Morphological aspects of fruits, seeds, seedlings and in vivo and in vitro germination of species of the genus Cleome

Aspectos morfológicos de frutos, sementes, plântulas e germinação in vivo e in vitro de espécies do gênero Cleome

Abstracts

The genus Cleome is widely distributed in drier areas of the tropics and subtropics. Cleome dendroides and C. rosea are Brazilian native species that occur mainly in Atlantic Forest and sandy coastal plains, respectively ecosystems negatively affected by human impacts. Cleome spinosa is frequently found in urban areas. Many Cleome species have been used in traditional medicine, as C. spinosa. In the present work, was investigated C. dendroides, C. rosea and C. spinosa germinative behavior under in vivo conditions, as well as was established suitable conditions to in vitro germination and seedling development. The in vivo germination was performed evaluating the influence of temperature, substrate and light. It was observed that only C. spinosa seeds presents physiological dormancy, which was overcome by using alternate temperatures. The substrate influenced significantly the germination of C. rosea and the seeds of C. dendroides showed the highest germination percentages in the different conditions evaluated. The post-seminal development stages under in vivo and in vitro conditions were defined. It was observed that the development was faster under in vitro than in vivo conditions. An effective methodology for in vitro germination, enabling the providing of material to experiment on plant tissue culture was established to C. dendroides and C. spinosa.

Cleome dendroides; Cleome rosea; Cleome spinosa; post-seminal development

O gênero Cleome encontra-se distribuído em áreas tropicais e subtropicais do mundo. Cleome dendroides é uma espécie endêmica de Mata Atlântica do estado do Rio de Janeiro, enquanto C. rosea é uma espécie nativa que ocorre principalmente em restingas, ambos ecossistemas que sofrem constante impacto antrópico. Cleome spinosa é frequentemente encontrada em áreas urbanas. Muitas espécies de Cleome têm sido utilizadas na medicina tradicional, como C. spinosa. No presente trabalho, avaliou-se a influência do substrato, da temperatura e da luz sobre a germinação in vivo das três espécies, bem como determinaram-se as condições para germinação in vitro e as etapas do desenvolvimento pós-seminal. Observaram-se que apenas sementes de C. spinosa apresentam dormência fisiológica, a qual é superada utilizando-se temperaturas alternadas. O substrato influenciou significativamente a germinação de C. rosea e as sementes de C. dendroides apresentaram alta porcentagem de germinação nas diferentes condições avaliadas. As etapas do desenvolvimento pós-seminal sob condições in vivo e in vitro foram definidas. Observou-se que o desenvolvimento sob condições in vitro foi mais acelerado que in vivo. Uma eficiente metodologia para germinação in vitro foi estabelecida para C. dendroides e C. spinosa, fornecendo material juvenil em condições assépticas para futuros experimentos de cultura de tecidos vegetais.

Cleome dendroides; Cleome rosea; Cleome spinosa; desenvolvimento pós-seminal

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  03 Oct 2014
• Date of issue
  Sept 2014

History

• Received
  14 Aug 2014
• Accepted
  09 Jan 2014