Colorectal Cancer Mortality Across the American Continent: Temporal Trends

Lopes, Lucas Casagrande Passoni

doi:10.1055/s-0045-1809671

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Original Article • J Coloproctol 45 (2) • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1809671 linkcopy

Colorectal Cancer Mortality Across the American Continent: Temporal Trends

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Understanding temporal trends in CRC mortality is crucial for guiding public health policies and resource allocation.

Objective To evaluate the temporal trends of CRC mortality rates across the American continent.

Materials and Methods This retrospective, population-based study used data from the Pan American Health Organization for its development. Age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 individuals were collected for the period 2000–2019 and stratified by country and sex. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to estimate the annual percentage change (APC) and assess temporal trends.

Results CRC mortality trends varied across regions and sexes. In South and Central America, mortality rates increased, particularly in the early 2000s, whereas North America experienced a general decline. Gender-specific trends showed significant increases in South and Central American women, while men exhibited rising trends except in North America, where rates steadily declined.

Conclusions The study identified distinct trends in CRC mortality across the Americas, with increasing rates in some countries and declines in others. Socioeconomic factors, healthcare access, and sex-based differences appear to contribute to these variations. These findings underscore the need for targeted public health strategies to reduce colorectal cancer burden and address disparities in early detection and treatment.

Keywords
America; mortality; colorectal cancer; sex

Cohort	Segment	Lower Endpoint	Upper Endpoint	APC	Lower CI	Upper CI	P-Value
South America	1	2000	2012	0.62	0.51	1.07	< 0.01
South America	2	2012	2019	0.17	−0.76	0.41	0.43
Central America	1	2000	2003	4.26	3.42	5.53	< 0.01
Central America	2	2003	2006	−1.39	−2.05	−0.12	0.03
Central America	3	2006	2014	1.86	1.60	2.35	< 0.01
Central America	4	2014	2019	−0.63	−1.32	−0.09	0.02
North America	1	2000	2009	−1.51	−2.59	−1.24	< 0.01
North America	2	2009	2019	−1.01	−1.27	0.19	0.07
Total	1	2000	2003	2.28	1.69	3.33	< 0.01
Total	2	2003	2006	−0.83	−1.30	0.07	0.08
Total	3	2006	2014	1.13	0.94	1.64	< 0.01
Total	4	2014	2019	−0.45	−0.98	−0.06	0.02

Cohort	Segment	Lower Endpoint	Upper Endpoint	APC	Lower CI	Upper CI	P-Value
South Americas	1	2000	2019	0.29	0.13	0.45	< 0.01
Central America	1	2000	2003	5.44	3.81	7.45	< 0.01
Central America	2	2003	2008	−0.52	−2.12	0.31	0.16
Central America	3	2008	2014	2.25	1.65	3.88	< 0.01
Central America	4	2014	2019	−1.07	−2.08	−0.34	< 0.01
North America	1	2000	2009	−1.57	−2.67	−1.28	< 0.01
North America	2	2009	2019	−0.89	−1.16	0.29	0.08
Total	1	2000	2003	3.17	2.33	4.49	< 0.01
Total	2	2003	2006	−1.48	−2.12	−0.22	0.01
Total	3	2006	2014	1.20	0.95	2.06	< 0.01
Total	4	2014	2019	−0.66	−1.47	−0.13	0.01

Cohort	Segment	Lower Endpoint	Upper Endpoint	APC	Lower CI	Upper CI	P-Value
South America	1	2000	2010	1.12	0.88	1.57	< 0.01
South America	2	2010	2019	0.21	−0.32	0.48	0.28
Central Americas	1	2000	2019	0.99	0.71	1.28	< 0.01
North Americas	1	2000	2019	−1.36	−1.51	−1.21	< 0.01
Total	1	2000	2003	1.44	0.48	2.83	< 0.01
Total	2	2003	2006	−0.57	−1.19	1.50	0.23
Total	3	2006	2011	1.59	−0.02	2.51	0.05
Total	4	2011	2019	0.07	−0.22	0.36	0.56

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