The structuring of the defensive phase of beach handball

Five coaches of adult male and/or female teams that played the Beach Handball championship of Sao Paulo State were interviewed. For the analysis of the speeches, the Collective Subject Discourse method was used.

Results:

The defensive phase is structured from hierarchical aspects: numerical asymmetry (by the presence of the specialist player), defensive systems (influenced by the characteristics of the players of their own team and the opponents), and technical-tactical specific actions (defensive blocking, coverage, dissuading…). The numerical asymmetry and the defensive system are responsible for the choices of the technical-tactical actions.

Conclusion:

The defensive structuring elements are related in a hierarchical way, which provides a better understanding of beach handball by coaches and players.

Keywords
sport pedagogy; team sport; teaching-learning; game structure; coaching

Authorship

João Paulo Torres Di Gilio

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.Universidade de São PauloBrazilRibeirão Preto, SP, BrazilUniversidade de São Paulo, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-7346

Karen Pereira da Silva

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-4942

Rafael Pombo Menezes Corresponding author Rafael Pombo Menezes. Ph.D., Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. E-mail: rafaelpombo@usp.br.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4842-641X

Associate Editor: Luca Paolo Ardigò. Università di Verona, Verona, Italia.

Corresponding author
Rafael Pombo Menezes. Ph.D., Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. E-mail: rafaelpombo@usp.br.

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Figures | Tables

Figures (1)
Tables (1)

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Figure 1
The structuring elements of defensive phase in Beach Handball.

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Table 1
Central ideas (CI) and collective subject discourses (CSD) referring to the structuring of the defensive game.

Figure 1 The structuring elements of defensive phase in Beach Handball.

Table 1 Central ideas (CI) and collective subject discourses (CSD) referring to the structuring of the defensive game.

CI-1: Numerical asymmetry (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5)

CSD1: Defense is very important^S1, because we are outnumbered^S1,S2,S4. Most of the time it's three defenders against four attackers^S2,S3 with the goalkeeper, which is the most determining issue and influences the disadvantage concerning the attack^S3. If the opposing team has a good offensive view, they will be able to see who is left, so it is important to worry about superiority^S1. Equality happens, 3x3, your defense must be smart when you are numerically superior because you can't let the opposing team score goal with three or two^S2.

CI-2: Defensive systems (S1,S2,S3,S4)

CSD2: We can have various types of defensive systems: 0:3 a little more advanced, 1:2 with two advanced players and one more backward^S4, 2:1, 3:0 is the most common we use^S1,S4 and there is also the man to man who all three have been marking on the entire court, even though there is one less player^S4. The defense can be posted/positioned, floating/advanced^S1,S3. One player can go up to individualize the specialist^{S3, S4}, who is the athlete who by nature the goal score two points^S3, or an athlete who overpower the attack even having one less player in defense^S4. Or stay on a fixed defender and two go away inhibiting the athletes who theoretically have the most potential^S3. This is often used when teams have a clear deficiency, for example, one side doesn't know how to spin and has difficulty going to an inflight, so you leave room for that attacker understanding when he receives you will have the block positioned to nullify his action^S3. They must learn and pay attention to space they may be leaving^S2. We have to know how to mark in the zone with one less player, we have to know the zone we are doing, know how to position defensively^S2. It has to be very close [the distance between the defenders], the three markers very dynamic, because there will always be one left, so you have to let them make mistakes^S1.

CI-3: Defensive skills and technical-tactical actions (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5)

CSD3: You must be very fast displacements^S1,S2,S4,S5: sideways, backwards, forward to mark, steal a ball or make a lunge^S2. Players try to occupy, close spaces as quickly as possible^S5. Try to mark two players is always very hard! Always you are marking in a 1x2 situation, then the concern is the very fast displacements^S1. It has the double-up, the man-to-man defensive systems marking kinda close to the court. Coverage is also very important in defense^S4. In beach handball, you can jump into the area to block^S2,S4 and defend the ball helping the keeper^S5. Defensive blocking is one of the primordial actions in the defensive system, we use a lot^{S1,S2,S3,S4,S5}. In defense positioning^S2,S4 you have to think about closing a shot angle on the pitch for the goalkeeper to try to save on the other^S1. The player has to be well prepared physically and defensively^S4, because if he realizes that the attacker has filled his space you already have to prepare to use defensive blocking, which is the first action, whether in a spin, inflight or specialist shot^S1. The question of timing for blocking has to work with the attacker's shot to provide the error because in the beach handball you cannot touch the opponent; so you have to work the displacement between the player and the goal^S1. When blocking happens the other defenders should also be alert if the attacker's option is to find another partner to pass the ball^S3.

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[1] Associate Editor: Luca Paolo Ardigò. Università di Verona, Verona, Italia.