Passively Q-Switched Pulses Generation from Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Using Lutetium Oxide as Saturable Absorber

Mohamed, N. A.; Hamida, B. A.; Eltaif, T.; Jafry, A. A. A.; Harun, S. W.

doi:10.1590/2179-10742021v20i11034

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Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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Article • J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl. 20 (1) • Mar 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742021v20i11034 copy

Passively Q-Switched Pulses Generation from Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Using Lutetium Oxide as Saturable Absorber

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

In this paper, a configuration of a passive Q-switched Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a Lutetium Oxide (Lu₂O₃) thin film as a saturable absorber (SA) is experimentally implemented to generate high pulse energy with a high signal to noise ratio. A stable Q-switched pulse train is initiated at the input pump power of 30.442mW, and a maximum pulse energy of 16.11 nJ is obtained at an output power of 0.97 mW, which confirms the stability of the pulses. It was possible to increase the repetition rate of the Q-switched laser from 31.25 to 60.2 kHz as the pump power was raised from 30.442 mW to 71.652 mW. Moreover, the pulse width decreased from 11.4 µs to 4.27 µs and 66.4 dB of the received signal-to-noise ratio at the radio frequency spectrum was achieved.

Index Terms
Q-switched; erbium-doped fiber laser; Lutetium oxide; fiber laser; saturable absorber

SA materials	Q-switching Threshold (mW)	Max. Repetition Rate (kHz)	Min. Pulse Width (µs)	Max Output Power (mW)	SNR	Refs.
r-GO	120	116	1.85	14.6	–	[¹⁵[15] G. Sobon, J. Sotor, J. Jagiello, R. Kozinski, K. Librant, M. Zdrojek, L. Lipinska, K. M. Abramski “Linearly polarized, Q-switched Er-doped fiber laser based on reduced graphene oxide saturable absorber,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 101, no. 24, pp. 4. 2012.]
BPs	56	82.85	5.52	4.3	37	[¹⁶[16] E. I. Ismail, N. A. Kadir, A. A. Latiff, H. Ahmad, S. W. Harun “Black phosphorus crystal as a saturable absorber for both a Q-switched and mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser,” RSC Advances, vol. 6, no. 76, pp. 72692-72697. 2016]
MoS₂	15.5	27	5.4	1.7	54.4	[¹⁷[17] Z. Luo, Y. Huang, M. Zhong, Y. Li, J. Wu, B. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Cai, J. Peng, J. Weng “1-, 1.5-, and 2-μm Fiber Lasers Q-Switched by a Broadband Few-Layer MoS2 Saturable Absorber,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 32, no. 24, pp. 4077-4084. 2014.]
Bi₂Se₃	9.3	40.1	4.9	1.6	50	[¹⁸[18] L. Sun, Z. Lin, J. Peng, J. Weng, Y. Huang, Z. Luo, “Preparation of Few-Layer Bismuth Selenide by Liquid-Phase-Exfoliation and Its Optical Absorption Properties,” Scientific Reports, vol. 4, pp. 1-9. 2014.]
Lu₂O₃	30.4	60.2	4.75	0.97	55	This work

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