Growth of fertigated desert rose in different nitrate/ammonium proportion

Stegani, Vanessa; Alves, Guilherme Augusto Cito; Melo, Thadeu Rodrigues de; Colombo, Ronan Carlos; Biz, Guilherme; Faria, Ricardo Tadeu de

doi:10.14295/oh.v25i1.1248

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Scientific Article • Ornam. Hortic. 25 (1) • Jan-Mar 2019 • https://doi.org/10.14295/oh.v25i1.1248 copy

Growth of fertigated desert rose in different nitrate/ammonium proportion

Crescimento de rosa do deserto fertirrigada com diferentes proporções de nitrato/amônio

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study aimed to determine NO₃^-/NH₄⁺ proportion delivered by fertigation that allows greater desert rose plants growth in pots. Plants were cultivated in greenhouse in polypropylene pots, using a mixture of sand and composted Pinus powder (1:1, v v^-1) as substrate. Experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments (control, 0/100 25/75, 50/50, 75/25 and 100/0 of NO₃^– and NH₄⁺ respectively), and ten replications. Fertigation was performed weekly in the amount of 100 mL per pot for 180 days. Variables evaluated were: shoot height, basal diameter of the caudice, number of branches, roots, leaves and caudice dry mass and macronutrient contents determination and accumulation in leaves, caudice and root. NO₃^– and NH₄⁺ proportion promoted a greater change in nutrient content in leaves compared to caudice and roots. The proportion 25/75 NO₃^–/NH₄⁺ is recommended for desert rose cultivation, as it provides the best results for most of the characteristics studied.

Keywords:
Adenium obesum; nitrogen; nutrition; pot flower

Macronutrients (mmol L^-1)	NO₃^-/NH₄⁺ proportion
Macronutrients (mmol L^-1)	0/100	25/75	50/50	75/25	100/0
KH₂PO₄	0	0	0	0	0.07
KNO₃	0	0	0	0.65	1.73
KCl	1.80	1.80	1.80	1.15	0
Ca(NO₃)₂	0	1.95	3.90	5.20	5.20
CaCl₂	2.60	1.62	0.65	0	0
MgSO₄	0	0	0	0	0.50
MgCl₂	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.10
NH₄Cl	6.73	4.78	2.83	0.88	0
NH₄H₂PO₄	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.07	0
(NH₄)₂SO₄	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0
NaNO₃	0	0	0	0	0.87
NaCl	0.87	0.87	0.87	0.87	0

NO₃^-/NH₄⁺	HGT (cm)^ Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test (HGT, CBD, NB, LDM, RDM).	CBD (mm)^ Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test (HGT, CBD, NB, LDM, RDM).	NB^ Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test (HGT, CBD, NB, LDM, RDM).	LDM (g)^ Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test (HGT, CBD, NB, LDM, RDM).	CDM (g)	RDM (g)^ Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test (HGT, CBD, NB, LDM, RDM).
0/100	13.12 a^* * Means followed by the same letter in columns do not differ by Tukey test 5%.	25.95 a	4.60 a	1.28 b	2.03 b	0.89 d
25/75	13.08 a	26.06 a	4.50 a	1.60 a	2.72 a	1.25 a
50/50	12.86 a	26.58 a	4.50 a	1.03 c	1.99 b	1.11 b
75/25	12.90 a	26.06 a	4.40 a	0.99 cd	1.97 b	0.96 c
100/0	12.96 a	26.10 a	4.70 a	0.93 d	1.93 b	0.91 d
Control	5.84 b	18.92 b	1.50 b	0.17 e	0.79 c	0.19 e
C.V. (%)	9.60	8.82	12.80	11.73	5.12	9.94

NO₃^-/NH₄⁺	pH (H₂O)^ Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test (pH).	EC (μS cm^-1)
0/100	6.86 bc^* * Means followed by the same letter in columns do not differ by Tukey test 5%.	166.76 b
25/75	7.09 a	146.10 c
50/50	6.87 bc	257.60 a
75/25	6.80 c	252.30 a
100/0	6.92 b	255.50 a
Control	6.93 b	123.60 d
C.V. (%)	2.59	6.96

NO₃^-/NH₄⁺	N	P	K	Ca	Mg
	––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––mg plant^-1––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
0/100	72.39 c^* * Means followed by the same letter in columns do not differ by Tukey test 5%.	16.88 c	114.46 b	51.87 c	13.50 c
25/75	99.11 a	25.51 a	157.62 a	76.95 a	17.88 a
50/50	87.41 b	20.86 b	119.87 b	59.79 b	16.47 ab
75/25	63.66 d	20.64 b	90.95 c	53.13 c	16.09 b
100/0	54.22 e	14.87 d	96.64 c	50.17 c	14.32 c
Control	10.46 f	3.85 e	31.67 d	10.36 d	2.59 d
C.V. (%)	6.87	7.03	6.42	7.58	7.33

NO₃^-/NH₄⁺	N	P	K	Ca	Mg
Leaves	––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––g kg ^-1––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
0/100	27.59 b^* * Means followed by the same letter in columns do not differ by Tukey test 5%.	4.59 bc	32.72 b	17.44 b	3.75 bc
25/75	29.92 a	4.28 d	36.34 a	24.28 a	3.97 ab
50/50	31.63 a	5.02 a	30.49 c	25.61 a	4.51 a
75/25	24.35 c	4.48 cd	23.39 f	18.57 b	4.49 a
100/0	27.25 b	4.81 ab	28.18 d	17.47 b	4.35 a
Control	17.35 d	3.13 e	26.29 e	16.69 b	3.39 c
C.V. (%)	4.97	3.88	4.18	9.41	10.83
^* ***** VR: reference value for each nutrient based on McBride study (2012). VR	19-24	0.9-1.2	4.5-5.5	15-16	8.4-8.8
Caudice
0/100	13.07 bc	3.24 c	22.57 b	11.37 c	2.85 c
25/75	12.09 c	4.30 b	22.68 b	10.86 c	2.41 d
50/50	18.61 a	5.42 a	25.68 a	13.30 b	3.94 ab
75/25	13.67 b	5.67 a	23.06 b	14.55 a	4.14 a
100/0	9.59 d	3.44 c	22.70 b	14.88 a	3.69 b
Control	7.96 e	3.01 c	27.20 a	7.85 d	1.86 e
C.V. (%)	7.36	11.7	7.82	7.3	5.49
^* ***** VR: reference value for each nutrient based on McBride study (2012). VR	15-21	1.0-1.4	8.9-13.4	8.2-10.6	5.3-7.8
Roots
0/100	11.85 d	4.97 abc	30.07 a	7.26 a	3.28 b^ Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test (Mg in roots).
25/75	14.68 b	5.57 a	30.23 a	6.85 a	3.98 a
50/50	16.03 a	4.42 bc	33.66 a	6.26 ab	3.59 ab
75/25	13.15 c	5.24 ab	23.30 b	6.34 ab	3.63 ab
100/0	11.39 d	4.13 c	29.25 a	5.72 b	3.47 b
Control	6.45 e	4.95 abc	30.06 a	6.93 a	2.89 c
C.V. (%)	7.77	13.02	11.64	15.32	14.28
^* ***** VR: reference value for each nutrient based on McBride study (2012). VR	15-25	1.3-2.1	16-28	3.4-4.6	7.0-9.8

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[1] *Corresponding author: vanessa.stegani@ifpr.edu.br