Oral angioleiomyoma: case report and a review of current findings

Abstract

Angioleiomyoma is a benign neoplasm that was considered a tumor of smooth-muscle origin until the most recent (2013) WHO classification of soft tissue tumors, in which it was reclassified as a tumor of perivascular origin. Angioleiomyomas rarely occur in the oral cavity. These lesions are treated surgically with good prognosis. This article presents a review of reports of oral angioleiomyoma in the literature from the last 5 years and describes the case of a 44-year-old man who presented with an asymptomatic nodule in the upper lip that had developed over a 6-month period. Diagnostic hypotheses of pleomorphic adenoma or canalicular adenoma were raised. Biopsy of the lesion, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis (S100, CD34, H-caldesmon, and desmin) confirmed a diagnosis of angioleiomyoma. It is noteworthy that immunohistochemistry is an important auxiliary method for differential diagnosis of angioleiomyoma from other tumors, particularly myopericytoma.

Keywords:
angioleiomyoma; diagnoses; immunohistochemistry