Variabilidade e associações genéticas das características de produção de feijão-bóer em Moçambique

Pedro, César; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Donça, Marques Cachisso Bambo; Somueque, Salva Inácio; Gimo, Sabir Tualibo; Silva, Michele Jorge da; Ferraz, Alexandre Gomes; Rosado, Renato Domiciano Silva; Bhering, Leonardo Lopes

César Pedro Corresponding author

Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique, Centro Zonal Nordeste, Leguminosas, Avenida FPLM, Estrada de Corrane, Km 7, CP 622, Nampula, Moçambique. E-mail: cpedroscientia@gmail.com, mcachisso@gmail.com, salvasomueque@yahoo.com.br, sabirgimo@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2963-8652

Cosme Damião Cruz

Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/no, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil. E-mail: cdcruz@ufv.br, michelejorgesilva@gmail.com, alexandre.g.ferraz@ufv.br, e-interpreta@e-interpreta.com.br, leonardo.bhering@ufv.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3513-3391

Marques Cachisso Bambo Donça

Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique, Centro Zonal Nordeste, Leguminosas, Avenida FPLM, Estrada de Corrane, Km 7, CP 622, Nampula, Moçambique. E-mail: cpedroscientia@gmail.com, mcachisso@gmail.com, salvasomueque@yahoo.com.br, sabirgimo@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1213-9697

Salva Inácio Somueque

Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique, Centro Zonal Nordeste, Leguminosas, Avenida FPLM, Estrada de Corrane, Km 7, CP 622, Nampula, Moçambique. E-mail: cpedroscientia@gmail.com, mcachisso@gmail.com, salvasomueque@yahoo.com.br, sabirgimo@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-3667

Sabir Tualibo Gimo

Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique, Centro Zonal Nordeste, Leguminosas, Avenida FPLM, Estrada de Corrane, Km 7, CP 622, Nampula, Moçambique. E-mail: cpedroscientia@gmail.com, mcachisso@gmail.com, salvasomueque@yahoo.com.br, sabirgimo@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-9517

Michele Jorge da Silva

Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/no, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil. E-mail: cdcruz@ufv.br, michelejorgesilva@gmail.com, alexandre.g.ferraz@ufv.br, e-interpreta@e-interpreta.com.br, leonardo.bhering@ufv.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8648-8825

Alexandre Gomes Ferraz

Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/no, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil. E-mail: cdcruz@ufv.br, michelejorgesilva@gmail.com, alexandre.g.ferraz@ufv.br, e-interpreta@e-interpreta.com.br, leonardo.bhering@ufv.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2339-8352

Renato Domiciano Silva Rosado

Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/no, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil. E-mail: cdcruz@ufv.br, michelejorgesilva@gmail.com, alexandre.g.ferraz@ufv.br, e-interpreta@e-interpreta.com.br, leonardo.bhering@ufv.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8157-9581

Leonardo Lopes Bhering

Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/no, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil. E-mail: cdcruz@ufv.br, michelejorgesilva@gmail.com, alexandre.g.ferraz@ufv.br, e-interpreta@e-interpreta.com.br, leonardo.bhering@ufv.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6072-0996

Corresponding author

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Figure 1
The upper part of the main diagonal of the figure shows the values of trait correlations. At the bottom of the main diagonal are the dispersions and trend lines between the traits. On the main diagonal are the traits [plant height (PH), primary branches (PB), secondary branches (SB), days to flowering (DF), days to maturity (DM), pod length (PL), pod width (PW), number of seed per pod (SP), pods per plant (PP), weight of 100 seed (WS), and yield (Y)], in six pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) genotypes, for environments I (Namapa) and II (Montepuez), Mozambique.

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Figure 2
Phenotypic correlation network between traits of six pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) genotypes for the environments I (Namapa) and II (Montepuez), Mozambique. Secondary components (G1), primary components (G2), and yield (G3). The red and green lines represent negative and positive correlations, respectively. The width of the line is proportional to the intensity of the correlation. The thickness of the lines was controlled by applying a cutoff value of 0.3, where only |rij| ≥ 0.3 had their line thickness increased proportionally based on the intensity of the correlation. The fine lines represent correlations lower than 0.3 and are not highlighted. Primary components: pod length (PL), pod width (PW), number of seed per pod (SP), pods per plant (PP), weight of 100 seed (WS). Secondary components: days to flowering (DF), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), primary branches (PB), secondary branches (SB).

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Table 1
Analysis of variance for plant height (PH), primary branches (PB), secondary branches (SB), days to flowering (DF), days to maturity (DM), pod length (PL), pod width (PW), number of seed per pod (SP), pods per plant (PP), weight of 100 seed (WS), and yield (Y), in six pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) genotypes cultivated in Namapa (environment I) and Montepuez (envronment II), Mozambique.

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Table 2
Genetic parameters of plant height (PH), primary branches (PB), secondary branches (SB), days to flowering (DF), days to maturity (DM), pod length (PL), pod width (PW), number of seed per pod (SP), pods per plant (PP), weight of 100 seed (WS) and yield (Y), in six pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) genotypes cultivated in Namapa (environment I) and Montepuez (envronment II), Mozambique.

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Table 3
Estimates of the direct and indirect effects of plant height (PH), primary branches (PB), secondary branches (SB), days to flowering (DF), days to maturity (DM), pod length (PL), pod width (PW), number of seed per pod (SP), pods per plant (PP), weight of 100 seed (WS), and yield (Y), in six pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) genotypes cultivated in Namapa (environment I) and Montepuez (envronment II), Mozambique, obtained by the crest regression analysis method.

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Trait	Environment	Block	Genotype	Error	Coefficient of variation (%)	Shapiro-Wilk’s test (p≤0.05)
		DF⁺				Wilk	p-value
		2	5	10
		Mean square
Plant height	I	4,268.805	2,230.22	1,498.596	26.41	0.923	0.147
(PH, cm)	II	117.927	54.309	48.324	5.41	0.974	0.871
Primary branches	I	0.672	5.037*	1.228	16.25	0.941	0.2972
(PB)	II	2.727	2.912*	0.599	9.67	0.956	0.528
Secondary branches	I	17.374	10.087*	2.445	16.25	0.978	0.9268
(SB)	II	3.1667	87.833**	2.1	22.29	0.963	0.659
Pod length	I	0.103	2.478**	0.276	9.06	0.92	0.13
(PL, cm)	II	0.03	3.325**	0.175	6.97	0.93	0.192
Pod width	I	0.005	0.042**	0.002	6.06	0.979	0.939
(PW, cm)	II	0.0012	0.044**	0.002	6.03	0.957	0.549
Number of seed per	I	0.272	1.16*	0.242	14.05	0.959	0.58
pod (SP)	II	0.0139	0.446*	0.086	7.66	0.959	0.585
Pods per plant	I	1,341.721	1,453.871**	159.127	19.01	0.929	0.185
(PP)	II	1,913.556	2,095.022**	349.556	14.48	0.977	0.909
Weight of 100 seed	I	2.002	1.931*	0.348	4.85	0.981	0.963
(WS, g)	II	0.314	6.304*	1.224	10.49	0.955	0.507
Yield	I	218,883.1	150,707.55*	39,744.69	27.75	0.95	0.417
(kg ha^-1)	II	114,198.2	119,293.467*	34,601.03	15.83	0.971	0.822
Days to flowering (DF)	II	15.056	161.022**	13.256	4.09	0.957	0.537
Days to maturity (DM)	II	32.667	171.567**	16.933	3.35	0.973	0.847

Parameter⁽¹⁾ (1) Heritability (h2); phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic variation (GCV) coefficient of variability; coefficient of variation (CV).	Environment	PH (cm)	PB	SB	PL (cm)	PW (cm)	SP	PP	WS (g)	Y (kg ha^-1)	DF	DM
h²	I	32.810	75.630	75.760	88.850	94.950	79.240	89.050	81.990	73.630	-⁽²⁾ (2)Unmeasured traits.	-
(%)	II	11.020	79.440	97.610	94.730	95.480	80.740	83.310	80.580	71.000	91.770	90.130
PCV	I	18.602	18.990	19.061	15.670	15.624	17.797	33.174	6.603	31.194	-	-
(%)	II	3.309	12.320	83.245	17.520	16.384	10.065	20.468	13.753	16.971	8.222	6.418
GCV	I	10.650	16.530	16.580	14.770	15.180	15.840	31.300	5.980	26.770	-	-
(%)	II	1.100	10.980	82.240	17.060	15.990	9.050	18.680	12.340	14.300	7.880	5.845
GCV/CV	I	0.400	1.020	1.020	1.630	2.500	1.130	1.6500	1.230	0.960	-	-
GCV/CV	II	0.200	1.130	3.690	2.450	2.650	1.180	1.2900	1.180	0.900	1.930	1.745

Environment	Trait	Direct effect on yield (kg ha^-1)	Indirect effect through
Environment	Trait	Direct effect on yield (kg ha^-1)	PH (cm)	PB	SB	PL (cm)	PW (cm)	SP	PP	WS (g)	DF	DM
I	PH (cm)	-0.070		-0.173	-0.096	0.074	0.016	-0.051	0.119	0.199	-⁽¹⁾ (1)Unmeasured traits. Determination coefficient (R2) = 0.644 for the environment I, and 0.917 for the environment II. Effect of residual variable (ɛ) = 0.597 for the environment I, and 0.289 for the environment II. Coefficient of the regression method of the crest (k) = 0.20 for the environment I, and 0.10 for environment II. Determinant of the correlation matrix between explanatory variables =1.758 for the environment I, and 2.906 for the environment II.	-
II	PH (cm)	-0.288		-0.034	-0.150	-0.002	0.012	0.062	-0.229	0.172	0.036	0.044
I	PB	0.395	0.030		0.045	0.009	-0.007	0.033	-0.162	-0.153	-	-
II	PB	-0.104	-0.090		0.026	0.102	0.091	-0.291	0.069	0.350	0.082	0.127
I	SB	0.128	0.052	0.138		0.048	0.052	-0.024	0.243	-0.354	-	-
II	SB	0.356	0.121	-0.008		0.035	0.015	-0.024	-0.034	0.059	0.045	0.088
I	PL (cm)	-0.280	0.018	-0.012	-0.022		-0.138	0.124	-0.444	0.408	-	-
II	PL (cm)	-0.114	-0.000	0.093	-0.111		-0.093	0.310	-0.135	-0.301	-0.068	-0.118
I	PW (cm)	-0.143	0.008	0.021	-0.046	-0.270		0.128	-0.494	0.458	-	-
II	PW (cm)	-0.095	0.035	0.099	-0.058	-0.111		0.303	-0.133	-0.342	-0.073	-0.120
I	SP	0.135	0.026	0.098	-0.023	-0.258	-0.135		-0.504	0.380	-	-
II	SP	0.373	-0.050	0.081	-0.023	-0.094	-0.077		-0.177	-0.147	-0.041	-0.069
I	PP	0.596	-0.010	-0.107	0.052	0.209	0.118	-0.114		-0.253	-	-
II	PP	-0.347	-0.190	0.020	0.035	-0.044	-0.036	0.190		-0.048	0.015	0.022
I	WS (g)	0.58	-0.02	-0.104	-0.078	-0.197	-0.113	0.088	-0.26		-	-
II	WS (g)	-0.423	0.117	0.086	-0.049	-0.081	-0.077	0.129	-0.04		-0.086	-0.13
II	DF	-0.101	0.101	0.084	-0.158	-0.076	-0.068	0.15	0.05	-0.36		-0.154
II	DM	-0.158	0.08	0.083	-0.198	-0.085	-0.072	0.163	-0.349	-0.349	-0.099

[1] Corresponding author

Brasil

Brasil

Variabilidade e associações genéticas das características de produção de feijão-bóer em Moçambique

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