Adjustment of the electrical conductivity test to evaluate the seed vigor of chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.)

The definition of methodologies that allow evaluating the physiological potential of chickpea seeds is important to ensure the commercialization of lots with high performance. Thus, this research aimed to determine the most suitable conditions for conducting the electrical conductivity test in chickpea seeds to classify lots according to vigor level. Therefore, seeds from five lots of cultivar BRS Aleppo and four lots of cultivar Cícero were subjected to tests to characterize their initial quality and the results were compared with those obtained in the electrical conductivity test. To assess electrical conductivity, five soaking periods (2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours) were combined with four volumes of water (75, 100, 150, and 250 mL) at 25 °C temperature. The results show that the electrical conductivity test is efficient in evaluating the physiological potential of chickpea seeds, providing information equivalent to other vigor tests. For the electrical conductivity test, it is recommended to use 50 seeds soaked in 150 mL of water, for 24 h, at 25 °C.

Index terms:
Cicer arietinum L.; physiological potential; soaking period; water volume

Authorship

Joyce de Oliveira Araújo ^**Corresponding author E-mail: joyce.araujo@ufv.br

Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 - Viçosa, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de ViçosaBrazilViçosa, MG, BrazilDepartamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 - Viçosa, MG, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5304-3288

Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0596-2490

Rafaela Marques de Miranda

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7625-6000

Warley Marcos Nascimento

Embrapa Hortaliças, Caixa Postal 280 - Brasília, DF, Brasil.Embrapa HortaliçasBrazilBrasília, DF, BrazilEmbrapa Hortaliças, Caixa Postal 280 - Brasília, DF, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6235-0917

*Corresponding author
E-mail: joyce.araujo@ufv.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Embrapa Hortaliças, Caixa Postal 280 - Brasília, DF, Brasil.Embrapa HortaliçasBrazilBrasília, DF, BrazilEmbrapa Hortaliças, Caixa Postal 280 - Brasília, DF, Brasil.

Figures | Tables

Figures (2)
Tables (2)

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Figure 1
Illustration of every solution volume from BRS Aleppo and Cícero cultivars after 24 h of soaking. For every volume were used plastic cups with 300 mL capacity.

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Figure 2
Electrical conductivity in different chickpea seeds lots, BRS Aleppo and Cícero cultivars, after soaking periods of 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h in 75 (A and E), 100 (B and F), 150 (C and G), and 250 mL (D and H) of distilled water.

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Table 1
Characterization initial of the seed lots quality from two chickpea cultivars: moisture content (MC), germination (G), first germination count (FGC), emergence of seedlings (E), emergence speed index (ESI), cold test (CT), seedlings dry matter (DM) and one thousand-seed weight (TSW).

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Table 2
Electrical conductivity (µS.cm^-1.g^-1) from different chickpea seed lots, BRS Aleppo and Cícero cultivars, in different distilled water volumes and soaking periods.

Figure 1 Illustration of every solution volume from BRS Aleppo and Cícero cultivars after 24 h of soaking. For every volume were used plastic cups with 300 mL capacity.

Figure 2 Electrical conductivity in different chickpea seeds lots, BRS Aleppo and Cícero cultivars, after soaking periods of 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h in 75 (A and E), 100 (B and F), 150 (C and G), and 250 mL (D and H) of distilled water.

Table 1 Characterization initial of the seed lots quality from two chickpea cultivars: moisture content (MC), germination (G), first germination count (FGC), emergence of seedlings (E), emergence speed index (ESI), cold test (CT), seedlings dry matter (DM) and one thousand-seed weight (TSW).

Lot	MC (%)	G (%)	FGC (%)	E (%)	ESI (index)	CT (%)	DM (mg. seedling^-1)	TSW (g)
BRS Aleppo
A1	12.7	95 ab	75 a	99 a	5.7 a	97 a	39.2 ab	391.3 a
A2	12.8	97 a	79 a	98 a	5.5 a	96 a	39.6 a	389.5 a
A3	12.8	90 b	79 a	94 a	5.2 ab	89 ab	35.3 ab	373.5 b
A4	12.7	80 c	56 b	84 b	4.1 c	73 c	25.5 c	350.4 c
A5	12.2	91 b	68 ab	92 a	4.8 b	88 b	32.8 b	398.1 a
F	-	23.51*	5.68*	12.49*	19.00*	24.82*	15.03*	66.07*
CV (%)	-	3.01	11.41	3.63	5.51	4.31	8.63	1.24
Cícero
C1	12.5	68 b	22 b	64 b	3.1 a	57 b	32.3 b	520.5 c
C2	12.3	78 a	41 a	79 ab	3.7 a	82 a	31.2 b	503.8 d
C3	12.5	80 a	30 ab	81 a	3.7 a	80 a	39.0 a	606.6 a
C4	12.4	81 a	38 a	78 ab	3.6 a	76 a	38.3 a	542.7 b
F	-	9.49*	7.88*	4.47*	1.26 ^ns	47.16*	14.87*	372.83*
CV (%)	-	5.05	18.57	9.73	14.91	4.62	5.98	0.86

The means followed by the same letter in the column for each cultivar do not differ statistically by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. * = Significant; ns = not significant; F = calculated F value; CV = coefficient of variation.

Table 2 Electrical conductivity (µS.cm^-1.g^-1) from different chickpea seed lots, BRS Aleppo and Cícero cultivars, in different distilled water volumes and soaking periods.

Soaking period	Lots	Volume of water (mL)
Soaking period	Lots	75	100	150	250
	BRS Aleppo
2 h	A1	21.29 cA	16.93 cB	11.11 cC	9.15 cC
	A2	21.49 cA	17.64 cB	10.86 cC	9.06 cC
	A3	28.23 bA	21.54 bB	13.92 bcC	10.43 bcD
	A4	35.80 aA	27.74 aB	18.06 aC	14.50 aD
	A5	30.80 bA	25.99 aB	16.97 abC	12.46 abD
4 h	A1	29.12 dA	23.60 dB	16.25 cC	10.99 cD
	A2	28.39 dA	23.83 dB	16.05 cC	11.81 cD
	A3	36.76 cA	29.85 cB	20.10 bC	14.03 cD
	A4	51.32 aA	39.96 aB	25.49 aC	22.21 aD
	A5	41.81 bA	35.50 bB	23.30 abC	18.68 bD
8 h	A1	37.58 dA	30.62 dB	21.60 dC	16.50 dD
	A2	36.33 dA	30.36 dB	21.17 dC	16.61 dD
	A3	47.13 cA	37.78 cB	26.16 cC	20.05 cD
	A4	67.27 aA	52.17 aB	35.20 aC	29.49 aD
	A5	56.37 bA	46.73 bB	31.14 bC	24.63 bD
Soaking period	Lots	Volume of water (mL)
Soaking period	Lots	75	100	150	250
	BRS Aleppo
12 h	A1	45.02 dA	35.50 dB	25.41 dC	19.73 dD
	A2	41.26 eA	35.12 dB	24.20 dC	18.98 dD
	A3	54.44 cA	44.42 cB	30.45 cC	23.61 cD
	A4	78.65 aA	62.73 aB	42.10 aC	34.70 aD
	A5	67.14 bA	56.01 bB	37.01 bC	28.91 bD
24 h	A1	56.77 dA	43.74 dB	31.07 dC	23.98 dD
	A2	50.54 eA	43.35 dB	30.04 dC	22.82 dD
	A3	66.08 cA	53.70 cB	36.17 cC	28.17 cD
	A4	91.91 aA	73.71 aB	52.24 aC	40.97 aD
	A5	81.48 bA	65.89 bB	46.03 bC	34.54 bD
CV(%)	6.66
	Cícero
2 h	C1	27.06 aA	23.68 aB	18.35 aC	9.64 aD
	C2	26.76 aA	22.36 aB	15.82 bC	9.47 aD
	C3	21.94 bA	16.54 bB	12.04 cC	8.50 aD
	C4	21.89 bA	16.80 bB	11.64 cC	8.34 aD
4 h	C1	36.28 aA	31.30 aB	23.70 aC	13.97 aD
	C2	36.00 aA	29.79 aB	20.63 bC	13.95 aD
	C3	29.58 bA	23.61 bB	16.48 cC	12.56 aD
	C4	29.27 bA	23.91 bB	15.65 cC	12.22 aD
8 h	C1	46.99 aA	42.69 aB	31.23 aC	19.75 aD
	C2	48.29 aA	42.48 aB	28.88 bC	20.39 aD
	C3	40.17 bA	31.44 bB	22.67 cC	17.31 bD
	C4	39.55 bA	31.87 bB	21.55 cC	16.94 bD
12 h	C1	53.65 bA	48.52 aB	36.51 aC	24.14 aD
	C2	57.49 aA	49.77 aB	35.09 aC	25.07 aD
	C3	49.02 cA	39.12 bB	28.13 bC	21.39 bD
	C4	48.13 cA	39.54 bB	26.73 bC	20.95 bD
24 h	C1	59.13 cA	54.68 bB	44.20 aC	31.21 aD
	C2	60.47 bcA	61.20 aA	43.83 aC	31.07 aC
	C3	63.62 aA	50.05 cB	38.24 bC	27.18 bD
	C4	62.06 abA	51.04 cB	35.42 cC	27.02 bD
CV (%)	4.57

The means followed by the same letters, within each soaking period, uppercase in the rows and lowercase in the column, do not differ from 5% probability by Tukey’s test. CV = coefficient of variation.

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Métricas

Adjustment of the electrical conductivity test to evaluate the seed vigor of chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.)

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[1] *Corresponding author
E-mail: joyce.araujo@ufv.br