Dissolution of silicate minerals and nutrient availability for corn grown successively

Krahl, Luise Lottici; Valadares, Leonardo Fonseca; Sousa-Silva, José Carlos; Marchi, Giuliano; Martins, Éder de Souza

doi:10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2022.v57.01467

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Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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Sumário

Thematic Issue – Regional Agrominerals, Original Article • Pesq. agropec. bras. 57 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2022.v57.01467 copy

Dissolution of silicate minerals and nutrient availability for corn grown successively

Dissolução de minerais silicáticos e disponibilidade de nutrientes para milho cultivado sucessivamente

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutrient availability for corn (Zea mays) grown successively in pure and ground biotite schist and biotite syenite rock samples. The rock powders were subjected to chemical, physical, and mineralogical characterization, and the availability of the elements released to the plants was determined. Plant and rock materials were evaluated at the end of seven successive growth cycles. Biotite schist and biotite syenite provided nutrients – as K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn – to the corn plants. The nutrients accumulated in plant tissues came mostly from minerals containing oxidizable Fe and Mn in their structure, such as biotite, chlorite, and clinopyroxene. The congruent dissolution of some of the fine particles of these minerals, solubilize elements, which may, then, be available to the plants.

Index terms:
agromineral; biotite; bioweathering; congruent dissolution; nutrient availability

Sample	Particle size distribution (µm)				Total (g per pot)
	< 53	53–300	300–1,000	>1,000-2,000
	(%)
Biotite schist	21.1	17.4	2.4	59.1	546.82
Biotite syenite	11.9	23.2	29.6	35.3	681.02

Fraction (µm)	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	CaO	MgO	TiO₂	P₂O₅	Na₂O	K₂O	MnO	BaO	Cr₂O₃	Cu	Mo	Zn	LOI⁽¹⁾ (1) Loss on ignition.
Fraction (µm)	SiO₂	(%)										Cr₂O₃	(mg kg^-1)			LOI⁽¹⁾ (1) Loss on ignition.
	Biotite schist
< 53	59.6	16.1	8.06	2.31	3.84	1.08	0.29	2.57	2.61	0.06	0.06	0.02	104	<3	104	2.18
53–300	59.7	19.0	7.74	0.87	3.68	0.57	0.15	1.84	4.14	0.05	0.11	0.02	35	<3	35	2.72
300–1,000	67.1	14.4	6.49	1.31	2.38	0.94	0.13	2.23	2.38	0.11	0.05	0.01	73	<3	73	1.59
>1,000	66.4	15.1	7.22	1.54	2.55	0.83	0.17	2.21	2.53	0.16	0.06	0.01	53	<3	53	1.5
Bulk sample⁽²⁾ (2) Original sample.	62.6	16.8	7.8	1.44	3.2	0.86	0.2	1.93	3.19	0.12	0.07	0.02	49	<3	49	2.17
	Biotite syenite
< 53	53.4	14.6	10.5	3.38	2.16	2.31	0.61	1.49	9.36	0.17	0.58	0.01	88	<3	88	1.28
53–300	53.7	14.9	11.1	2.69	2.14	2.32	0.38	1.19	10.70	0.14	0.58	0.01	46	<3	46	0.37
300–1,000	57.3	16.1	8.51	1.63	1.72	1.29	0.19	1.15	11.90	0.11	0.58	<0.01	35	<3	35	0.36
>1,000	57.6	16.0	7.41	1.89	1.54	1.26	0.24	1.38	11.80	0.11	0.6	<0.01	32	<3	32	0.29
Bulk sample⁽³⁾	55.9	16.0	8.16	2.00	1.70	1.49	0.24	1.19	11.30	0.11	0.57	<0.01	31	<3	31	0.49

Sample	Fraction (µm)	Quartz	Albite	Biotite	Muscovite	Chlorite	Clinopyroxene
Biotite schist	< 53	30.8	27.5	9.3	18.6	11.7	2.0
	53–300	33.4	22.2	10.3	22.5	10.5	1.1
	300–1,000	38.7	20.7	7.5	17.0	14.4	1.6
	>1,000	36.0	24.9	9.2	15.4	13.2	1.3
	Bulk sample⁽¹⁾ (1) Original sample.	35.7	22.1	11.2	17.9	11.3	1.7

		K-feldspar⁽²⁾ (2) Orthoclase and microcline.	Albite	Biotite	Amphibole	Clinopyroxene
Biotite syenite	< 53	60.3	13.9	10.7	1.9	13.2
	53–300	52.5	11.0	22.5	4.4	9.4
	300–1,000	55.2	13.7	15.5	5.0	10.7
	>1,000	64.8	15.7	10.1	2.4	7.0
	Bulk sample⁽¹⁾ (1) Original sample.	58.1	9.3	15.4	3.6	13.5

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