<i>In vitro</i> morphogenesis of <i>Physalis ixocarpa</i> Brot ex. Horm

Alvarado, Domitzel Zagal; Lima, Andressa Priscila Piancó Santos; Santana, José Raniere Ferreira de; Lima-Brito, Alone

doi:10.1590/1983-40632021v5169416

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Research Article • Pesq. Agropec. Trop. 51 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632021v5169416 copy

In vitro morphogenesis of Physalis ixocarpa Brot ex. Horm

Morfogênese in vitro de Physalis ixocarpa Brot ex. Horm.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Horm. is considered the most economically important species of the genus. Tissue culture is pointed out as a strategy for its propagation, but researches indicate that in vitro responses are genotype-dependent. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro morphogenesis of the P. ixocarpa green and purple varieties, in view of the massive propagation of the species. The morphogenic capacity of the explants cotyledonary node, hypocotyl and cotyledon was evaluated in Murashige & Skoog medium supplemented with benzylaminopurine - BAP (0.00, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10.0 μM) and naphthaleneacetic acid - NAA (0.00 or 2.5 μM), using a completely randomized experimental design, in a 3 x 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with 30 treatments for each variety. The number of shoots per direct and indirect organogenesis and the percentage of explants with callus were analyzed. The in vitro morphogenetic expression of P. ixocarpa is influenced by the type of explant and by the plant regulators BAP and NAA. The cotyledonary node explant is efficient for the production of shoots via direct organogenesis in the two varieties studied.

KEYWORDS:
Solanaceae; husk tomato; plant propagation; tissue culture

BAP (µM)	Type of explant
BAP (µM)	Cotyledon	Hypocotyl	Cotyledonary node
0.0	0.00 Bb^* * Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP or NAA concentrations.	0.25 Ba	1.25 Ab
2.5	1.25 Ba	0.12 Ca	2.35 Aa
5.0	0.52 Bab	0.25 Ba	2.30 Aa
7.5	0.02 Bb	0.00 Ba	1.05 Ab
10.0	0.00 Ab	0.00 Aa	0.62 Ab
NAA (µM)	Cotyledon	Hypocotyl	Cotyledonary node
0.0	0.71 Ba	0.12 Ca	2.07 Aa
2.5	0.01 Bb	0.04 Ba	0.96 Ab

NAA (µM)	Explant	BAP (µM)
NAA (µM)	Explant	0	2.5	5	7.5	10
0.0	Cotyledonary node	0.75 Aa	0.70^* * Indicates a statistically higher mean between the NAA concentrations. Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP concentrations. Aa	0.05 Ab	0.05 Ab	0.00 Ab
	Cotyledon	0.00 Ba	0.00 Ba	0.00 Aa	0.00 Aa	0.00 Aa
	Hypocotyl	0.05 Ba	0.00 Ba	0.00 Aa	0.00 Aa	0.00 Aa
2.5	Cotyledonary node	0.75 Aa	0.00 Ab	0.00 Ab	0.00 Ab	0.00 Ab
	Cotyledon	0.00 Ba	0.05 Aa	0.00 Aa	0.00 Aa	0.00 Aa
	Hypocotyl	0.00 Ba	0.00 Aa	0.00 Aa	0.00 Aa	0.00 Aa

NAA (µM)	BAP (µM)
NAA (µM)	0	2.5	5	7.5	10
0.0	16.60 Bab^* * Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare NAA concentrations and lowercase letters compare BAP concentrations.	40.00 Ba	11.66 Bab	18.33 Bab	0.00 Bb
2.5	41.55 Ab	73.33 Aa	80.00 Aa	70.00 Aab	53.33 Aab

NAA	Explant	BAP (µM)
NAA	Explant	0.0	2.5	5.0	7.5	10.0
0.0	Cotyledonary node	0 Aa	20 Aa	5 Aa	10 Ba	30 Ba
	Cotyledon	0 Aa	15 Aa	0 Aa	0 Ba	10 Ba
	Hypocotyl	20 Abc	15 Ac	0 Ac	60 Aab	90 Aa
2.5	Cotyledonary node	5 Ac	55 Abc	60 Bab^* * Significant for NAA. Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP concentrations.	100 Aa^* * Significant for NAA. Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP concentrations.	55 Bbc
	Cotyledon	15 Ac	45 Abc	95 ABa^* * Significant for NAA. Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP concentrations.	90 Aab^* * Significant for NAA. Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP concentrations.	100 Aa^* * Significant for NAA. Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP concentrations.
	Hypocotyl	40 Ab	35 Ab	100 Aa^* * Significant for NAA. Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP concentrations.	100 Aa^* * Significant for NAA. Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP concentrations.	80 ABab

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[TFN1] ^*
Distinct letters indicate different means according to the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Uppercase letters compare explants and lowercase letters compare BAP or NAA concentrations.