REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE DEFINICIONES Y CARACTERIZACIONES DE TEXTO: UNA PROPUESTA DE DEFINICIÓN OPERACIONAL

Oliveira, Davi Alves; Tomitch, Lêda Maria Braga; Pereira, Hernane Borges de Barros

doi:10.1590/1982-4017-25-03

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Artigo Original • Ling. (dis)curso 25 • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-4017-25-03 linkcopiar

REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE DEFINICIONES Y CARACTERIZACIONES DE TEXTO: UNA PROPUESTA DE DEFINICIÓN OPERACIONAL

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumen

Este estudio investiga respuestas a la compleja pregunta “¿qué es el texto?” y propone una definición operacional de texto que sintetiza las características generales encontradas y especifica algunas características de la materialidad textual. A través de una revisión sistemática de artículos científicos, se analizaron diversas definiciones y caracterizaciones del texto, con foco en la materialidad textual. El análisis revela que las obras de Halliday y Hasan (1976) y Beaugrande y Dressler (1981) son las más influyentes. Las definiciones y caracterizaciones de texto se distinguen por el peso dado a los factores contextuales y a la materialidad textual. Se enfatiza la distinción crucial entre texto y materialidad textual, para que los estudios centrados en esta última dejen claras las características específicas del tipo de materialidad investigada en contraste con aquellas generalizables a cualquier texto.

Palabras clave:
Texto; Textualidad; Materialidad textual

Trabalho	Características do texto¹
Trabalho	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22
(Albarrán-Santiago, 2015)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Alexander, 2019)	0	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Ali, 2021)	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Amaral, 1985)	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Bache, 2010)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Bayat; Yurdakul, 2014)	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Beaugrande, 1979)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Beaugrande, 1980)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Beaugrande, 1983)	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Blom; Hansen, 2015)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Brooks, 1997)	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0
(Campuzano; Paucar, 2022)	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Carrell, 1982)	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Cheung, 2010)	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Collet, 2004)	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Cornish, 2009)	1	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
(Dalalyan, 2015)	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	0
(Dilidüzgün, 2013)	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Fang, 1997)	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Felisbino, 2001)	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
(Fowler, 1979)	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Geist, 1987)	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
(Golden; Pappas, 1990)	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Gowhary et al., 2015)	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Haberland, 1999)	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Huang; Mohan, 2009)	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Kaplan; Grabe, 2002)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
(Khalil, 1989)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0
(Kitis; Milapides, 1997)	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Kovalchuk; Popivniak, 2021)	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Luke, 1989)	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Lyons, 2021)	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Makino, 1982)	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
(Marashi, 2020)	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Mee; Seng, 2014)	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Ocak; Baysal, 2016)	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Okurowski, 1989)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0
(Oliveira; Senna; Pereira, 2024)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
(Ouden; Noordman; Terken, 2009)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Pavel, 1973)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Perrin; Petry, 1999)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Perrin; Petry, 2003)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Purser; Dreyfus; Jones, 2020)	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Roman; Roman, 2014)	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Rottensteiner, 2010)	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Sándor, 1989)	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Stanisz; Drożdż; Kwapień, 2024)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
(Yang; Sun, 2012)	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0

Grupo	Trabalho	Características do texto¹
Grupo	Trabalho	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22
1	(Dilidüzgün, 2013)	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Lyons, 2021)	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Campuzano; Paucar, 2022)	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Brooks, 1997)	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0
	(Dalalyan, 2015)	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	0
	(Cornish, 2009)	1	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
	(Roman; Roman, 2014)	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Yang; Sun, 2012)	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
	(Rottensteiner, 2010)	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Luke, 1989)	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Kitis; Milapides, 1997)	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Collet, 2004)	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Geist, 1987)	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
	(Fowler, 1979)	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
2	(Khalil, 1989)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0
	(Okurowski, 1989)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0
	(Oliveira; Senna; Pereira, 2024)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
	(Purser; Dreyfus; Jones, 2020)	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Fang, 1997)	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Golden; Pappas, 1990)	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Huang; Mohan, 2009)	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Albarrán-Santiago, 2015)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Blom; Hansen, 2015)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Cheung, 2010)	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Kovalchuk; Popivniak, 2021)	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Amaral, 1985)	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Kaplan; Grabe, 2002)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
	(Ouden; Noordman; Terken, 2009)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Pavel, 1973)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Perrin; Petry, 2003)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Perrin; Petry, 1999)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Stanisz; Drożdż; Kwapień, 2024)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Bache, 2010)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Beaugrande, 1980)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Beaugrande, 1979)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Sándor, 1989)	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
3	(Bayat; Yurdakul, 2014)	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Ali, 2021)	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Felisbino, 2001)	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
	(Ocak; Baysal, 2016)	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Carrell, 1982)	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Alexander, 2019)	0	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Makino, 1982)	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
	(Marashi, 2020)	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Beaugrande, 1983)	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Gowhary et al., 2015)	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Haberland, 1999)	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	(Mee; Seng, 2014)	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

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[TFN1] Notas. 1. Características: (1) coesão; (2) nível lógico ou semântico; (3) função comunicativa; (4) situacionalidade; (5) aceitabilidade; (6) modalidade escrita; (7) modalidade oral; (8) intencionalidade; (9) unidade formal ou estrutural; (10) coerência; (11) nível discursivo; (12) nível lexical; (13) irrelevância do tamanho; (14) caráter linear ou sequencial; (15) informatividade; (16) intertextualidade; (17) nível sintático; (18) distinção de sentenças aleatórias; (19) nível fonológico ou prosódico; (20) estilo; (21) padrões de repetição; (22) possibilidade de ser não-verbal. 2. As definições e caracterizações analisadas podem ser conferidas em Oliveira (2024).

[TFN2] Fonte: Elaborado pelos autores.