A comparison of larval, ovitrap and
					MosquiTRAP surveillance for <i>Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti</i>

Resende, Marcelo Carvalho de; Silva, Ivoneide Maria; Ellis, Brett R; Eiras, Álvaro Eduardo

doi:10.1590/0074-0276130128

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ARTICLES • Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 108 (08) • Dec 2013 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-0276130128 linkcopy

A comparison of larval, ovitrap and MosquiTRAP surveillance for Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

In Brazil, the entomological surveillance of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is performed by government-mandated larval surveys. In this study, the sensitivities of an adult sticky trap and traditional surveillance methodologies were compared. The study was performed over a 12-week period in a residential neighbourhood of the municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. An ovitrap and a MosquiTRAP were placed at opposite ends of each neighbourhood block (60 traps in total) and inspections were performed weekly. The study revealed significant correlations of moderate strength between the larval survey, ovitrap and MosquiTRAP measurements. A positive relationship was observed between temperature, adult capture measurements and egg collections, whereas precipitation and frequency of rainy days exhibited a negative relationship.

Aedes aegypti ; sticky trap; entomological surveillance

Authorship

person Marcelo Carvalho de Resende +

schoolServiço de Saúde Ambiental, Fundação Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilMinistério da SaúdeBrasilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrasilServiço de Saúde Ambiental, Fundação Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

person Ivoneide Maria Silva

schoolLaboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, BrasilUniversidade Federal do ParáBrasilBelém, PA, BrasilLaboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil

person Brett R Ellis

schoolEntomology Section, Duke-National University of Singapore, Graduate Medical School, SingaporeDuke-National University of SingaporeSingaporeEntomology Section, Duke-National University of Singapore, Graduate Medical School, Singapore

person Álvaro Eduardo Eiras

schoolLaboratório de Ecologia Química de Insetos Vetores, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBrasilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrasilLaboratório de Ecologia Química de Insetos Vetores, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

+ Corresponding author:
emailmarcelo.resende@funasa.gov.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Serviço de Saúde Ambiental, Fundação Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilMinistério da SaúdeBrasilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrasilServiço de Saúde Ambiental, Fundação Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, BrasilUniversidade Federal do ParáBrasilBelém, PA, BrasilLaboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil

Entomology Section, Duke-National University of Singapore, Graduate Medical School, SingaporeDuke-National University of SingaporeSingaporeEntomology Section, Duke-National University of Singapore, Graduate Medical School, Singapore

Laboratório de Ecologia Química de Insetos Vetores, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBrasilBelo Horizonte, MG, BrasilLaboratório de Ecologia Química de Insetos Vetores, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Figures | Tables

Figures (2)
Tables (5)

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Fig. 1 : entomological indices provided by the ovitrap and MosquiTRAP. Mean eggs of Aedes sp. (MEI) obtained from ovitrap and mean female of Aedes sp. (MFAI) by the MosquiTRAP, Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003. The small letters indicate a significant difference (p < 0.05) for the ovitrap (MEI) and capital letters for MosquiTRAP (MFAI). The means followed by the same letter do not statistically differ among themselves.

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Fig. 2 : meteorological data in experimental area of neighbourhood Da Lua, Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003.

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TABLE I Larval, ovitrap and MosquiTRAP indices calculated in the field experiment in the municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

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TABLE II Statistical correlation of larval, oviposition and MosquiTRAP measures in neighbourhood Da Lua, municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

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TABLE III Eggs collected and adult mosquitoes captured by ovitrap and MosquiTRAP, respectively, municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

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TABLE IV Sticky card retention capacity of MosquiTRAP in the field in the municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

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TABLE V Statistical analysis of mean temperature (ºC), accumulated precipitation (mm) and frequency of days with rain per experimental week and entomological indices of ovitrap and MosquiTRAP for Aedes aegypti , municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

imageFig. 1 : entomological indices provided by the ovitrap and MosquiTRAP. Mean eggs of Aedes sp. (MEI) obtained from ovitrap and mean female of Aedes sp. (MFAI) by the MosquiTRAP, Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003. The small letters indicate a significant difference (p < 0.05) for the ovitrap (MEI) and capital letters for MosquiTRAP (MFAI). The means followed by the same letter do not statistically differ among themselves. open_in_new

imageFig. 2 : meteorological data in experimental area of neighbourhood Da Lua, Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003. open_in_new

table_chartTABLE I Larval, ovitrap and MosquiTRAP indices calculated in the field experiment in the municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

Entomological measures	Description

Larval indices
House or premise index ^a	Percentage of premises with evidence of larvae and/or pupae
Breteau index ^b	The number of positive containers with larvae and/or pupae per 100 premises
Container index ^a	Percentage of positive containers with larvae and/or pupae
Oviposition indices
Ovitrap positive index ^c	Percentage of positive ovitraps with evidence of eggs
Mean egg index ^d	Mean number of eggs for all ovitraps inspected
Adult trap indices
MosquiTRAP positive index ^d	Percentage of MosquiTRAPs with captured adult mosquitoes
Mean female Aedes index ^d	Mean number of adult mosquitoes captured for all MosquiTRAPs inspected

a : Connor and Monroe (1923); b : Breteau (1954); c : Fay and Perry (1965); d : Eiras and Resende (2009).

table_chartTABLE II Statistical correlation of larval, oviposition and MosquiTRAP measures in neighbourhood Da Lua, municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

		Measures (correlation coefficients)
		Larval ^a			Oviposition ^b		Adult ^c
Measures	Indices	BI	HI	CI	OPI	MEI	MPI	MFAI

Larval	BI	-	0.5524	0.7759 ^e	0.7951 ^e	0.7762 ^e	0.6993 ^d	0.6853 ^d
	HI	0.5524	-	-0.02136	0.3853	0.4266	-0.06294	-0.09091
	CI	0.7759 ^e	-0.02136	-	0.5544	0.4769	0.783 ^e	0.8115 ^e
Oviposition	OPI	0.7951 ^e	0.3853	0.5544	-	0.9072 ^f	0.7846 ^e	0.7741 ^d
	MEI	0.7762 ^e	0.4266	0.4769	0.9072 ^f	-	0.6853 ^d	0.6853 ^d
Adult trap	MPI	0.6993 ^d	-0.06294	0.7830 ^e	0.7846 ^d	0.6853 ^d	-	0.965 ^f
	MFAI	0.6853 ^d	-0.09091	0.8115 ^e	0.7741 ^e	0.6853 ^d	0.965 ^f	-

a : n = 60/month; b : n = 60/week; c : n = 60/week; d : statistical significance = 0.05; e : statistical significance = 0.01; f : statistical significance = 0.001; BI: Breteau index; CI: container index; HI: house or premise index; MEI: mean egg index; MFAI: mean female Aedes index; MPI: MosquiTRAP positive index; OPI: ovitrap positive index.

table_chartTABLE III Eggs collected and adult mosquitoes captured by ovitrap and MosquiTRAP, respectively, municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

	Entomological indices					Eggs collection and adult mosquitoes captured (n)
	Ovitrap	Larval survey			MosquiTRAP	Ovitrap	MosquiTRAP
Weeks	OPI	HI	BI	CI	MPI	Total eggs	Aedes aegypti	Aedes albopictus	Culex sp.

1	52.8	1.84	3.23	1.19	19.6	2,873	14	1	11
2	79.2	-	-	-	42.9	7,102	51	2	4
3	77.1	-	-	-	46.3	7,830	57	2	10
4	68.4	4.14	4.86	1.19	34.5	5,797	41	7	18
5	74.0	-	-	-	42.1	5,478	34	7	10
6	66.6	-	-	-	30.4	3,597	28	4	2
7	89.4	-	-	-	46.2	10,763	69	15	18
8	92.9	5.55	6.79	2.69	50.0	11,851	66	8	6
9	91.0	-	-	-	70.7	9,884	136	8	22
10 ^a	87.7	-	-	-	57.9	10,710	80	4	17
11 ^b	77.1	-	-	-	51.7	8,732	80	8	8
12	83.6	1.57	5.90	5.00	64.3	6,894	132	1	11

Mean	78.32	3.28	5.20	2.52	46.38	7,625	66	6	11

a : activity of removing breeding; b : application of larvicide; BI: Breteau index; CI: container index; HI: house or premise index; MPI: MosquiTRAP positive index; OPI: ovitrap positive index.

table_chartTABLE IV Sticky card retention capacity of MosquiTRAP in the field in the municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

	MosquiTRAP (%)
Weeks	Only larvae ^a	Only Aedes sp. adults

1	0	100
2	0	100
3	5	95
4 ^b	12	88
5	4	96
6	12	88
7	13	87
8 ^b	16	84
9	7	93
10	5	95
11	14	86
12	0	100

a : percentage of sticky trap with only larvae of Aedes sp. and absence of Aedes sp. adults on sticky card; b : sticky card replaced.

table_chartTABLE V Statistical analysis of mean temperature (ºC), accumulated precipitation (mm) and frequency of days with rain per experimental week and entomological indices of ovitrap and MosquiTRAP for Aedes aegypti , municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, December 2002-March 2003

Dependent variable (y)	Independent variable (x)	Equation	Adjust (r ² )	ANOVA
Dependent variable (y)	Independent variable (x)	Equation	Adjust (r ² )	Valour (F)	Probability (p)

MPI	Temperature	Y = 15.139x - 313.51	0.759	31.65	0.0002 ^a
MPI	Precipitation	Y = -0.2015x + 60.27	0.801	40.32	0.0001 ^a
MPI	Frequency/rain	Y = -4.397x + 63.973	0.710	24.58	0.0005 ^a
MFAI	Temperature	Y = 0.697x - 15.39	0.754	30.67	0.0002 ^a
MFAI	Precipitation	Y = -0.0089x + 1.792	0.730	27.13	0.0003 ^a
MFAI	Frequency/rain	Y = -0.2008x + 1.982	0.693	22.66	0.0007 ^a
OPI	Temperature	Y = 10.647x - 174.79	0.551	12.27	0.0056 ^a
OPI	Precipitation	Y = -0.1637x + 89.605	0.775	34.53	0.0001 ^a
OPI	Frequency/rain	Y = -3.442x + 92.087	0.638	17.68	0.0018 ^a
MEI	Temperature	Y = 26.201x - 454.01	0.261	3.54	0.0890
MEI	Precipitation	Y = -0.530x + 205.41	0.637	17.56	0.0018 ^a
MEI	Frequency/rain	Y = -10.128x + 209.37	0.433	7.65	0.0199 ^a

a : significance level between the variables; MEI: mean egg index; MFAI: mean female Aedes index; MPI: MosquiTRAP positive index; OPI: ovitrap positive index.

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