| 1 |
Alacaligenes faecalis
|
Aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol and tetracyclines |
Ponericin (G1, G3, W1, W3-desK, W4) |
Pachycondyla geoldii
|
[33, 34] |
| 2 |
Acinetobacter baumannii.
|
Quinolone, beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor, cephalosporin and carbapenem |
Vejovine Crotalicidin Batroxicidin Mastoparan Lycosin II OH-CATH30 |
Vaejovis mexicanus,
Crotalus durissus terrificus,
Bothrops atrox,
Vespa basalis,
Vespa lewisii,
Lycosa singoriensis,
Ophiophagus hannah
|
[35-40] |
| 3 |
Bacillus cereus
|
Beta-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin, oxacillin, penicillin, amoxicillin, and cefepime |
Ponericin (G4, G6, L2, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5, W6) Melectin Polybia (MP-II, MP-III) Defensin-NV Wa-PLA2 |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Melecta albifrons,
Polybia paulista,
Nasonia vitripennis,
Walterinnesia aegyptia
|
[12, 34, 41-44] |
| 4 |
Bacillus subtilis
|
Chloramphenicol, tetracycline, rifampicin and streptomycin |
Ponericin (G1, G3, G4, G6, L2, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5, W6, Q42) Lasioglossin (LL-I, LL-II, LL-III) Lasiocepsin Halictine (1, 2) Macropin Panurgine I (PNG-I, K, R) Codesane Scorpine Heteroscorpine-I Bactridine (1, 2) 5Opistoporin 1 Pandinin (1, 2) Parabutoporin Mucroporin Imcroporin Ctriporin Lycocitin (I, II) Latarcin (1, 2a, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5, 6a, 7) Cyto-insectotoxin 1a Latartoxin 1a Mastoparan Mastoparan (B, PDD-A, PDD-B, MP, PMM) Agelaia-MP Protonectin Polybia-CP Anoplin Eumenitin Decoralin Crabrolin Dominulin (A, B) Wa-PLA2 |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Ectatomma quadridens,
Lasioglossum laticeps, Lasioglossum laticeps, Halictus sexcinctus,
Macropis fulvipes,
Panurgus calcaratus,
Colletes daviesanus,
Pandinus imperator,
Heterometrus
laoticus,
Tityus discrepans,
Opistophtalmus carinatus,
Pandinus imperator,
Opistophtalmus carinatus,
Lychas
mucronatus,
Isometrus maculates,
Chaerilus tricostatus,
Lycosa singoriensis,
Lachesana tarabaevi,
Vespa basalis,
Vespa lewisii,
Polistes dorsalis dorsalis,
Mischocytarus phthisicus,
Polistes major major
Agelaia pallipes pallipes,
Polybia paulista,
Anoplius samarienis, Oreumenes
decorates,
Eumenes rubronotatus,
Vespa crabro,
Polistes dominulus,
Walterinnesia aegyptia
|
[27, 34, 37, 38, 41, 44-70] |
| 5 |
Bacillus thuringiensis
|
Amoxicillin and ampicillin |
Lycotoxin (I, II) Anoplin Eumenitin Decoralin |
Lycosa carolinensis,
Anoplius samariensis,
Eumenes rubronotatus,
Oreumenes decorates
|
[67-69, 71, 72] |
| 6 |
Citrobacter freundii
|
Penicillins, cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, aminoglycosides, phenicols, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and nitrofuran |
Pilosulin 1 Melittin |
Myrmecia pilosula,
Apis mellifera
|
[73-80] |
| 7 |
Enterobacter cloacae
|
Beta-lactamases or carbapenemases ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalothin, and cefoxitin |
Ponericin G1, G3, L2, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5 Hadrurin Vejovine Heterin (1, 2) Pantinin (1, 2, 3) Spiniferin Mastoparan (VT1, VT2, VT3, VT4, VT5, VT6) Anoplin Eumenitin |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Hadrurus aztecus,
Vaejovis mexicanus,
Heterometrus spinifer,
Pandinus imperator,
Vespa basalis,
Vespula lewisii,
Anoplius samariensis, Eumenes rubronotatus
|
[34, 56, 65, 67, 68, 81-84] |
| 8 |
Escherchia coli
|
Ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, co-trimoxazole, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, cefotaxime, and gentamicin, chloramphenicol |
Ponericin (G1, G3, L2, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5, Q42, Q49, Q50) Pilosulin 1 Melittin Melectin Lasioglossin (LL-I, LL-II, LL-III) Lasiocepsin |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Myrmecia pilosula,
Apis mellifera,
Melecta albifrons,
Lasioglosssum laticeps
|
[22, 23, 28, 29, 34, 36, 37, 38, 41-44, 46-52, 55-59, 62-70, 72, 73, 75-80, 82, 83-96] |
| Halictine (1, 2) Macropin Panurgine I PNG-I, K, R) Codesane Scolopin (1, 2) Conolysin-Mt ω-conotoxin MVIIA Opiscorpine 1 Opistoporin 1 Parabutoporin Pandinin (1, 2) Hadrurin Vejovine Heterin (1, 2) Meucin (13, 18) Mucroporin Imcroporin Ctriporin Pantinin (1, 2, 3) Spiniferin Stigmurin Mauriporin Crotamin Crotalicidin Batroxicidin Lycotoxin (I, II) Lycocitin (I, II) Latarcin (2a, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5, 6a, 7) Cyto-insectotoxin 1a Latartoxin 1a Mastoparan Mastoparan (B, X, VT1, VT2, PDD-A, PDD-B, MP, PMM) Polybia-MP (I, II, III) Agelaia-MP Protonectin Polybia-CP Anoplin Eumenitin Decoralin Crabrolin Dominulin (A, B) Defensin-NV Myotoxin (II, III) Wa-PLA2 CTX-3 CTX-1 |
Halictus sexcintus,Macropis flavus,Panurgus calcaratus,Colletes daviesanus,Scolopendra subspinipes,Conus mustelinus,Conus spp., Opistophthalmus carinatus, Pandinus imperator, Hadrurus aztecus, Vaejivis mexicanus, Heterometrus spinifer, Mesobuthus eupeus, Lychas mucronatus, Isometrus maculates, Chaerilus tricostatus, Tityus stigmurus, Androctonus mauritanicus, Crotalus durissus, Crotalus durissus terrificus, Bothrops atrox, Lycosa carolinensis, Lycosa singoriensis, Lachesana tarabaevi, Vespa basalis, Vespa lewisii, Vespa spp., Polybia paulista, Agelaia pallipes pallipes, Anoplius samariensis, Oreumenes decorates, Eumenes rubronotatus, Vespa crabro, Polistes dominulus, Nasonia vitripennis, Bothrops asper, Walterinnesia aegyptia, Naja naja atra, Naja naja
|
| 9 |
Enterococcus faecalis
|
Tetracycline, erythromycin, ampicillin and ciprofloxacin |
Ponericin (G1, G3, L2, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5, W6) Melittin Bactridine (1, 2) Opistoporin 1 Hadrurin Pandinin (1, 2) Parabutoporin Crotalicidin Batroxicidin Mastoparan Mastoparan (B, VT1, VT2, VT3, VT6, VT7) Decoralin |
Pachycondyla geoldii,Apis mellifera,Tityus discrepans,Opistophtalmus carinatus,Hadrurus aztecus,Pandinus imperator,Opistophtalmus carinatus,Crotalus durissus terrificus,Bothrops atrox,Vespa basalis,Vespa spp., Oreumenes decorates
|
[34, 36, 37, 54-57, 69, 75-80, 84, 97] |
| 10 |
Haemophilus influenza
|
Ampicillin, cefuroxime, clarithromycin, cefaclor, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and chloramphenicol |
Opistoporin 1 Parabutoporin |
Opistophtalmus carinatus
|
[55, 98] |
| 11 |
Klebsiella pneumonia
|
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ceftriaxone, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, aztreonam. |
Ponericin (G1, G3, G4, G6, L2, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5) Pilosulin 1 Opistoporin 1 Hadrurin Parabutoporin Vejovine Mauriporin Crotalicidin Batroxicidin Mastoparan Mastoparan (B, VT1, VT2, VT3, VT4, VT6, VT7) Decoralin |
Pachycondyla geoldii,Myrmecia pilosula,Opistophtalmus carinatus,Hadrurus aztecus,Vaejivis mexicans,Androctonus mauritanicus,Crotalus durissus terrificus,Bothrops atrox,Vespa basalis,Vespa spp., Oreumenes decorates
|
[34, 36-38, 44, 55, 56, 69, 73, 82, 85, 98, 99] |
| 12 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
|
Fosfomycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin, imipenem, piperacillin, tobramycin, gentamicin, and meropenem |
Ponericin (G1, G3, G4, G6, L2, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5, W6, Q42) Pilosulin 1 Melittin Melectin Lasioglossin (LL-I, LL-II, LL-III) Halictine (1, 2) Lasiocepsin Macropin Panurgine I (PNG-I, K, R) Codesane Bactridine (1, 2) Opistoporin 1 Hadrurin Pandinin (1, 2) Parabutoporin Vejovine Mucroporin Imcroporin Ctriporin Mauriporin Crotamin Crotalicidin Batroxicidin Lycocitin II Latarcin (2a, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5, 6a, 7) Cyto-insectotoxin 1a Latartoxin 1a Mastoparan (VT1, VT2, VT3, VT4, VT6, VT7) Polybia-MP (I, II, III) Agelaia-MP Protonectin Polybia-CP Anoplin Eumenitin Defensin-NV Wa-PLA2 Lmut Tx CTX-1 |
Pachycondyla geoldii,Myrmecia pilosula,Apis mellifera,Melecta albifrons,Lasioglossum laticeps,Halictus sexcinctus,Macropis fulvipes,Panurgus calcarutus,Colletes daviesanus,Tityus discrepans,Opistophthalmus carinatus,Hadrurus aztecus,Pandinus imperator,Vaejivis mexicans,Lychas mucronatus,Isometrus maculates,Chaerilus tricostatus,Androctonus mauritanicus,Crotalus durissus,Crotalus durissus terrificus,Bothrops atrox,Lycosa singoriensis,Lachesana tarabaevi,Vespa spp., Polybia paulista, Agelaia pallipes pallipes, Polybia paulista, Anoplius samariensis, Eumenes rubronotatus, Nasonia vitripennis, Walterinnesia aegyptia, Lachesis muta muta, Naja naja
|
[23, 27, 34, 36, 38, 41-44, 46-51, 54-59, 61-68, 73, 75-80, 82, 84, 96, 100, 101] |
| 13 |
Pseudomonas flourescens
|
Meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam and ceftazidime |
Melittin Heterin (1, 2) Spiniferin Cyto-insectotoxin 1a |
Apis mellifera,
Heterometrus spinifer,
Lachesana tarabaevi
|
[63, 75-80, 83, 102] |
| 14 |
Proteus mirabilis
|
Fluoroquinolone, cephalosporin, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin |
Ponericin (G1, G3) Melittin Anoplin Eumenitin |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Apis mellifera,
Anoplius samariensis,
Eumenes rubronotatus
|
[34, 67, 68, 75-80, 102] |
| 15 |
Psuedomonas putida
|
Ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin and ofloxacin, gentamycin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin and netilmicin |
Ponericin (G1, G3, W1, W3-desK, W4) Heterin (1, 2) Pantinin (1, 2, 3) Spiniferin |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Heterometrus spinifer,
Pandinus imperator,
Heterometrus spinifer
|
[34, 83, 92, 103] |
| 16 |
Staphylococcus aureus
|
Beta-lactams, glycopeptides, aminoglycosides, quinolones, oxazolinidones |
Ponericin (G1, G3, G6, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5, W6) Bicarinalin Pilosulin 1 Melittin Melectin Lasioglossin (LL-I, II, III) Halictine (1, 2) Lasiocepsin Macropin Panurgine I (PNG-I, K, R) Codesane Scolopin (1, 2) Conolysin-Mt ω-conotoxin MVIIA Opistoporin 1 Pandinin (1, 2) Parabutoporin Heterin (1, 2) Mucroporin Imcroporin Ctriporin Pantinin (1, 2, 3) Spiniferin Crotamin Crotalicidin Batroxicidin Cyto-insectotoxin 1a Mastoparan Mastoparan (B, VT1, VT2, VT3, VT4, VT6, VT7) Polybia-MP (I, II, III) Agelaia-MP Protonectin Polybia-CP Anoplin Eumenitin Decoralin Crabrolin Defensin-NV Myotoxin (II, III) Wa PLA2 PnPLA2 CTX-3 Lmut Tx OH-CATH30 CTX-1 |
Pachycondyla geoldii,Tetramorium bicarinatum,Myrmecia pilosula,Apis mellifera,Melecta albifrons,Lasioglossum laticeps,Halictus sexcinctus,Lasioglossum laticeps,Macropis fulvipes,Panurgus calcaratus,Colletes daviesanus,Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans,Conus mustelinus,Conus spp., Opistophthalmus carinatus, Pandinus imperator, Heterometrus spinifer, Lychas mucronatus, Isometrus maculates, Chaerilus tricostatus, Crotalus durissus, Crotalus durissus terrificus, Bothrops atrox, Lachesana tarabaevi, Vespa basalis, Vespa spp., Polybia paulista, Agelaia pallipes pallipes, Anoplius samariensis, Eumenes rubronotatus, Oreumenes decorates, Vespa crabro, Nasonia vitripennis, Bothrops asper, Walterinnesia aegyptia, Porthidium nasutum, Naja naja atra, Lachesis muta muta, Ophiophagus hannah, Naja naja,
|
[22, 23, 27-29, 34, 36-38, 40-44, 47-51, 55, 57-59, 63, 65-70, 73, 75-80, 83, 84, 87, 88, 90, 92, 95, 96, 104, 105] |
| 17 |
Salmonella enterica
|
Fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins |
Ponericin (G1, G3, W1, W3-desK) Melittin Heterin (1, 2) Pantinin (1, 2, 3) Spiniferin Stigmurin Mauriporin Wa PLA2 |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Apis mellifera,
Heterometrus spinifer,
Pandinus imperator,
Tityus stigmurus,
Androctonus mauritanicus , Walterinnesia aegyptia
|
[34, 44, 75-80, 83, 85, 92, 93, 106] |
| 18 |
Staphylococcus epidermidis
|
Methicillin, nafcillin, penicillin, cephalothin, cefamandole, streptomycin, and gentamicin |
Ponericin (G1, G3, G6, L2, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5, W6) Pilosulin 1 Pandinin(1, 2) Ctriporin Mauriporin Mastoparan Mastoparan B Polybia-CP Eumenitin Wa PLA2 |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Myrmecia pilosula,
Pandinus imperator,
Chaerilus tricostatus,
Androctonus mauritanicus,
Vespa basalis,
Vespa lewisii,
Vespa basalis,
Polybia paulista,
Eumenes rubronotatus,
Walterinnesia aegyptia
|
[34, 37, 38, 57, 59, 66, 68, 73, 85, 107] |
| 19 |
Shigella flexneri
|
Ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin |
Mastoparan Mastoparan B |
Vespa basalis,Vespa spp. |
[37, 38, 108] |
| 20 |
Serratia liquefaciens
|
Acylureidopenicillins, ticarcillin, cephalosporins, carbapenems, aztreonam, quinolones and antifolates |
Melittin |
Apis mellifera
|
[75-80, 109] |
| 21 |
Serratia marcescens
|
Tetracycline, amoxycillin, amoxycillin/clavulanate and loracarbef |
Ponericin (G1, G3, G6, L2, W3-desK, W4, W5, W6) Melittin Opistoporin 1 Hadrurin Parabutoporin Cyto-insectotoxin 1a |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Apis mellifera,
Opistophtalmus carinatus,
Hadrurus aztecus,
Lachesana tarabaevi
|
[34, 55, 56, 63, 75-80, 109] |
| 22 |
Streptococcus pnuemoniae
|
Beta-lactams, macrolides, lincosamides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) |
Opistoporin 1 Parabutoporin Mastoparan - VT5 |
Opistophtalmus carinatus,
Vespa tropica
|
[55, 84, 110] |
| 23 |
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Erythromycin, clarithromycin |
Ponericin (G1, G3, G4, G6, L2, W1, W3-desK, W4, W5, W6) Crotalicidin Batroxicidin Myotoxin (II, III) |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Crotalus durissus terrificus,
Bothrops atrox,
Bothrops asper
|
[34, 36, 111] |
| 24 |
Streprococcus sanguinis
|
Penicillin, amoxicillin, erythtromycin |
Ponericin (G1, G3, G4, G6, L2, W1, 3-desK, W4, W5, W6) Melittin |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Apis mellifera
|
[34, 75-80, 112] |
| 25 |
Shigella sonnei
|
Ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin |
Mastoparan Mastoparan B Myotoxin (II, III) |
Vespa basalis,
Vespa basalis,
Bothrops asper
|
[37, 38, 108] |
| 26 |
Salmonella typhimurium
|
Streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and ampicillin |
Mauriporin Crotamin Myotoxin (II, III) |
Androctonus mauritanicus,
Crotalus durissus,
Bothrops asper
|
[23, 28, 29, 85, 90, 113] |
| 27 |
Yersinia
enterocolitica
|
Ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and cefazolin |
Ponericin (G1, G2) Bactridine (1,2) |
Pachycondyla geoldii,
Tityus discrepans
|
[34, 54, 87] |
| 28 |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
|
Rifampicin, isoniazid, floroquinolones, kanamycin, amikacin/capreomycin |
VpAmp 1.0 VpAmp 2.0 |
Vaejovis punctatus,
Vaejovis punctatus
|
[114, 115] |