Phase Diagram Study for the PbO-ZnO-CaO-SiO2-"Fe2O3" System in Air with CaO/SiO2 in 1.1 and PbO/(CaO+SiO2) in 2.4 Weight Ratios

Lopez-Rodriguez, Josue; Romero-Serrano, Antonio; Hernandez-Ramirez, Aurelio; Cruz-Ramirez, Alejandro; Almaguer-Guzman, Isaias; Benavides-Perez, Ricardo; Flores-Favela, Manuel

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2017-0212

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Articles • Mat. Res. 20 (4) • Jul-Aug 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2017-0212 copy

Phase Diagram Study for the PbO-ZnO-CaO-SiO₂-"Fe₂O₃" System in Air with CaO/SiO₂ in 1.1 and PbO/(CaO+SiO₂) in 2.4 Weight Ratios

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

An experimental study on the phase equilibrium and the liquidus isotherms for the PbO-ZnO-CaO-SiO₂-"Fe₂O₃" system with CaO/SiO₂ in 1.1 and PbO/(CaO+SiO₂) in 2.4 weight ratios, respectively, was carried out in the temperature range 1100-1300ºC (1373-1573 K). High temperature phases were determined by the equilibrium-quenching method. Results are presented in the form of pseudo-ternary sections "Fe₂O₃"-ZnO-(PbO+CaO+SiO₂). X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM-EDS results showed that the phase equilibria in this system are dominated by the high melting temperature spinel and zincite phases. It was observed that if the system is at a temperature below 1300ºC and the total (Fe₂O₃ + ZnO) is greater than 20 wt%, spinel and/or zincite will be present in the slag system. As an application of the phase diagram, the liquid phase compositions below the liquidus surface were estimated, then their viscosities were calculated using FACTSage software.

Keywords:
Phase diagram; Slags; Lead

Sample number	CaO	SiO₂	PbO	Fe₂O₃	ZnO
1	13.866	12.605	63.529	5	5
2	13.095	11.905	60.000	10	5
3	13.095	11.905	60.000	5	10
4	12.325	11.204	56.471	15	5
5	12.325	11.204	56.471	10	10
6	12.325	11.204	56.471	5	15
7	11.555	10.504	52.941	20	5
8	11.555	10.504	52.941	15	10
9	11.555	10.504	52.941	10	15
10	11.555	10.504	52.941	5	20
11	10.784	9.804	49.412	25	5
12	10.784	9.804	49.412	20	10
13	10.784	9.804	49.412	15	15
14	10.784	9.804	49.412	10	20
15	10.014	9.104	45.882	30	5
16	10.014	9.104	45.882	25	10
17	10.014	9.104	45.882	20	15
18	10.014	9.104	45.882	15	20
19	10.014	9.104	45.882	10	25
20	9.244	8.403	42.353	35	5
21	9.244	8.403	42.353	30	10
22	9.244	8.403	42.353	25	15
23	9.244	8.403	42.353	20	20
24	9.244	8.403	42.353	15	25
25	8.473	7.703	38.824	20	25
26	8.473	7.703	38.824	15	30
27	9.244	8.403	42.353	28	12
28	13.866	12.605	63.529	7.5	2.5
29	13.866	12.605	63.529	2.5	7.5
30	13.557	12.325	62.118	12	0
31	13.557	12.325	62.118	0	12

Mixture No	Temp (ºC)	Phases in equilibrium			Phase Name	Phase Composition (wt%)
Mixture No	Temp (ºC)	Phases in equilibrium			Phase Name	Fe₂O₃	ZnO	PbO	CaO	SiO₂	wt%
1	1100	L	+	Ca_3-xPb_xSi₂O₇	L	6.27	5.97	72.02	5.81	9.93	87.75
					CSP	0.00	0.00	44.48	33.34	22.18
1	1200	L	+	Ca_3-xPb_xSi₂O₇	L	5.91	5.85	71.58	6.04	10.61	88.24
					CSP	0.00	0.00	43.63	34.56	21.81
10	1050	L	+	ZnO + Melilite	L	7.15	9.01	73.75	2.73	7.36	83.85
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
					M	0.00	20.50	5.40	44.29	29.81
10	1100	L	+	ZnO + Melilite	L	7.01	8.94	76.35	3.01	4.70	84.06
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
					M	0.00	19.34	5.04	45.66	29.96
10	1130	L	+	ZnO	L	6.16	11.45	70.71	4.50	7.18	82.39
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
10	1170	L	+	ZnO	L	5.45	13.02	64.82	7.39	9.31	81.53
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
10	1200	L	+	ZnO	L	10.91	4.11	40.55	8.37	36.06	84.98
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
10	1300	L	+	ZnO	L	5.45	14.19	64.35	7.56	8.45	80.36
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
11	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	24.32	3.17	58.20	6.30	8.01	72.51
					S	69.01	30.99	0.00	0.00	0.00
12	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	13.43	7.71	63.59	4.57	10.70	78.86
					S	68.54	31.46	0.00	0.00	0.00
13	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	13.03	11.65	59.57	6.86	8.90	75.32
					S	67.42	32.34	0.00	0.25	0.00
14	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	9.71	16.55	58.86	6.13	8.75	73.74
15	1100	L	+	Spinel + PbFe₁₀O₁₆	L	24.14	1.41	56.69	8.59	9.16	74.45
					S	71.22	28.16	0.00	0.62	0.00
					MP	75.22	0.87	23.49	0.42	0.00
15	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	24.83	1.25	58.40	6.76	8.76	73.92
					S	71.93	27.48	0.00	0.59	0.00
15	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	29.76	5.18	47.95	8.00	9.10	65.05
					S	73.58	25.99	0.00	0.44	0.00
16	1100	L	+	Spinel	L	15.04	3.32	66.27	7.28	8.09	81.64
					S	67.11	32.89	0.00	0.00	0.00
16	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	17.76	5.30	60.79	7.18	8.97	76.94
					S	68.01	31.99	0.00	0.00	0.00
16	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	20.10	8.43	54.64	7.33	9.51	71.47
					S	69.53	29.95	0.00	0.52	0.00
17	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	13.33	11.21	55.25	8.09	12.11	75.45
					S	67.03	32.97	0.00	0.00	0.00
17	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	12.22	14.68	51.82	9.04	12.24	73.10
					S	67.97	32.03	0.00	0.00	0.00
18	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	11.60	17.14	51.98	8.91	10.37	71.26
					S	73.80	25.68	0.00	0.52	0.00
18	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	15.13	20.81	45.39	8.29	10.38	64.06
19	1200	L	+	ZnO	L	14.62	11.84	59.93	5.24	8.37	73.53
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
19	1300	L	+	ZnO	L	9.66	20.16	50.24	8.56	11.38	70.18
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
20	1100	L	+	Spinel	L	21.31	0.00	58.74	9.04	10.91	78.69
					S	71.32	28.26	0.00	0.42	0.00
20	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	27.70	2.47	53.40	7.54	8.89	69.84
					S	73.03	26.97	0.00	0.00	0.00
20	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	33.58	4.49	46.55	6.46	8.91	61.93
					S	75.55	23.99	0.00	0.47	0.00
21	1100	L	+	Spinel	L	17.33	2.49	60.89	8.39	10.91	80.19
					S	68.20	31.24	0.00	0.56	0.00
21	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	17.01	4.04	60.94	8.60	9.42	78.95
					S	68.34	31.26	0.00	0.40	0.00
21	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	27.44	7.94	48.76	6.62	9.24	64.62
					S	70.03	29.97	0.00	0.00	0.00
22	1100	L	+	Spinel + Melilite	L	10.92	6.31	73.91	3.40	5.46	82.77
					S	66.61	33.39	0.00	0.00	0.00
					M	2.59	24.05	4.08	33.24	36.04
22	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	17.10	8.20	58.80	8.19	7.71	74.70
					S	68.50	30.97	0.00	0.53	0.00
22	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	20.62	14.81	46.77	7.82	9.98	64.57
					S	68.31	31.69	0.00	0.00	0.00
23	1100	L	+	Spinel + ZnO + Melilite	L	9.30	9.66	72.93	3.55	4.56	81.04
					S	65.41	34.59	0.00	0.00	0.00
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
					M	0.00	28.37	0.00	34.31	37.32
23	1200	L	+	Spinel + Melilite	L	11.32	18.31	52.31	7.98	10.07	70.37
					S	67.42	32.34	0.00	0.25	0.00
					M	0.00	43.35	0.00	32.15	24.50
23	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	18.46	18.90	45.87	7.84	8.92	62.63
					S	65.02	34.98	0.00	0.00	0.00
24	1100	L	+	Spinel + ZnO + Melilite	L	9.39	9.28	72.80	2.79	5.74	81.34
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
					S	64.80	35.20	0.00	0.00	0.00
					M	0.00	28.10	0.00	34.19	37.71
24	1200	L	+	ZnO + Spinel	L	12.73	17.12	52.93	7.51	9.70	70.15
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
					S	68.06	31.94	0.00	0.00	0.00
24	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	15.19	22.27	46.20	7.46	8.89	62.54
					S	7.26	92.74	0.00	0.00	0.00
25	1300	L	+	Spinel	L	17.72	24.67	44.31	5.67	7.63	57.60
					S	64.24	35.76	0.00	0.00	0.00
26	1300	L	+	ZnO	L	9.17	13.42	59.46	7.67	10.28	77.41
					Z	0.00	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
27	1100	L	+	Spinel	L	14.90	3.29	67.96	5.86	7.99	81.80
					S	64.93	35.07	0.00	0.00	0.00
27	1200	L	+	Spinel	L	14.22	7.26	60.34	8.12	10.06	78.52
					S	66.84	33.16	0.00	0.00	0.00
28	1100	L	+	Ca_3-xPb_xSi₂O₇	L	8.33	3.71	72.54	5.56	9.86	87.96
					CSP	0.00	0.00	82.99	11.58	5.43
28	1200	L	+	Ca_3-xPb_xSi₂O₇	L	7.89	2.85	68.63	8.53	12.09	89.26
					CSP	0.00	0.00	43.23	34.72	22.05
29	1100	L	+	Ca_3-xPb_xSi₂O₇	L	2.55	2.66	76.20	7.16	11.43	94.79
					CSP	0.00	0.00	43.32	33.99	22.69
29	1200	L	+	Ca_3-xPb_xSi₂O₇	L	2.52	8.58	68.93	7.91	12.06	88.90
					CSP	0.00	0.00	43.03	34.58	22.39
29	1300	L	+	Ca_3-xPb_xSi₂O₇	L	5.07	6.64	63.54	11.40	13.35	88.29
30	1100	L	+	Ca_3-xPb_xSi₂O₇	L	13.60	0.00	70.58	6.27	9.56	86.40
					CSP	0.00	0.00	43.32	33.99	22.69
31	1100	L	+	ZnO	L	0.00	9.60	83.39	2.17	4.84	90.40
					Z	0.00	93.64	6.36	0.00	0.00

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