An experimental investigation of new bent V-shaped shear connector

Al-kroom, Hussein; Thneibat, Mujahed; Alghrir, Yassin; Schmid, Volker

doi:10.1590/1679-78256438

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Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Lat. Am. j. solids struct. 18 (05) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-78256438 copy

An experimental investigation of new bent V-shaped shear connector

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This paper investigates the behavior of a new form of V-shaped shear connector. The assessment of the proposed connector’s performance is conducted through an experimental work of fourteen push-out tests. The results show that the developed V-shaped shear connector is able to transfer higher shear load than the conventional shear connectors. In addition, its behavior is considered as ductile. Geometrical parameters of the connector are studied to observe their influence on its behavior. The experimental outcomes show that changing the length, width, and thickness of the connector significantly affects its ultimate strength while the connector's ductile behavior is preserved. Furthermore, the work proves that neither creating holes nor adding transverse reinforcement to the connector has significant effect on shear resistance and that the uplift-displacement of the connector is improved. A comprehensive comparison between the proposed shear connector and commonly used shear connectors is executed. Based on the experimental results, an empirical equation is suggested to predict the load capacity of the connector.

Keywords:
Shear connector; V-shaped shear connector; Reinforced concrete; Steel-concrete composite structures

Graphical Abstract

Number	Thickness (mm)	Inner diameter (mm)	Length (mm)	Height (mm)	Hole's diameter (mm)	Bars (mm)	Widith ( $w$ ) (mm)
V-1-1, V-1-2	10	30	120	100	-	-	129
V-2-1, V-2-2	8	30	120	100	-	-	125
V-3-1, V-3-2	10	50	120	100	-	-	148
V-4-1, V-4-2	10	30	120	80	-	-	129
V-5-1, V-5-2	10	30	60	100	-	-	88
V-6-1, V-6-2	10	30	120	100	32	-	129
V-7-1, V-7-2	10	30	120	100	32	16 mm	129

Materials	$f_{c}^{'}$ (MPa)	$E_{c}$ (GPa)	$f_{y}$ (MPa)	$f_{u}$ (MPa)	$E_{s}$ (GPa)
Concrete	26.3	28.7	-	-	-
Steel (HEB 260)	-	-	311.5	460.1	209
Steel (Connector)	-	-	284	400	203
Steel (reinforcement)	-	-	415	551	201

Test specimen	$P_{\max}$ (kN)	$P_{\max}$ (kN)	$δ_{\max}$ (mm)	$P_{R K}$ (kN)	$δ_{u}$ (mm)	$δ_{u k}$ (mm)	$P_{80}$ (kN)	$δ_{80}$ (mm)
V-1-1	643.2	640.7	13.3	574.3	17.7	15.9	510.5	6.5
V-1-2	638.1	640.7	15.9	574.3	17.7	15.9	510.5	6.5
V-2-1	596.6	604.3	11.7	536.9	13.4	12.1	477.3	5.7
V-2-2	612.0	604.3	11.1	536.9	13.4	12.1	477.3	5.7
V-3-1	644.7	656.0	13.2	542.3	14.8	13.3	482.0	5.3
V-3-2	667.3	656.0	11.7	542.3	14.8	13.3	482.0	5.3
V-4-1	521.0	538.0	9.4	468.9	11.8	10.6	416.8	5.6
V-4-2	555.0	538.0	10.4	468.9	11.8	10.6	416.8	5.6
V-5-1	376.6	394.1	9.0	339.0	12.1	10.9	301.3	5.0
V-5-2	411.3	394.1	12.3	339.0	12.1	10.9	301.3	5.0
V-6-1	664.6	659.7	13.3	545.6	20.7	18.6	485.0	7.1
V-6-2	654.7	659.7	17.8	545.6	20.7	18.6	485.0	7.1
V-7-1	636.7	648.1	16.8	528.3	17.8	16.0	469.6	7.2
V-7-2	659.5	648.1	17.3	528.3	17.8	16.0	469.6	7.2

Connector's name	Web thickness (mm)	Flange thickness (mm)	Width / height (mm)	Length / Diameter (mm)	$f_{c}^{'}$ (MPa)	Ultimate load (kN)	Slip at ultimate load (mm)
Headed studs (Xu et al. (2012Xu C, Sugiura K, Wu C, Su Q (2012). Parametrical static analysis on group studs with typical push-out tests. Journal of constructional steel research. 72:84-96.))	-	-	80	13	57.17	65.19	2.93
Headed studs (Bezerra et al. (2018Bezerra LM, Cavalcante OO, Chater L, Bonilla J (2018). V-shaped shear connector for composite steel-concrete beam. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 150:162-74.))	-	-	130	19	30.5	101.97	8
Channel connector (1) (Baran and Topkaya (2012Baran E, Topkaya C (2012). An experimental study on channel type shear connectors. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 74:108-17.))	6	8.5	100	75	36.70	345.10	18
Channel connector (2) (Baran and Topkaya (2012Baran E, Topkaya C (2012). An experimental study on channel type shear connectors. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 74:108-17.))	7	10	140	75	32.90	401.30	20
L-shaped connector (Tahmasbi et al. (2016Tahmasbi F, Maleki S, Shariati M, Ramli Sulong NH, Tahir MM (2016). Shear capacity of C-shaped and L-shaped angle shear connectors. PloS one. 11(8):e0156989.))	10	-	100	50	24.97	150.00	0.5
I-shaped connector (Titoum et al. (2016Titoum M, Mazoz A, Benanane A, Ouinas D (2016). Experimental study and finite element modelling of push-out tests on a new shear connector of I-shape. Advanced Steel Construction. 12(4):487-506.))	3.8	5.2	80	80	26.52	108.75	8.7
V-angle connector (Shariati et al. (2016Shariati M, Sulong NR, Shariati A, Khanouki MA (2016). Behavior of V-shaped angle shear connectors: experimental and parametric study. Materials and Structures. 49(9):3909-26.))	6	-	100	50	38.00	145.50	6.5
V-shaped connector (1) (Bezerra et al. (2018Bezerra LM, Cavalcante OO, Chater L, Bonilla J (2018). V-shaped shear connector for composite steel-concrete beam. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 150:162-74.))	2.65	2.65	130	50	30.50	215.03	4.6
V-shaped connector (2) (Bezerra et al. (2018Bezerra LM, Cavalcante OO, Chater L, Bonilla J (2018). V-shaped shear connector for composite steel-concrete beam. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 150:162-74.))	3.75	3.75	130	50	30.50	307.03	9
The proposed V-shaped shear connector (V-1)	10	-	100	120	26.30	640.70	15.9

Number	Tests (measured) (kN)	Eq (1)		Eq (2)		Eq (3)		Eq (4)		Eq (6)
Number	Tests (measured) (kN)	Predicted (kN)	$\frac{E q}{T e s t}$	Predicted (kN)	$\frac{E q}{T e s t}$	Predicted (kN)	$\frac{E q}{T e s t}$	Predicted (kN)	$\frac{E q}{T e s t}$	Predicted (kN)	$\frac{E q}{T e s t}$
V-1-1, V-1-2	640.7	309.9	0.48	111.6	0.17	491.9	0.77	1455.9	2.27	640.1	1.00
V-2-1, V-2-2	604.3	247.9	0.41	89.3	0.14	430.3	0.71	1154.6	1.91	625.6	1.03
V-4-1, V-4-2	538.0	309.9	0.58	111.7	0.21	427.8	0.80	1455.9	2.71	512.1	1.00
V-5-1, V-5-2	394.1	154.9	0.39	55.83	0.14	331.6	0.84	853.4	2.17	411.9	1.04

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