Chang et al.,44 Garcia-Cairasco N, Moyses-Neto M, Del Vecchio F, Oliveira JA, dos Santos FL, Castro OW, et al. Elucidating the neurotoxicity of the star fruit. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013;52:13067-70. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201305382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201305382...
2002 |
10 days |
1 |
M |
64 |
CKD without the need for dialysis |
2 carambolas |
Back pain, hiccups, nausea, vomit, confusion and agitation |
1 day |
Improvement after dialysis |
Wu et al.,77 Wu CC, Denq JC, Tsai WS, Lin SH. Star fruit-induced neurotoxicity in two patients with chronic renal failure. J Med Sci 2002;22:75-8. 2002 |
5 days |
2 |
M & F |
62 & 75 |
CKD without the need for dialysis |
4 pieces of carambola sweet |
Hiccups and altered conscience |
12 hours,8 hours |
Improvement after dialysis |
Tse et al.,66 Tse KC, Yip PS, Lam MF, Choy BY, Li FK, Lui SL, et al. Star fruit intoxication in uraemic patients: case series and review of the literature. Intern Med J 2003;33:314-6. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1445-5994.2003.00402.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1445-5994.20...
2003 |
10 months |
7 |
M (5) & F (2) |
Between 39 and 77 |
CKD under dialysis (5) and without the need for dialysis (2) |
- |
Acute confusion and hypercalcemia (4). Ventilatory support (1). Mild symptoms (2). |
8 hours |
Spontaneous recovery (2). Improvement after dialysis (5). |
Hung ef al., 88 Hung SW, Lin ACM, Chong CF, Wang TL, Ma HP. Fatal outcome after star fruit (averrhoa carambola) ingestion in patient with chronic renal insufficiency. Ann Disaster Med 2004; 3:56-9. 2004 |
5 days |
1 |
F |
65 |
CKD without the need for dialysis |
1 carambola |
Vomit, hiccups, diarrhea and numbness on lower limbs, progressing to epilepsy. |
2 hours |
Hemodialysis was carried out but the patient died. |
Tsai et al.,1010 Tsai MH, Chang WN, Lui CC, Chung KJ, Hsu KT, Huang CR, et al. Status epilepticus induced by star fruit intoxication in patients with chronic renal disease. Seizure 2005;14:521-25. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2005.08.004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2005...
2005 |
7 days and 23 days |
2 |
M & F |
84 & 74 |
CKD without the need for dialysis |
3 fruits in three days and 3 fruits in two days. |
Hiccups, vomits, confusion and agitation, developing epilepsy. |
- |
Despite hemodialysis, the patients died. |
Neto et al.,1111 Neto MM, Silva GEB, Costa RS, Neto OMV, Cairasco NG, Lopes NP, et al. Star fruit: simultaneous neurotoxic and nephrotoxic effects in people with previously normal renal function. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;2:485-8. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndtplus/sfp108 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndtplus/sfp108...
2009 |
- |
5 |
M (4) F (1) |
Between 34 and 67 |
Prior normal kidney function |
15 fruits in 7 hours, 1 liter of juice in 3 hours, 1.5 liters of juice in 3 hours, 12 fruits in 1 hour and 300 ml of juice in 30 minutes in an empty stomach. |
All the patients had hiccups, back pain, vomits, insomnia and acute renal failure (4). |
3-8 hours |
Improvement without the need for dialysis. |
Martins et al.,99 Auxiliadora-Martins M, Alkmin Teixeira GC, da Silva GS, Viana JM, Nicolini EA, Martins-Filho OA, et al. Severe encephalopathy after ingestion of star fruit juice in a patient with chronic renal failure admitted to the intensive care unit. Heart Lung 2010;39:448-52. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2009.09.003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2009....
2010 |
5 days |
1 |
F |
53 |
CKD without the need for dialysis |
Carambola juice |
Nausea, vomits, hiccups, confusion, agitation, seizures, dyspnea and tachypnea. |
2 days |
Despite hemodialysis, the patient died. |
Moreira et al., 2010 |
4 days |
1 |
M |
56 |
CKD without the need for dialysis |
4 carambolas |
Malaise, headache, nausea, vomit, followed by seizures. |
24 hours |
Despite hemodialysis, the patient died. |
Yamamoto et al.,1212 Yamamoto R, Morita S, Aoki H, Nakagawa Y, Yamamoto I, Inokuchi S. Acute renal failure and metabolic acidosis due to oxalic acid intoxication: a case report. Tokai J Exp Clin Med 2011;36:116-9. PMID: 22167493 2011 |
31 days |
1 |
M |
59 |
Prior normal kidney function |
30 ml of oolong tea mixed with oxalic acid. |
Sore throat, tachypnea, heartburn, nausea, acute kidney failure and metabolic acidosis. |
4 hours |
There was improvement after hemodialysis. |
Scaranello et al.,1313 Scaranello KL, Alvares VR, Carneiro DM, Barros FH, Gentil TM, Thomaz MJ, et al. Star fruit as a cause of acute kidney injury. J Bras Nefrol 2014;36:246-9. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/0101-2800.20140036 http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/0101-2800.2014...
2014 |
|
1 |
F |
44 |
Previous normal kidney function |
30 carambolas + juice from 20 carambolas |
Diarrhea for 4 days, followed by nausea, vomit, abdominal pain in colic and low urinary volume |
24 hours |
Improvement after two hemodialysis sessions |