Genetic diversity of <i>Echinococcus vogeli</i> in the western Brazilian Amazon

Human polycystic echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus vogeli, which occurs in rural areas of Central and South America. Until now, little information on the genetic variability of E. vogeli is available. Here, 32 samples from human-excised E. vogeli cysts had a 396-bp sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequenced and compared to another 17 COI sequences representing nine Echinococcus species. A Bayesian COI tree revealed that all E. vogeli sequences formed a monophyletic and well-supported clade with an E. vogeli reference sequence. The occurrence of geographically restricted E. vogeli COI haplotypes suggests retention of ancestral polymorphisms with little migration in Acre, Brazil.

Key words:
Echinococcus vogeli; polycystic echinococcosis; genetic diversity; cytochrome oxidase I; population genetics

Authorship

Daniel Daipert-Garcia

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz-FiocruzBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Márcio Galvão Pavan

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz-FiocruzBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Leandro Batista das Neves

Fernanda Barbosa de Almeida

Nilton Ghiotti Siqueira

Fundacão Hospital Estadual do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, BrasilFundacão Hospital Estadual do AcreBrasilRio Branco, AC, BrasilFundacão Hospital Estadual do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil

Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, BrasilUniversidade Federal do AcreBrazilRio Branco, AC, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil

Guilherme Brzoskowski dos Santos

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Centro de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Cestódeos, Porto Alegre, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazilPorto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Centro de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Cestódeos, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

Tuan Pedro Dias-Correia

Henrique Bunselmeyer Ferreira

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Centro de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Porto Alegre, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazilPorto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Centro de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

Rosângela Rodrigues-Silva ⁺+ Corresponding author: rosanrsilva@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-3400

+ Corresponding author: rosanrsilva@gmail.com

DDG, HFB and RRS - Conceived the study and designed the experiments; DDG, LBN and TPDC - carried out DNA extraction from the biological specimens and performed the PCR; NGS - provided the samples; FBA, MGP and GBS - analysed the sequences and performed phylogenetic analysis; DDG, MGP, HFB and RRS - drafted the manuscript. All authors critically revised the manuscript for intellectual content and approved the final version.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Fundacão Hospital Estadual do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, BrasilFundacão Hospital Estadual do AcreBrasilRio Branco, AC, BrasilFundacão Hospital Estadual do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil

Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, BrasilUniversidade Federal do AcreBrazilRio Branco, AC, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brasil

Figures | Tables

Figures (1)
Tables (1)

Thumbnail

Bayesian maximum clade credibility tree reconstructed using a396-bp cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequence of 49 Echinococcus specimens. GenBank accession numbers of Echinococcus vogeli sequences generated in this study: MK791154 to MK791185. The accession numbers of sequences retrieved from GenBank are shown in branch tips. Posterior probabilities above 0.9 are shown for key nodes. (B) Haplotype network based on COI sequences. Circle sizes are proportional to haplotype frequency. Each dash represents a mutational step.

Thumbnail

TABLE
Cytochrome oxidase I (COI)-based molecular diversity indices for the Echinococcus vogeli samples collected in eight localities of the state of Acre, Brazil

Bayesian maximum clade credibility tree reconstructed using a396-bp cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequence of 49 Echinococcus specimens. GenBank accession numbers of Echinococcus vogeli sequences generated in this study: MK791154 to MK791185. The accession numbers of sequences retrieved from GenBank are shown in branch tips. Posterior probabilities above 0.9 are shown for key nodes. (B) Haplotype network based on COI sequences. Circle sizes are proportional to haplotype frequency. Each dash represents a mutational step.

TABLE Cytochrome oxidase I (COI)-based molecular diversity indices for the Echinococcus vogeli samples collected in eight localities of the state of Acre, Brazil

Locality	Geographical coordinates	N	S	N_H	H_D	π	Haplotypes
Bujari	67° 57’ 08’’W, 9° 49’ 50”S	1	0	1	0	0	H1
Capixaba	67° 40′ 33″W, 10° 34′ 22″ S	1	0	1	0	0	H9
Cruzeiro do Sul	72° 40′ 12″ W, 7° 37′ 51″ S	2	0	1	0	0	H2
Feijó	70° 21′ 14″ W, 8° 9′ 50″ S	7	4	3	0.524 (± 0.21)	0.0034 (± 0.002)	H1, H4, H12
Manuel Urbano	69° 15′ 36″ W, 8° 50′ 20″ S	1	0	1	0	0	H1
Rio Branco	67° 48’ 30’’W, 6° 58’ 32”S	10	7	7	0.911 (± 0.08)	0.0044 (± 0.009)	H1, H2, H3, H5, H7, H8, H10
Sena Madureira	68° 39’ 28’’W, 09° 04 ’02”S	6	4	4	0.867 (± 0.13)	0.0039 (± 0.001)	H1, H2, H6, H11
Xapuri	68° 30’ 16’’W, 10° 39’ 06”S	4	2	3	0.833 (± 0.22)	0.0025 (± 0.009)	H1, H3, H6
E. vogeli (this study)		32	12	12	0.796 (± 0.06)	0.0037 (± 0.001)

N: sample size; S: number of segregating sites; N_H: number of haplotypes; H_D: haplotype diversity; π: nucleotide diversity.

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Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde Av. Brasil, 4365 - Pavilhão Mourisco, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil, Tel.: (55 21) 2562-1222, Fax: (55 21) 2562 1220 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
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Genetic diversity of <i>Echinococcus vogeli</i> in the western Brazilian Amazon

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[1] + Corresponding author: rosanrsilva@gmail.com