Abstract
This article investigates the paradigms, meanings and ways of approaching madness that have characterized contemporary thinking in terms of exclusion, inclusion and “exclusive inclusion”. Its method involves a documentary analysis of research belonging to different areas of knowledge such as sociology, anthropology, history or psychiatry. It concludes that the notion of the "crazy" has shifted in contemporaneity, from modernist tics in the key of exclusion, focused on the confinement, surveillance, correction and punishment of madness, through the new inclusive coordinates that emerged in postmodernity around currents as the more underground "anti-psychiatry" in England, or the Italian reformist zeal of "democratic psychiatry", to, finally, a midway position between a neokraepelian rearmament, that claims a positive status, and a "new antipsychiatry" that evinces its social nature.
Keywords:
Mental illness; Antipsychiatry; Democratic psychiatry; de-commitment, rearmament neokraepeliano