Barbosa, Patrícia; Pucci, Marcela B.; Nogaroto, Viviane; Almeida, Mara C.; Artoni, Roberto F.; Vicari, Marcelo R.

Patrícia Barbosa

Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. (PB) pbarbosa.bio@gmail.com, (MBP) marcelabaer@hotmail.com, (RFA) rfartoni@gmail.com

Marcela B. Pucci

Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. (PB) pbarbosa.bio@gmail.com, (MBP) marcelabaer@hotmail.com, (RFA) rfartoni@gmail.com

Viviane Nogaroto

Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, Caixa Postal 4748, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. (VN) vivianenogaroto@hotmail.com, (MCA) almeidamara@uol.com.br, (MRV) vicarimr@pq.cnpq.br (corresponding author)

Mara C. Almeida

Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, Caixa Postal 4748, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. (VN) vivianenogaroto@hotmail.com, (MCA) almeidamara@uol.com.br, (MRV) vicarimr@pq.cnpq.br (corresponding author)

Roberto F. Artoni

Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. (PB) pbarbosa.bio@gmail.com, (MBP) marcelabaer@hotmail.com, (RFA) rfartoni@gmail.com

Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, Caixa Postal 4748, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. (VN) vivianenogaroto@hotmail.com, (MCA) almeidamara@uol.com.br, (MRV) vicarimr@pq.cnpq.br (corresponding author)

Marcelo R. Vicari

Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, Caixa Postal 4748, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. (VN) vivianenogaroto@hotmail.com, (MCA) almeidamara@uol.com.br, (MRV) vicarimr@pq.cnpq.br (corresponding author)

Figuras (4)
Tabelas (1)

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Fig. 1
Map of the Ponta Grossa Arch region in the eastern Paraná State, Brazil (inset). The map shows elevation and hydrographic basins. Details of sampled locations: (1) Verde River, Tibagi basin; (2) Iguaçu River, Iguaçu basin; (3) Areia stream, Ribeira River, Atlantic basin; and (4) Barra Grande River, Ivaí River basin. Source: Miranda (2005Miranda EE. Brasil em Relevo. Campinas: Embrapa Monitoramento por Satélite; 2005. [cited 2017 Jan 06]; Available from: Available from: http://www.relevobr.cnpm.embrapa.br
http://www.relevobr.cnpm.embrapa.br... ).

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Fig. 2
Karyotypes of the Corydoras species subjected to C-banding: (a) C. ehrhardti (Verde River), (b) C. aff. paleatus (Iguaçu River), (c) C. aff. paleatus (Areia stream), and (d) C. lacrimostigmata (Barra Grande River). Scale bar = 10 μm.

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Fig. 3
Karyotypes of the Corydoras species subjected to two-color FISH with 18S rDNA probes (green) and 5S rDNA probes (red): (a) C. ehrhardti (Verde River), (b) C. aff. paleatus (Iguaçu River), (c) C. aff. paleatus (Areia stream), and (d) C. lacrimostigmata (Barra Grande River). In detail, the chromosome pair of C. lacrimostigmata (Barra Grande River), carrier of ITS. Scale bar = 10 μm.

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Fig. 4
Map of southern Brazil, highlighting the hydrographic basin boundaries and the location of cytogenetically studied Corydoras species. PR = Paraná State; SC = Santa Catarina State; RS = Rio Grande do Sul State; Cb = S. barbatus; CC = C. carlae; Ce = C. ehrhardti; Cl = C. lacrimostigmata; Cn = C. nattereri; Cp = C. aff. paleatus; ¹ = Present study; ² = Artoni et al. (2006Artoni RF, Terêncio ML, Vicari MR, Matiello MCA, Cestari MM, Bertollo LAC. Cytogenetics of two sympatric Corydoras species (Pisces, Siluriformes, Challichtyidae) of southern Brazil. Braz J Biol. 2006; 66(1B):191-98.); ³ = Oliveira et al. (1993Oliveira C, Toledo LFA, Mori L, Toledo Filho SA. Cytogenetic and DNA content studies of armoured catfishes of the genus Corydoras (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) from the southeast coast of Brazil. Braz J Genet . 1993; 16(3):617-29.); ⁴Rocha et al. (2016Rocha RH, Baumgärtner L, Paiz LM, Margarido VP, Fernandes CA, Gubiani EA. An uncommon co-localization of rDNA 5S with major rDNA clusters in Callichthyidae (Siluriformes): a report case in Corydoras carlae Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1983. Comp Cytogenet. 2016; 10(4):603-13.); ANA= Agência Nacional das Águas and; IBGE = Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística.

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Tab. 1
Cytogenetic data for Corydoras species from southern Brazil. 2n= diploid number; PR = Paraná State; SC = Santa Catarina State; RS = Rio Grande do Sul State; M = metacentric; SM = submetacentric; ST = subtelocentric; A = acrocentric; 18S = number of 18S rDNA sites; 5S = number of 5S rDNA sites; NOR = number of 18S rDNA sites detected by Ag-NOR staining. * The river was not identified in the original paper.

Species	Locality	2n	Karyotypic Formula	Number of rDNA Sites	References
C. ehrhardti	Verde river, Tibagi basin, Upper Paraná	44	18m+26sm	18S/1 pair; 5S/1 pair	Current study
C. ehrhardti	Lagoa Dourada, Tibagi basin, Upper Paraná	44	18m+26sm	18S/1 pair; -	(Artoni et al., 2006Artoni RF, Terêncio ML, Vicari MR, Matiello MCA, Cestari MM, Bertollo LAC. Cytogenetics of two sympatric Corydoras species (Pisces, Siluriformes, Challichtyidae) of southern Brazil. Braz J Biol. 2006; 66(1B):191-98.)
C. ehrhardti	*Jaraguá do Sul, Brazil, Atlantic basin	44	18m+26sm	18S/2 pairs; -	(Oliveira et al., 1993Oliveira C, Toledo LFA, Mori L, Toledo Filho SA. Cytogenetic and DNA content studies of armoured catfishes of the genus Corydoras (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) from the southeast coast of Brazil. Braz J Genet . 1993; 16(3):617-29.)
C. paleatus	Iguaçu river, Iguaçu basin, Lower Paraná	44	18m+26sm	18S/1 pair; 5S/1 pair	Current study
C. paleatus	Areia stream, Ribeira basin, Atlantic basin	44	18m+26sm	18S/2 pairs; 5S/1 pair	Current study
C. paleatus	Lagoa Dourada, Tibagi basin, Upper Paraná	44	18m+26sm	18S/3 chromosomes; -	(Artoni et al., 2006Artoni RF, Terêncio ML, Vicari MR, Matiello MCA, Cestari MM, Bertollo LAC. Cytogenetics of two sympatric Corydoras species (Pisces, Siluriformes, Challichtyidae) of southern Brazil. Braz J Biol. 2006; 66(1B):191-98.)
C. paleatus	*Curitiba, PR, Brazil, Iguaçu basin	44	20m+24sm	NOR/3 pairs; -	(Oliveira et al., 1993Oliveira C, Toledo LFA, Mori L, Toledo Filho SA. Cytogenetic and DNA content studies of armoured catfishes of the genus Corydoras (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) from the southeast coast of Brazil. Braz J Genet . 1993; 16(3):617-29.)
C. paleatus	*São Leopoldo, RS Brazil, Atlantic basin	44	20m+24sm	NOR/2 pairs; -	(Oliveira et al., 1993Oliveira C, Toledo LFA, Mori L, Toledo Filho SA. Cytogenetic and DNA content studies of armoured catfishes of the genus Corydoras (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) from the southeast coast of Brazil. Braz J Genet . 1993; 16(3):617-29.)
C. paleatus	Rio Grande, RS, Brazil, Atlantic basin	44	22m+22sm	NOR/2 pairs; -	(Oliveira et al., 1993Oliveira C, Toledo LFA, Mori L, Toledo Filho SA. Cytogenetic and DNA content studies of armoured catfishes of the genus Corydoras (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) from the southeast coast of Brazil. Braz J Genet . 1993; 16(3):617-29.)
C. lacrimostigmata	Barra Grande river, Ivaí basin, Upper Paraná	58	22m+36sm	18S/2 pairs; 5S/1 pair	Current study
C. nattereri	*Morretes, PR, Brazil, Atlantic basin	44	18m+26m	NOR/1 pair; -	(Oliveira et al., 1993Oliveira C, Toledo LFA, Mori L, Toledo Filho SA. Cytogenetic and DNA content studies of armoured catfishes of the genus Corydoras (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) from the southeast coast of Brazil. Braz J Genet . 1993; 16(3):617-29.)
C. barbatus	*Morretes, PR, Brazil, Atlantic basin	66	38m+22sm+4st+2a	NOR/4 pairs; -	(Oliveira et al., 1993Oliveira C, Toledo LFA, Mori L, Toledo Filho SA. Cytogenetic and DNA content studies of armoured catfishes of the genus Corydoras (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) from the southeast coast of Brazil. Braz J Genet . 1993; 16(3):617-29.)
C. barbatus	*Jaraguá do Sul, SC, Brazil, Atlantic basin	66	38m+22sm+4st+2a	NOR/ 3 pairs; -	(Oliveira et al., 1993Oliveira C, Toledo LFA, Mori L, Toledo Filho SA. Cytogenetic and DNA content studies of armoured catfishes of the genus Corydoras (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) from the southeast coast of Brazil. Braz J Genet . 1993; 16(3):617-29.)
C. carlae	Capanema river, Iguaçu basin, Lower Paraná	46	22m+22sm+2st	18S/1 pair; 5S/1 pair	(Rocha et al., 2016Rocha RH, Baumgärtner L, Paiz LM, Margarido VP, Fernandes CA, Gubiani EA. An uncommon co-localization of rDNA 5S with major rDNA clusters in Callichthyidae (Siluriformes): a report case in Corydoras carlae Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1983. Comp Cytogenet. 2016; 10(4):603-13.)

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Karyotype analysis of three species of Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from southern Brazil: rearranged karyotypes and cytotaxonomy

RESUMO