First record of Anastrepha pseudanomala Norrbom (Diptera: Tephritidae) and its host in Brazil

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

First record of Anastrepha pseudanomala Norrbom (Diptera: Tephritidae) and its host in Brazil

Cristiane R de Jesus^I; Ricardo A da Silva^II; Miguel F de Souza Filho^III; Ezequiel G de Deus^IV; Roberto A Zucchi^V

^IUniv do Estado do Amapá, Av Presidente Vargas 650, 68906-970 Macapá, AP, Brasil; [e-mail]

^IIEmbrapa Amapá, Rodovia JK, km 5, nº 2600, 68903-419 Macapá, AP, Brasil; [e-mail]

^IIIInstituto Biológico, CP70, 13012-970 Campinas, SP, Brasil; [e-mail]

^IVUniv Federal do Amapá, Rodovia JK, km 4, 68902-280 Macapá, AP, Brasil; [e-mail]

^VDepto de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", USP, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brasil; [e-mail]

ABSTRACT

Anastrepha pseudanomala Norrbom was reared in fruits of Couma utilis (Apocynaceae), and also collected in McPhail traps in Ferreira Gomes county, State of Amapá, Brazil.

Key words: Fruit fly, Amazon, Couma utilis, Apocynaceae

On January 14^th, 2007, during fruit-sampling while searching for fruit fly hosts in the state of Amapá, 73 fruits (1,881g) of Couma utilis (Apocynaceae), commonly known as sorva, were collected in the district of Paredão, in Ferreira Gomes county (00º51'37,5"N and 51º13'54,4"W). From August to December, 2006, McPhail traps with 5% hydrolyzed protein were hung in trees at a distance of around 100 m. The study area consisted of a forest with several native species on a basically undisturbed firm soil. Couma utilis can reach a height of up to 20 m and naturally occurs in Central Amazonian forests, besides being cultivated in small-holdings and backyards. The fruits are small global pods (10 to 20g), green or brown (ripe) in color, and contain several small seeds and an agreeably flavored pulp. Besides the edible fruits, it also produces a non-elastic latex of commercial interest (Falcão et al 2003).

A total of 56 puparia were obtained from C. utilis fruits (puparia/fruit infestation index 0.8 and puparia/kg of fruit 29.8), from which 20 specimens of Anastrepha (9 females and 11 males) and two parasitoids emerged. Females were identified as Anastrepha pseudanomala Norrbom, being the first recorded occurrence of this species in Brazil, and the second of a species of Anastrepha in C. utilis. Recently, C. utilis was also reported as being the host of Anastrepha striata Schiner, also in the State of Amapá (Zucchi 2008). In December, 15 females of A. pseudanomola were collected in traps.

The parasitoids were identified as Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti), for the first time associated with A. pseudanomala and the fruit-host.

Anastrepha pseudanomala belongs to the serpentina group, and can be confused with Anastrepha normalis Norrbom and Anastrepha anomala Stone, although there are differences in the size of the aculeus, shape of the aculeus tip and in the wing pattern. It was previously recorded only in Panamá and Costa Rica, without any record of the host (Norrbom 2002).

In the specimens of A. pseudanomala studied herein, certain measurements, such as length of the aculeus (3.23.3mm) and the tip (0.32-0.35mm), differ from those of specimens from Panamá and Costa Rica, in which the length of the aculeus was around 4.16 mm and the tip from 0.37 mm to 0.40 mm (Norrbom 2002). Nevertheless, the width of the aculeus and the shape of the tip where in agreement with the discription of Norrbom (2002). The aculeus was around 0.15mm wide, the basal part of the tip had almost parallel sides, gradually tapering with minute and rounded teeth.

In view of the intense surveying of fruit flies underway in the State of Amapá, six species of Anastrepha -A. anomala, Anastrepha bahiensis Lima, Anastrepha hastata Stone, Anasrepha parishi Stone, Anastrepha shannoni Stone and Anastrepha sodalis Stone - were recently recorded, thereby raising the total to 24 species (Zucchi 2008). Thus, with the record of A. pseudanomala, 25 species are known in the state, and hosts are unknown only for six (24%) of them.

Acknowledgments

We wish to thank Carlos Alberto Moraes for helping in collecting fruits, Salustiano Vilar da Costa Neto for the identification of the host plant and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the fellowship granted to the first author.

Received 14/XII/09.

Accepted 04/I/10.

Edited by Fernando L Cônsoli - ESALQ/USP

• Falcão M A, Clement C R, Gomes J B M (2003) Fenologia e produtividade da sorva (Couma utilis (Mart.) Muell. Arg.) na Amazônia Central. Acta Bot Bras 17: 541-547.
• Norrbom A L (2002) A revision of the Anastrepha serpentina species group (Diptera: Tephritidae). Proc Entomol Soc Wash 104: 390-436.
• Zucchi R A (2008) Fruit flies in Brazil -Anastrepha species and their hosts plants. Disponível em: <www.lea.esalq.usp.br/anastrepha/> Accessed in 25 Nov 2009.

Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  17 Jan 2011
• Date of issue
  Dec 2010

History

• Received
  14 Dec 2009
• Accepted
  04 Jan 2010