A great number of agents found in inhaled air, whether in the environment or in the workplace, can cause symptoms and diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Unfortunately, establishing the cause-and-effect relationship between exposure to one of the various types of agents that can provoke such diseases and the diseases themselves is not routine practice among the health professionals involved. A comprehensive list of these agents and their relationships with the effects and onset of such illnesses is available in the literature. Chief among these ills are rhinosinusitis, dysphonia and ulceration/perforation of the nasal septum, as well as tumors in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses, all of which can be work related. Although widely available, diagnostic procedures for the investigation of occupational etiology are not yet routinely employed. In general, early identification of, and discontinuation of the contact with, the causal agent can resolve the problem, thereby averting the development of the chronic form of the disease. As with other types of occupational respiratory diseases, prevention and control programs are indispensable in the fight against these illnesses.
Occupational diseases; Environmental exposure; Respiratory tract diseases; Sinusitis; Rhinitis, allergic, perennial; Working conditions; Occupational exposure