functionalized poly(4-vinylpyridine) polymer 50.
Scheme 38
Synthesis of 3-methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazole-5(4H)-ones through MCR catalyzed by BAIL 51.
Scheme 39
Synthesis of highly substituted 2-amino-3-cyanopyridines using acidic ionic liquid catalysts 20 and 39.
Scheme 40
Synthesis of dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines via MCR catalyzed by BAIL 29.
Scheme 41
Synthesis of highly functionalized pyridines through one-pot three-component synthesis catalyzed by BAIL 52.
Scheme 42
Synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridines through MCR catalyzed by BAIL 39.
Scheme 43
BAIL-catalyzed synthesis of spiro heterocycles (selected examples).