A grande capacidade do paládio de formar ligações carbono-carbono entre substratos apropriadamente funcionalizados permitiu que os químicos orgânicos efetuassem transformações antes impossíveis ou alcançáveis somente através de rotas muito longas. Neste contexto, uma das mais elegantes e importantes aplicações das reações de acoplamento cruzado catalisadas por paládio é a síntese de compostos de interesse farmacêutico. A presente revisão tem por objetivo apresentar uma visão geral do uso de acoplamentos cruzados na síntese de componentes de medicamentos (ou de candidatos a medicamentos), independentemente da escala, compreendendo o período de 2011 até o final de julho de 2014.
Reviews • J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 25
(12)
• Dez 2014 • https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20140255 linkcopiar
Recent Progress in the Use of Pd-Catalyzed C-C Cross-Coupling Reactions in the Synthesis of Pharmaceutical Compounds
Autoria
person André F. P. Biajoli
schoolLaboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, BrazilInstitute of ChemistryBrazilPorto Alegre, RS, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
person Cristiane S. Schwalm
schoolLaboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, BrazilInstitute of ChemistryBrazilPorto Alegre, RS, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
person Jones Limberger
schoolLaboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, BrazilInstitute of ChemistryBrazilPorto Alegre, RS, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
person Thiago S. Claudino
schoolLaboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, BrazilInstitute of ChemistryBrazilPorto Alegre, RS, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
person Adriano L. Monteiro
*
Adriano L. Monteiro obtained his PhD degree from the Université Paul Sabatier (Toulouse, France) in 1993 working with PhD Igor Tkatchenko, and was a postdoctoral fellow in 1998 at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Cambridge, USA) working with Prof Stephen L. Buchwald. He joined the Department of Organic Chemistry of UFRGS (Porto Alegre, Brazil) in 1994 as assistant professor and is currently associate professor of Organic Chemistry. His research focuses on homogeneous catalysis with emphasis on metal-mediated synthetic methodologies for the construction of C-C bonds.
Cristiane S. Schwalm obtained her PhD degreein 2014from Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Campinas, Brazil) under advice of Prof Carlos Roque Duarte Correia. She is currently a postdoctoral fellow in Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre, Brazil), where she works on the synthesis of novel ligands for ethylene oligomerization under the supervision of Prof Adriano Lisboa Monteiro.
Thiago S. Claudino graduated in Pharmacy (2003) and Master in Pharmaceutical Sciences (2009) from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Currently, he is a PhD student in Chemistry at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul under guidance of Prof Adriano Lisboa Monteiro. He has experience onthefollowing subjects: organic synthesis, catalysis and medicinal chemistry.
André F. P. Biajoli studied at Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Campinas, Brazil), obtaining a PhD in organic chemistry under the guidance of Prof Carlos Roque D. Correia. He is currently a postdoctoral fellow in the Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis (LAMOCA) at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre, Brazil) with Prof Adriano L. Monteiro as supervisor, with his research focusing mainly on cross-coupling reactions.
Jones Limberger obtained his PhD degree from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre, Brazil) in 2012 under advice of Prof Adriano Lisboa Monteiro. He has currently a postdoctoral fellow in Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis (Porto Alegre, Brazil), under supervision of Prof Jairton Dupont. His current research interests focus on development of novel metal-catalyzed methodologies for the obtainment of fine chemical products.
SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS
Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, BrazilInstitute of ChemistryBrazilPorto Alegre, RS, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
Figuras
imageScheme 1 General catalytic cycles for the Pd-catalysed reactions. open_in_new

imageScheme 2 Sequential Suzuki reactions in the synthesis of D159687 (1). open_in_new

imageFigure 1 PDE4D allosteric modulators D159404 (4) and D159153 (5). open_in_new

imageScheme 3 Suzuki reaction of an aryl chloride en route to 9. open_in_new

imageScheme 4 Optimized Suzuki reaction for the synthesis of 10. open_in_new

imageScheme 5 Suzuki reaction for the synthesis of PF-01367338 (14). open_in_new

imageScheme 6 Synthesis of 17 by means of a Suzuki reaction with the advanced boron pinacolate intermediate 19. open_in_new

imageScheme 7 Synthesis of boron pinacolate derivative 19. open_in_new

imageScheme 8 Synthesis of GDC-0941 (24) through a Suzuki reaction of THP-protected boronic acid 26. open_in_new

imageScheme 9 Optimized Suzuki reaction en route to 28. open_in_new

imageScheme 10 Suzuki-like reaction of acid chloride 33 for the synthesis of 32. open_in_new

imageScheme 11 First generation conditions or the Suzuki reaction aiming at 36. open_in_new

imageScheme 12 Optimized Suzuki reaction in the synthesis of 36. open_in_new

imageScheme 13 Aiming at 42 by means of a Suzuki reaction. open_in_new

imageScheme 14 Optimized synthesis of 42. open_in_new

imageFigure 2 Examples of PI3K selective inhibitors. open_in_new

imageScheme 15 Suzuki reaction of iodothiophenes open_in_new

imageScheme 16 Retrosynthetic plan for the final steps of the Walker et al.36 large-scale synthesis of AMG 837 (53). open_in_new

imageScheme 17 Original Suzuki reaction employed for the synthesis of biphenyl 54. open_in_new

imageScheme 18 Optimized preparation of biphenyl 54. open_in_new

imageScheme 19 Simplified initial route for preparation of compounds 63. open_in_new

imageScheme 20 Modified Suzuki reaction in the synthesis of 62. open_in_new

imageScheme 21 Employment of a different solvent system for the Suzuki reaction en route to 62. open_in_new

imageScheme 22 Low loading of Pd in a Suzuki reaction for the synthesis of 66. open_in_new

imageScheme 23 A Suzuki reaction followed by ozonolysis for the preparation of 69. open_in_new

imageScheme 24 Preparation of 76 by means of a Suzuki reaction with activation of a sp3 carbon. open_in_new

imageScheme 25 Key steps in the synthesis of 77. open_in_new

imageFigure 3 Chiral ligand employed for the asymmetric Suzuki reaction of 81. open_in_new

imageScheme 26 Synthesis of 84 with a Negishi coupling as key step. open_in_new

imageScheme 27 Synthesis of 88 with low loadings of Pd in a Negishi coupling. open_in_new

imageScheme 28 Optimal Sonogashira conditions for the synthesis of 92. open_in_new

imageScheme 29 Sonogashira cross-coupling with alkynyl pyridine 99. open_in_new

imageScheme 30 Heck reaction as a tool for assembling the isoquinoline ring of 101. open_in_new

imageScheme 31 Sonogashira reaction between bromide 110 and advanced alkyne 109. open_in_new

imageScheme 32 Intramolecular Stille reaction to provide macrocycle 116. open_in_new

imageScheme 33 Total synthesis of the HIV-1 integrase inhibitor 119 using a Stille reaction to append the carbonylated side-chain to the central pyridine ring. open_in_new

imageScheme 34 Example of an iron-catalyzed Kumada reaction in the synthesis of 122. open_in_new

imageScheme 35 Synthesis of idebenone (124) based on Heck reaction of 2-bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxy-1-methylbenzene with dec-9-en-1-ol under microwave irradiation. open_in_new

imageScheme 36 Synthesis of the ginkgolic acid based on the Heck reaction of aryl triflate 130. open_in_new

imageScheme 37 Heck reaction in synthesis of olopatadine (133) and trans-olopatadine (134). open_in_new

imageScheme 38 Two Heck-based approaches employed in the synthesis of caffeine-styryl derivatives. open_in_new

imageScheme 39 Synthesis of piperidine analogues by Heck reactions. open_in_new

imageScheme 40 Process for axitinib based on palladium catalyzed Migita C-S coupling and Heck reaction. open_in_new

imageScheme 41 Synthesis of (R)-tolterodine based on a Heck-Matsuda reaction and enantioselective reduction of compound 152. open_in_new

imageScheme 42 Heck-Matsuda reaction applied in the synthesis of 158, an intermediate in the synthesis of 154. open_in_new

imageScheme 43 Heck-Matsuda as key step in the syntheses of abamine SG, abamine and naftifine. open_in_new

imageScheme 44 Synthesis of 167 by means of a Heck-Matsuda reaction. open_in_new

imageScheme 45 Double Heck-Matsuda arylation en route to 172. open_in_new

imageScheme 46 Initial model studies for the synthesis of 176. open_in_new

imageScheme 47 Synthesis of 176 by means of a modified Heck-Matsuda procedure. open_in_new

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