Föcker et al.1919 Föcker M, Stalder T, Kirschbaum C, Albrecht M, Adams F, de Zwaan M. Hair cortisol concentrations in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa are lower compared to healthy and psychiatric controls. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2016;24:531-5.
|
2016 |
22 adolescents with AN - restrictive type 20 adolescent HC 117 adolescent PC |
Female |
14-18 years |
Hair |
- |
AN |
Mean/Median (pg/mg) AN = 6.72 (5.19)/5.30 HC = 12.55 (9.69)/9.25 PC = 10.99 (12.41)/7.72 |
Levy-Shraga et al.3636 Levy-Shraga Y, David D, Vered I, Kochavi B, Stein D, Modan-Moses D. Hyponatremia and decreased bone density in adolescent inpatients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Nutrition. 2016;32:1097-1102.
|
2016 |
174 adolescents with AN (64 with hyponatremia and 110 with normonatremia) |
Female |
10-19 years (mean: 15.7 ± 1.8) |
Serum |
7 AM-9 AM |
AN |
Total = 607.3 ± 170.0 (nmol/L) Hyponatremia = 574.9 ± 169.6 Nomonatremia = 624.8 ± 168.6 |
Paszynska et al.2020 Paszynska E, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor M, Slopien A. Salivary alpha-amylase, secretory IgA and free cortisol as neurobiological components of the stress response in the acute phase of anorexia nervosa. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2016;17:266-73.
|
2016 |
101 adolescents (47 with AN and 54 controls) |
Female |
15.0 ± 2.0 |
Salivary |
9 AM-11 AM |
AN |
Mean (SD)/Median ng/mL: AN = 5.03 ± 2.85/4.5 CG = 3.77 ± 2.2/3.58 |
Pitts et al.3333 Pitts S, Blood E, Divasta A, Gordon CM. Percentage body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is associated with menstrual recovery in adolescents with anorexia nervosa. J Adolesc Health. 2014;54:739-41.
|
2014 |
37 adolescents with AN (24 with ROM) |
Female |
Mean age: 18 years |
Serum |
- |
AN |
Mean (µg/dL) Total = 15.9 (7.6) Without ROM = 16.5 (8.3) ROM = 15.6 (7.3) |
Ostrowska et al.2121 Ostrowska Z, Ziora K, Oświęcimska J, Wołkowska-Pokrywa K, Szapska B. Assessment of the relationship between melatonin, hormones of the pituitary-ovarian, -thyroid and -adrenocortical axes, and osteoprotegerin and its ligand sRANKL in girls with anorexia nervosa. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (online). 2013;67:433-41.
|
2013 |
107 adolescents (86 with AN and 21 controls) |
Female |
AN = 15.48 ± 1.58 C = 15.86 ± 1.94 |
Serum |
9 AM |
AN |
Mean (SD) µg/dL: AN = 24.17 ± 11.91 CG = 13.45 ± 4.67 |
Bühren et al.2222 Bühren K, Mainz V, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Schäfer K, Kahraman-Lanzerath B, Lente C. Cognitive flexibility in juvenile anorexia nervosa patients before and after weight recovery. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2012;119:1047-57.
|
2012 |
55 adolescents (28 with AN) |
Female |
Mean age (SD): AN = 15.6 (1.5) GC = 15.0 (1.7) |
Serum |
7 AM-10 AM |
AN |
Mean (SD) nmol/L: AN T0 = 912.4 (205.3) AN T1 = 686.5 (201.3) CG = 514.8 (201.0) |
Ginty et al.2323 Ginty AT, Phillips AC, Higgs S, Heaney JL, Carroll D. Disordered eating behaviour is associated with blunted cortisol and cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012;37:715-24.
|
2012 |
24 adolescents (12 with eating disorders and 12 HC) |
Female |
Mean age: 19 years |
Salivary |
- |
Eating disorders |
Cortisol increased after stress task only in healthy adolescents |
Mainz et al.2424 Mainz V, Schulte-Rüther M, Fink GR, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Konrad K. Structural brain abnormalities in adolescent anorexia nervosa before and after weight recovery and associated hormonal changes. Psychosom Med. 2012;74:574-82.
|
2012 |
19 adolescents with AN 19 adolescent HC |
Female |
AN = 15.6 ± 1.9 CG = 15.7 ± 1.5 |
Serum |
7:30 AM-8:30 AM |
AN |
AN (admission) = 880 ± 190 nmol/L AN (after weight recovery) = 652 ± 147 nmol/L |
Oskis et al.2525 Oskis A, Loveday C, Hucklebridge F, Thorn L, Clow A. Diurnal patterns of salivary cortisol and DHEA in adolescent anorexia nervosa. Stress. 2012;15:601-7.
|
2012 |
8 adolescents with AN - restrictive type 41 adolescent HC |
Female |
AN = 15.46 ± 1.53 CG = 15.13 ± 1.64 |
Salivary |
Upon waking, 30 minutes and 12 hours later |
AN |
Cortisol higher in adolescents with AN at all three times (no absolute data) |
Buehren et al.2626 Buehren K, Konrad K, Schaefer K, Kratzsch J, Kahraman-Lanzerath B, Lente C, et al. Association between neuroendocrinological parameters and learning and memory functions in adolescent anorexia nervosa before and after weight recovery. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2011;118:963-8.
|
2011 |
28 adolescents (10 with AN and 18 controls) |
Female |
12-17 years |
Serum |
7:30 AM-8:30 AM |
AN |
Mean (SD) nmol/L: AN T0 = 895.9 (192.5) AN T1 = 704.2 (204.9) CG = 530.0 (165.0) |
Shibuya et al.3737 Shibuya I, Nagamitsu S, Okamura H, Komatsu H, Ozono S, Yamashita Y, et al. Changes in salivary cortisol levels as a prognostic predictor in children with anorexia nervosa. Int J Psychophysiol. 2001;82:196-201.
|
2011 |
21 adolescents with AN 22 adolescent HC |
Female |
AN = 14.4 ± 1.4 CG = 14.0 ± 1.2 |
Salivary |
7 AM-7 PM |
AN |
Cortisol higher during morning, diminishing gradually until night in both groups (data not described) AUC: AN (before treatment) = 55.7 ± 17.7 AN (after treatment) = 39.1 ± 10.9 CG = 37.0 ± 11.7 |
Ziora et al.2727 Ziora KT, Oswiecimska JM, Swietochowska E, Ostrowska Z, Stojewska M, Gorczyca P, et al. Assessment of serum levels resistin in girls with anorexia nervosa. Part II. Relationships between serum levels of resistin and thyroid, adrenal and gonadal hormones. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2011;32:697-703.
|
2011 |
195 adolescents: 87 with restrictive AN; 17 with NED; 30 with simple obesity; 61 HC |
Female |
11-19 years |
Serum |
- |
AN and NED |
Mean (SD) µg/dL: AN = 23.91 ± 11.92 NED = 21.90 ± 10.93 OB = 14.02 ± 4.93 H = 13.31 ± 4.78 |
Castro-Fornieles et al.2828 Castro-Fornieles J, Bargalló N, Lázaro L, Andrés S, Falcon C, Plana MT, et al. A cross-sectional and follow-up voxel-based morphometric MRI study in adolescent anorexia nervosa. J Psychiatr Res. 2009;43:331-40.
|
2009 |
21 adolescents (12 with AN and 9 controls) |
Both sexes |
11-17 years |
Serum |
During fasting in morning |
AN |
Mean (SD) µg/dL: AN = 18.0 (4.1) AN(after nutritional recovery) = 13.6 (2.8) |
Haas et al.2929 Haas VK, Kohn MR, Clarke SD, Allen JR, Madden S, Müller MJ, et al. Body composition changes in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89:1005-10.
|
2009 |
50 adolescents with AN 40 adolescent HC |
Female |
AN = 15.2 ± 1.5 CG = 14.8 ± 0.8 |
Serum |
7 AM-9 AM |
AN |
AN = 396 ± 190 pmol/L CG = 173 ± 59 pmol/L |
Castro-Fornieles et al.3030 Castro-Fornieles J, Deulofeu R, Baeza I, Casulà V, Saura B, Lázaro L, et al. Psychopathological and nutritional correlates of plasma homovanillic acid in adolescents with anorexia nervosa. J Psychiatr Res. 2008;42:213-20.
|
2008 |
60 adolescents (44 with AN and 16 controls) |
Both sexes |
10-17 years |
Serum |
Morning |
AN |
Mean (SD) µg/dL: AN = 19.3 (8.2) AN(after weight recovery) = 18.6 (15.7) |
Misra et al.3434 Misra M, Prabhakaran R, Miller KK, Goldstein MA, Mickley D, Clauss L, et al. Prognostic indicators of changes in bone density measures in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa-II. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93:1292-7.
|
2008 |
67 adolescents (34 with AN and 33 controls) |
Female |
12-18 years |
Serum |
- |
AN |
mcg/dL 12 h: AN = 6208 ± 1300 CG = 4245 ± 2824 |
Castro-Fornieles et al.3131 Castro-Fornieles J, Bargalló N, Lázaro L, Andrés S, Falcon C, Plana MT, et al. Adolescent anorexia nervosa: cross-sectional and follow-up frontal gray matter disturbances detected with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Psychiatr Res. 2007;41:952-8.
|
2007 |
24 adolescents (12 with AN and 12 controls) |
Both sexes |
11-17 years |
Serum |
Morning |
AN |
Mean (SD) µg/dL: AN = 18.0 (4.1) AN(after weight recovery) = 13.6 (2.8) |
Misra et al.3535 Misra M, Miller KK, Cord J, Prabhakaran R, Herzog DB, Goldstein M, et al. Relationships between serum adipokines, insulin levels, and bone density in girls with anorexia nervosa. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:2046-52.
|
2007 |
36 adolescents (17 with AN and 19 controls) |
Female |
12-18 years |
Serum |
- |
AN |
mcg/dL 12 h: AN = 6208 ± 1300 CG = 4119 ± 820 |
Oświęcimska et al.3232 Oświecimska J, Ziora K, Adamczyk P, Roczniak W, Pikiewicz-Koch A, Stojewska M, et al. Effects of neuroendocrine changes on results of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2007;28:410-6.
|
2007 |
25 adolescents with AN 17 HC |
Female |
12-18 years |
Serum |
8 AM-9 AM |
AN |
AN = 19.31 ± 13.13 µg/dL (normal values = 7-25 µg/dL) |