Anatomic variant of the internal jugular vein and its importance in vascular access for hemodialysis

Abstract

The right internal jugular vein is considered the best route for vascular access, because of low complication rates and satisfactory flow during hemodialysis, due to its straight route to the right atrium. This paper reports the identification, prior to puncture, of an anatomic variant position of the internal jugular vein in relation to the common carotid artery. The benefit of this prior identification is highlighted, emphasizing the importance of performing vascular Doppler ultrasound rather than using only external anatomical observation for puncture of the internal jugular vein.

Keywords:
renal insufficiency; renal dialysis; anatomic variation, embryology; ultrasonography