SCImago Journal Rank |
Calculated by taking the average number of weighted citations received during a selected year divided by the number of documents published in that journal during the previous 3 years. |
Relationship coverage between citable items and total output of journal |
Favours more prestigious journal outputs |
[2424. Bollen J, Van de Sompel H, Hagberg A, Chute R. A principal component analysis of 39 scientific impact measures. PLoS One. 2009;4(6):e6022. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006022. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.000...
, 4242. Oosthuizen JC, Fenton JE. Alternatives to the impact factor. Surgeon. 2014;12(5):239-43. doi: 10.1016/j.surge.2013.08.002. PubMed PMID: 24246638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2013.08....
, 4343. Elkins MR, Maher CG, Herbert RD, Moseley AM, Sherrington C. Correlation between the Journal Impact Factor and three other journal citation indices. Scientometrics. 2010;85(1):81-93. doi: 10.1007/s11192-010-0262-0. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-010-0262-...
] |
Age |
Age of journal |
Not found |
Only takes account age of paper in ranking Favours journals established for longer periods of time |
[2121. Hunt GE, Jackson D, Watson R, Cleary M. A citation analysis of nurse education journals using various bibliometric indicators. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(7):1441-5. doi: 10.1111/jan.12069. PubMed PMID: 23725531. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12069...
] |
Evaluation of Research Activity |
ERA ranking from Crookes et al. (2010) |
Accounts for quality of editorial board and peer review process |
Bias towards journals with larger global output |
[2121. Hunt GE, Jackson D, Watson R, Cleary M. A citation analysis of nurse education journals using various bibliometric indicators. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(7):1441-5. doi: 10.1111/jan.12069. PubMed PMID: 23725531. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12069...
] |
Excellence in Research Australia |
Excellence in Research Australia journal ranking from 2010 |
Useful in comparing journals between subject fields with low JIFs |
Has been dropped from assessing research output |
[2121. Hunt GE, Jackson D, Watson R, Cleary M. A citation analysis of nurse education journals using various bibliometric indicators. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(7):1441-5. doi: 10.1111/jan.12069. PubMed PMID: 23725531. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12069...
] |
5-Year Journal Impact Factor |
Calculated by dividing the number of citations in the JCR year by the total number of articles published in the preceding 5 years |
Uses a longer period of measure for greater accuracy |
Still carries intrinsic flaws associated with 2-year JIF |
[2323. Durieux V, Gevenois PA. Bibliometric indicators: quality measurements of scientific publication. Radiology. 2010;255(2):342-51. doi: 10.1148/radiol.09090626. PubMed PMID: 20413749. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.09090626...
, 2929. Friedberg EC. A closer look at bibliometrics. DNA Repair (Amst). 2010;9(10):1018-20. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2010.07.010. PubMed PMID: 20708983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2010.07...
, 3030. Mansour AM, Mollayess GE, Habib R, Arabi A, Medawar WA. Bibliometric trends in ophthalmology 1997-2009. INDIAN J Ophthalmol. 2015 Jan;63(1):54-8. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.151471. PubMed PMID: 25686064. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4363959. https://doi.org/10.4103/0301-4738.151471...
] |
Eigenfactor |
Measures the number of times articles from a journal published in the past 5 years have been cited in a Journal Citation Reports year |
Eliminates self-citations |
Journals have to be assigned to single subject category due to the inability to compare across disciplines similar to JIF |
[3232. Scully C. Impact and other newer factors. Oral Oncol. 2009;45(12):1005. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2009.10.001. PubMed PMID: 19896413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2...
, 3333. Miller CS. Impact versus impact factor and Eigenfactor. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2012;113(2):145-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.08.009. PubMed PMID: 22669108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.0...
, 3434. Roberts WC. Piercing the impact factor and promoting the Eigenfactor. Am J Cardiol. 2011;108(6):896-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.07.002. PubMed PMID: 21884879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.0...
] |
Article influence score |
Calculated using a journals Eigenfactor divided by the fraction of articles published by the journal |
Measures the average influence, per article, of the papers published in a journal |
Journals have to be assigned to single subject category due to the inability to compare across disciplines similar to JIF |
[4242. Oosthuizen JC, Fenton JE. Alternatives to the impact factor. Surgeon. 2014;12(5):239-43. doi: 10.1016/j.surge.2013.08.002. PubMed PMID: 24246638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2013.08....
, 5959. Karanatsiou D, Misirlis N, Vlachopoulou M. Bibliometrics and altmetrics literature review: Performance indicators and comparison analysis. Perform Meas METRICS. 2017;18(1):16-27. doi: 10.1108/PMM-08-2016-0036. https://doi.org/10.1108/PMM-08-2016-0036...
, 6060. Jacso P. Eigenfactor and article influence scores in the Journal Citation Reports. ONLINE Inf Rev. 2010;34(2):339-48. doi: 10.1108/14684521011037034. https://doi.org/10.1108/1468452101103703...
] |
Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) |
Measures the citation impact by weighting a journal’s total citations to the total number of citations within a subject field per number of publications in the last 3 years |
Assesses a journal’s impact within a set context which avoids the disparity encountered between different specialities/fields |
Does not take into account the extent to which papers in a field are cited from other fields |
[4242. Oosthuizen JC, Fenton JE. Alternatives to the impact factor. Surgeon. 2014;12(5):239-43. doi: 10.1016/j.surge.2013.08.002. PubMed PMID: 24246638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2013.08....
, 4444. Mingers J, Yang L. Evaluating journal quality: A review of journal citation indicators, and ranking in business and management. Eur J Oper Res. 2017;257(1):323-37. doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2016.07.058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2016.07.0...
, 4545. Andersson A, Borjesson JL. Operating in an era of impact factor mania. Ups J Med Sci. 2015;120(2):124-31. doi: 10.3109/03009734.2015.1034899. PubMed PMID: 25872663. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4463486. https://doi.org/10.3109/03009734.2015.10...
] |
Integrated Impact Indicator (I3) |
Citation curves are integrated after proper normalization to the same scales of the hundredth percentile |
|
Not found |
[4747. Leydesdorff L. Alternatives to the journal impact factor: I3 and the top-10% (or top-25%?) of the most-highly cited papers. Scientometrics. 2012;92(2):355-65. doi: 10.1007/s11192-012-0660-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-012-0660-...
, 4848. Wagner CS, Leydesdorff L. An Integrated Impact Indicator: A new definition of `Impact’ with policy relevance. Res Eval. 2012;21(3):183-8. doi: 10.1093/reseval/rvs012. https://doi.org/10.1093/reseval/rvs012...
] |
CiteScore |
Calculated by taking the average number of citations received in a calendar year by all items published in that journal in the preceding three years |
-
It is calculated from the Scopus journal list, which is much larger than the Web of Science list and includes more social sciences and humanities journals
-
Includes citations to all documents in its calculation
|
Not found |
[2727. Elwood TW. Altmetrics, Biased Metrics, and Contentious Metrics. J Allied Health. 2017;46(1):62. PubMed PMID: 28255590., 2828. Van Noorden R. Controversial impact factor gets a heavyweight rival. Nature. 2016;540(7633):325-6. doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.21131. PubMed PMID: 27974784. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature.2016.2113...
] |
Free Disposable Hull |
Aggregation of four citation-based indicators, JIF, AI, h-index, and Discounted Impact Factor |
Provides a ranking along with a journals efficiency level compared to other journals |
The four aggregated indicators may not be the most effective combination for optimal accuracy |
[4040. Garcia-Romero A, Santin D, Sicilia G. Another brick in the wall: a new ranking of academic journals in Economics using FDH. Scientometrics. 2016;107(1):91-101. doi: 10.1007/s11192-016-1843-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-016-1843-...
] |
Immediacy index |
Calculated by dividing a journal’s yearly citations by the number of articles published in a given journal (average number of times an article is cited in its year of publication) |
Useful indicator to identify journals publishing in emerging areas of research |
Favours journals who publish earlier in the year |
[2323. Durieux V, Gevenois PA. Bibliometric indicators: quality measurements of scientific publication. Radiology. 2010;255(2):342-51. doi: 10.1148/radiol.09090626. PubMed PMID: 20413749. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.09090626...
] |
Cited half-life |
Number of years, going back from the current year, that account for 50% of the total citations received by a journal in that current year |
Gives information on editorial policy |
Does not reflect scientific value of journal |
[2323. Durieux V, Gevenois PA. Bibliometric indicators: quality measurements of scientific publication. Radiology. 2010;255(2):342-51. doi: 10.1148/radiol.09090626. PubMed PMID: 20413749. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.09090626...
] |
Journal to Field Impact Score |
Average number of cited articles in a specific journal and compares this number with that of other journals in the same research field category |
Overcomes the limitations of JIF regarding research field productivity |
Not found |
[2323. Durieux V, Gevenois PA. Bibliometric indicators: quality measurements of scientific publication. Radiology. 2010;255(2):342-51. doi: 10.1148/radiol.09090626. PubMed PMID: 20413749. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.09090626...
] |
Crown indicator |
Calculated by dividing the average number of received citations by the average number that could be expected for publications of the same type, during the same year, and published in journals within the same field |
Overcomes the limitations of JIF with regards to research field productivity |
Size of a research group influences its productivity - quite simply, the more researchers in a group, the larger the number of published articles |
[2323. Durieux V, Gevenois PA. Bibliometric indicators: quality measurements of scientific publication. Radiology. 2010;255(2):342-51. doi: 10.1148/radiol.09090626. PubMed PMID: 20413749. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.09090626...
] |
Retraction Rate |
Amount of papers retracted in a given period |
Measure of quality of journal |
Number can be skewed as a large number of articles are retracted for fraud |
[3636. Conn VS, Chan KC. Moving beyond counting publications to assess impact. West J Nurs Res. 2015;37(3):283-7. doi: 10.1177/0193945914531700. PubMed PMID: 25646172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945914531700...
, 6161. Fang FC, Casadevall A. Retracted Science and the Retraction Index. Infect Immun. 2011;79(10):3855-9. doi: 10.1128/IAI.05661-11. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.05661-11...
] |
Citation Half-Life |
The median age of articles cited in a journal |
Takes all the ages of all of the articles cited in a journal into consideration |
Only accounts for age of paper in ranking |
[2424. Bollen J, Van de Sompel H, Hagberg A, Chute R. A principal component analysis of 39 scientific impact measures. PLoS One. 2009;4(6):e6022. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006022. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.000...
] |
Citations 2011 JCR/WoS |
Total amount of citations obtained by an article in the JCR/WoS database |
|
Only factors in total number of citations from a journal |
[2121. Hunt GE, Jackson D, Watson R, Cleary M. A citation analysis of nurse education journals using various bibliometric indicators. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(7):1441-5. doi: 10.1111/jan.12069. PubMed PMID: 23725531. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12069...
] |
Citations 2011 Scopus |
Total amount of citations obtained by an article in the Scopus database |
|
Only lists citations from 1996 onwards |
[2121. Hunt GE, Jackson D, Watson R, Cleary M. A citation analysis of nurse education journals using various bibliometric indicators. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(7):1441-5. doi: 10.1111/jan.12069. PubMed PMID: 23725531. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12069...
] |
Altmetrics |
The score is a weighted count of all of the mentions Altmetric has tracked for an individual research output |
-
Scores quantify the digital attention an article receives in a multitude of online sources
-
Social media, Wikipedia, public policy documents, blogs, and mainstream news are tracked and screened by the Altmetric database
|
Not a direct substitute for traditional markers of scientific importance |
[2727. Elwood TW. Altmetrics, Biased Metrics, and Contentious Metrics. J Allied Health. 2017;46(1):62. PubMed PMID: 28255590., 3535. Kali A. Scientific impact and altmetrics. Indian J Pharmacol. 2015;47(5):570-1. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.165184. PubMed PMID: 26600654. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4621686. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.165184...
, 3636. Conn VS, Chan KC. Moving beyond counting publications to assess impact. West J Nurs Res. 2015;37(3):283-7. doi: 10.1177/0193945914531700. PubMed PMID: 25646172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945914531700...
] |
Relative Citation Ratio |
A field-normalized metric that shows the scientific influence of one or more articles relative to the average NIH-funded paper (average NIH paper is composed of the articles co-citation network) |
Replacing journal level with relative article-level assessment would place the many highly influential articles that appear in JIF < 28 journals on an equal footing with those in JIF ≥ 28 journals |
Can be skewed towards authors with better "reputation" |
[4646. Santangelo GM. Article-level assessment of influence and translation in biomedical research. Mol Biol Cell. 2017;28(11):1401-8. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E16-01-0037. PubMed PMID: 28559438. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5449139. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E16-01-0037...
] |
Citation Counts |
Total amount of citations a journal article accumulates |
Can measure impact and influence |
Slow to collect data |
[2525. Neylon C, Wu S. Article-level metrics and the evolution of scientific impact. PLoS Biol. 2009;7(11):e1000242. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000242. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.100...
, 2626. Nigam A, Nigam PK. Citation Index and Impact factor. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2012;78(4):511-6. ] |
Comments |
Comments on a paper |
Can provide valuable and immediate feedback |
Currently sparse and require a change in research reward culture to improve quality |
[2525. Neylon C, Wu S. Article-level metrics and the evolution of scientific impact. PLoS Biol. 2009;7(11):e1000242. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000242. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.100...
] |
Bookmarking statistics |
Total amount of times an article gets bookmarked into a personal library |
Rapid to collect and contain high quality information |
Novel and untested metric |
[2525. Neylon C, Wu S. Article-level metrics and the evolution of scientific impact. PLoS Biol. 2009;7(11):e1000242. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000242. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.100...
] |
D-index |
|
|
Values can be inflated (both JIF and D-index can be inflated) |
[5454. De Sordi JO, Conejero MA, Meireles M. Bibliometric indicators in the context of regional repositories: proposing the {D}-index. Scientometrics. 2016;107(1):235-58. doi: 10.1007/s11192-016-1873-x. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-016-1873-...
] |
Scopus trend line |
Average amount of times an article is cited in the year it is published |
Gives year-to-year comparisons |
Citations can change drastically from year to year |
[4343. Elkins MR, Maher CG, Herbert RD, Moseley AM, Sherrington C. Correlation between the Journal Impact Factor and three other journal citation indices. Scientometrics. 2010;85(1):81-93. doi: 10.1007/s11192-010-0262-0. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-010-0262-...
] |
AR-index |
|
|
Not designed to be a metric used to evaluate journals on its own |
[3636. Conn VS, Chan KC. Moving beyond counting publications to assess impact. West J Nurs Res. 2015;37(3):283-7. doi: 10.1177/0193945914531700. PubMed PMID: 25646172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945914531700...
, 5151. Aoun SG, Bendok BR, Rahme RJ, Dacey Jr. RG, Batjer HH. Standardizing the Evaluation of Scientific and Academic Performance in Neurosurgery-Critical Review of the “h” Index and its Variants. WORLD Neurosurg. 2013;80(5):E85-E90. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.0...
, 5656. Finch A. Can we do better than existing author citation metrics? BIOESSAYS. 2010;32(9):744-7. doi: 10.1002/bies.201000053. PubMed PMID: 20652896. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.201000053...
] |
Hw-index |
Variant of H-index that is dependent on researcher performance and is time-dependent |
|
Not designed to be a metric used to evaluate journals on its own |
[5151. Aoun SG, Bendok BR, Rahme RJ, Dacey Jr. RG, Batjer HH. Standardizing the Evaluation of Scientific and Academic Performance in Neurosurgery-Critical Review of the “h” Index and its Variants. WORLD Neurosurg. 2013;80(5):E85-E90. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.0...
] |
e-index |
Calculated by taking the square root of the surplus of citations in the h-core beyond h2
|
|
Not designed to be a metric used to evaluate journals on its own |
[5252. Abbas AM. Bounds and inequalities relating h-index, g-index, e-index and generalized impact factor: an improvement over existing models. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e33699. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033699. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.003...
, 6262. Dodson MV. Citation analysis: Maintenance of h-index and use of e-index. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009;387(4):625-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.07.091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.07.0...
] |
Web Impact Factor |
Calculated by taking the number of hyperlinks to a site divided by the number of Web pages inside that site |
It can encompass a larger range of journals compared to the Institute for Scientific Information |
There are no standards for the quality of data on the web compared to the Institute for Scientific Information |
[3838. Li X. A review of the development and application of the Web impact factor. ONLINE Inf Rev. 2003;27(6):407-17. doi: 10.1108/14684520310510046. https://doi.org/10.1108/1468452031051004...
] |
Download Statistics (counts) |
|
|
Misleading information and may not directly indicate impact |
[2525. Neylon C, Wu S. Article-level metrics and the evolution of scientific impact. PLoS Biol. 2009;7(11):e1000242. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000242. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.100...
, 2626. Nigam A, Nigam PK. Citation Index and Impact factor. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2012;78(4):511-6. ] |
Social Media |
Between July 2008 and November 2011, all tweets containing links to articles in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) were mined |
Allows for an accurate measure of social impact |
Methods cannot be so easily replicated for all journals |
[3737. Eysenbach G. Can tweets predict citations? Metrics of social impact based on Twitter and correlation with traditional metrics of scientific impact. J Med Internet Res. 2011;13(4):e123. doi: 10.2196/jmir.2012. PubMed PMID: 22173204. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3278109. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.2012...
] |
PageRank |
-
PageRank works by counting the number and quality of links to a page to determine a rough estimate of how important the website is
-
The underlying assumption is that more important websites are likely to receive more links from other websites
|
Measures prestige |
Bias towards journal articles in more prestigious journals |
[3939. Kamath PS, Bologna G. Impact factor: misused and overhyped?. Hepatology. 2009;49(6):1787-9. doi: 10.1002/hep.23040. PubMed PMID: 19475680. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.23040...
] |
g-index |
Given a set of articles ranked in decreasing order of the number of citations that they received, the g-index is the unique largest number such that the top g articles received together at least g2 citations |
|
Favour authors who publish greater volumes of articles |
[3636. Conn VS, Chan KC. Moving beyond counting publications to assess impact. West J Nurs Res. 2015;37(3):283-7. doi: 10.1177/0193945914531700. PubMed PMID: 25646172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945914531700...
, 5252. Abbas AM. Bounds and inequalities relating h-index, g-index, e-index and generalized impact factor: an improvement over existing models. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e33699. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033699. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.003...
, 5353. Bornmann L, Marx W, Schier H. Hirsch-Type Index Values for Organic Chemistry Journals: A Comparison of New Metrics with the Journal Impact Factor. European J Org Chem. 2009;(10):1471-6. doi: 10.1002/ejoc.200801243. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.200801243...
] |
AWMF’s evaluation of medical research performance |
Scores quality of researcher based on whether the individual has contributed to progress in his or her discipline Assessed on 3 different levels:
1st Level: Evaluation of publications a) In recognized scientific journals with peer review b) In other media (books, guidelines etc.) c) Citation by guideline recommendations
2nd Level: Active contributions to scientific organizations or boards and editorships
3rd Level: Leadership in organizing scientific conferences |
|
Time consuming to go through each research report and grade it |
[2222. Herrmann-Lingen C, Brunner E, Hildenbrand S, Loew TH, Raupach T, Spies C, et al. Evaluation of medical research performance-position paper of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF). Ger Med Sci. 2014;12:Doc11. doi: 10.3205/000196. PubMed PMID: 24971044. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4071625. https://doi.org/10.3205/000196...
] |
Standardized Average Index |
Calculated by finding the percentage of each journal’s JIF and h-index out of the total JIF and h-index sums within a defined discipline, respectively, and taking the average of the sum of these two percentage values € |
SA index allows one to evaluate the journal from various angles, such as the scientist, institutions, and scientific research |
Google scholar was used to calculate h-index and some journals are not located within Google scholar database limiting the range across disciplines |
[4141. Hsu W-C, Tsai C-F, Li J-H. A hybrid indicator for journal ranking: An example from the field of Health Care Sciences and Services. Online Inf Rev. 2015;39(7):858-69. doi 10.1108/OIR-11-2014-0277. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-11-2014-0277...
] |
L-index |
Calculated by squaring the reference citation distribution |
|
|
[6363. Lando T, Bertoli-Barsotti L. A new bibliometric index based on the shape of the citation distribution. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e115962. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115962. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.011...
] |
m-quotient |
Calculated by dividing an h-index score by the number of years the academic researcher has been active (measured as the number of years since the first published paper) |
|
|
[3636. Conn VS, Chan KC. Moving beyond counting publications to assess impact. West J Nurs Res. 2015;37(3):283-7. doi: 10.1177/0193945914531700. PubMed PMID: 25646172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945914531700...
, 5151. Aoun SG, Bendok BR, Rahme RJ, Dacey Jr. RG, Batjer HH. Standardizing the Evaluation of Scientific and Academic Performance in Neurosurgery-Critical Review of the “h” Index and its Variants. WORLD Neurosurg. 2013;80(5):E85-E90. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.0...
, 5656. Finch A. Can we do better than existing author citation metrics? BIOESSAYS. 2010;32(9):744-7. doi: 10.1002/bies.201000053. PubMed PMID: 20652896. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.201000053...
] |
h-index |
Calculated by counting the number of publications for which an author has been cited at least the same amount of times. |
-
Designed to measure individual impact of researchers
-
Prevents few highly cited articles from heavily influencing a researcher’s, group’s, or journal’s profile
-
Considers a much larger timeline that diminishes the effects of variable citation behaviour (ex: short period of researcher, group, or journal producing lowly cited articles)
|
Ignores the number of citations to each individual article over and above what is needed to achieve a certain h-index
Shows bias increases towards earlier established researchers (h), groups, or journals
H-index value must be an integer and may lead to inability to compare between researchers, groups, or journals |
[4141. Hsu W-C, Tsai C-F, Li J-H. A hybrid indicator for journal ranking: An example from the field of Health Care Sciences and Services. Online Inf Rev. 2015;39(7):858-69. doi 10.1108/OIR-11-2014-0277. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-11-2014-0277...
, 4949. Wurtz M, Schmidt M. The stratified H-index. Ann Epidemiol. 2016;26(4):299-300. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.01.006. PubMed PMID: 27085381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2016...
, 5050. Lippi G, Borghi L. A short story on how the H-index may change the fate of scientists and scientific publishing. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2014;52(2):e1-3. doi: 10.1515/cclm-2013-0715. PubMed PMID: 24088609. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2013-0715...
] |
R-Index |
Calculated by taking the square root of the sum of citations in the Hirsch core |
-
Evaluates impact of individual authors
-
Quality from various angles such as quality of scientist, institutions and scientific research without being punished for having a high h
|
|
[5353. Bornmann L, Marx W, Schier H. Hirsch-Type Index Values for Organic Chemistry Journals: A Comparison of New Metrics with the Journal Impact Factor. European J Org Chem. 2009;(10):1471-6. doi: 10.1002/ejoc.200801243. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.200801243...
] |
A-Index |
-
A-index calculates the expected contributions of individual authors for a specific publication
-
A-index can be applied to obtain C- and P-index
-
The sum of a researcher’s total publications weighted to A-index provides the C-index (collaboration index)
-
The sum of JIFs weighted by A-index provides the P-index (productivity index)
|
Gives fairer assessment of individual researchers by taking into account relative scientific contributions of the researchers |
-
A-index is a method of weighting scientific contribution and thus is applied to JIF, rather than replaces it
-
In cases where A-index is applied to JIF, it carries the same intrinsic flaws of JIF when A-index weighting is applied to JIF in research calculations of C-index and P-index
|
[5151. Aoun SG, Bendok BR, Rahme RJ, Dacey Jr. RG, Batjer HH. Standardizing the Evaluation of Scientific and Academic Performance in Neurosurgery-Critical Review of the “h” Index and its Variants. WORLD Neurosurg. 2013;80(5):E85-E90. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.0...
, 5353. Bornmann L, Marx W, Schier H. Hirsch-Type Index Values for Organic Chemistry Journals: A Comparison of New Metrics with the Journal Impact Factor. European J Org Chem. 2009;(10):1471-6. doi: 10.1002/ejoc.200801243. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.200801243...
, 5555. Stallings J, Vance E, Yang J, Vannier MW, Liang J, Pang L, et al. Determining scientific impact using a collaboration index. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(24):9680-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1220184110. PubMed PMID: 23720314. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3683734. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1220184110...
] |
M-Index |
|
Derivative of A-Index shares same advantages |
Derivative of A-Index shares same disadvantages |
[5151. Aoun SG, Bendok BR, Rahme RJ, Dacey Jr. RG, Batjer HH. Standardizing the Evaluation of Scientific and Academic Performance in Neurosurgery-Critical Review of the “h” Index and its Variants. WORLD Neurosurg. 2013;80(5):E85-E90. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2012.01.0...
] |
Hg-index |
Calculated by taking the square root of the product of the h- and g- indices |
Evaluates the impact of individual authors |
Not found |
[3636. Conn VS, Chan KC. Moving beyond counting publications to assess impact. West J Nurs Res. 2015;37(3):283-7. doi: 10.1177/0193945914531700. PubMed PMID: 25646172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945914531700...
] |
Journal Authority Factor |
Average h-index of a journal’s editors |
Prestige of a journal is based on the merit of its own faculty and accolades within a journal |
Bias towards journals with more experienced and well published authors as editors |
[6464. Johnston M. A glaring paradox. Genetics. 2015;199(3):637-8. doi: 10.1534/genetics.115.174771. PubMed PMID: 25740911. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4349059. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.115.174...
] |
i10-index |
Number of publications with at least 10 citations |
Not found |
Not found |
[2626. Nigam A, Nigam PK. Citation Index and Impact factor. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2012;78(4):511-6. ] |