Study on Biofilm Forming Microorganisms Associated with the Biocorrosion of X80 Pipeline Steel in Produced Water from Oilfield

Oliveira, Edkarlla S. D. de; Pereira, Roseana F. da C.; Lima, Maria Alice G. de A.; Urtiga Filho, Severino L.

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2021-0196

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Articles • Mat. Res. 24 (6) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2021-0196 copy

Study on Biofilm Forming Microorganisms Associated with the Biocorrosion of X80 Pipeline Steel in Produced Water from Oilfield

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Biocorrosion is the main process that causes pipeline damages and losses in the oil industry. The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of biofilm forming microorganisms on the biocorrosion of X80 steel exposed in produced water through microbiological characterization, film and biofilm analysis by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, weight loss and surface analysis by laser confocal microscopy. Changes in produced water after 360 days were attributed to planktonic cells, temperature conditions, contact with air, photo-oxidation, biodegradation, and seasonality. The total aerobic bacteria presented sessile cell concentration of 7.39 x 10⁴ CFU/cm², while the other investigated groups showed lower concentrations. The micrography of the film showed salt crystals, whereas in the biofilm microorganisms, exopolysaccharides and corrosion products were observed. Weight loss after 360 days for the abiotic and biotic systems was 0.0222 g/cm² and 0.3039 g/cm², respectively, showing that microorganisms accentuated the corrosion of X80 steel.

Keywords:
Biocorrosion; biofilm; pipeline; produced water; X80 steel

Element	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Ni	Mo	Cu	Al	V	W	Ti	Nb	Fe
X80 steel (%)	0.08	0.3	1.82	0.009	0.001	0.17	0.01	0.20	0.01	0.037	0.024	0.003	0.021	0.081	balance

Groups of microorganisms	Total aerobic	Total anaerobic	Acid-producing aerobic	Acid-producing anaerobic	Precipitating iron bacteria	Sulfate reducing bacteria
Cell concentration	1.2 x 10⁴ (CFU/mL)	1.1 x 10³ (MPN/mL)	7.0 x 10 (MPN/mL)	2.5 x 10² (MPN/mL)	Undetected	4.5 x 10³ (MPN/mL)

Microorganisms	Composition (g/L)
Total aerobic bacteria	22.5 plate count agar (PCA) (pH 7.0)
Total anaerobic bacteria	30.0 fluid medium to thioglycolate (pH 7.0)
Acid-producing aerobic and anaerobic bacteria	10.0 sucrose, 10.0 tryptone, 1.0 beef extract and 0.018 phenol red (pH 7.2)
Sulfate reducing bacteria	0.5 KH₂PO₄, 1.0 NH₄Cl, 1.0 Na₂SO₄, 0.67 CaCl₂.2H₂O, 1.68 MgCl₂.6H₂O, 7.0 mL sodium lactate (50%), 1.0 yeast extract, 0.1 ascorbic acid, 1.9 agar-agar, 4.0 mL resazurin (0.025%) and 0.5 FeSO₄.7H₂O (pH 7.6)²⁷27 APHA: American Public Health Association. American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Washington, DC: Centennial Edition; 2012.
Precipitating iron bacteria	30.0 NaCl, 0.5 (NH₄)₂SO₄, 0.2 CaCl₂.2H₂O, 0.5 MgSO₄.7H₂O, 0.5 NaNO₃, 10.0 ferric ammonium citrate and 0.5 K₂HPO₄ (pH 7.0)²⁸28 Postgate JR. The sulphate-reducing bacteria. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1984.

Parameters	Zero time	After 360 days
pH	6.82	5.91
Sulfates (mg/L)	230.00	28.80
Total sulfide (mg/L)	0.60	8.40
Nitrates (mg/L)	0.42	0.02
Chlorides (mg/L)	56.28	72.31
Salinity (mg/L)	88.70	-
Dissolved iron (mg/L)	5.78	10.60
Oils and greases (mg/L)	79.00	<10
Total dissolved solids (mg/L)	76.80	130.06
Total suspended solids (mg/L)	239.00	670.00

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