Effect of fertigation with potassium and nitrogen on gas exchange and biomass accumulation in eggplant<sup>1</sup>

Souza, Álvaro Henrique Cândido de; Rezende, Roberto; Lorenzoni, Marcelo Zolin; Santos, Fernando André Silva; Maller, André

doi:10.1590/1983-40632016v4747885

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Scientific Articles • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 47 (03) • Jul-Sep 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4747885 copy

Effect of fertigation with potassium and nitrogen on gas exchange and biomass accumulation in eggplant¹

Efeito da fertirrigação com potássio e nitrogênio nas trocas gasosas e acúmulo de biomassa em berinjela

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Adequate crop fertilization is one of the challenges for agriculture. Measuring gas exchange and biomass accumulation may be used to adjust crop management. The effect of fertigation with potassium (0 kg ha^-1, 54 kg ha^-1, 108 kg ha^-1 and 216 kg ha^-1) and nitrogen (0 kg ha^-1, 67 kg ha^-1, 134 kg ha^-1 and 268 kg ha^-1) on gas exchange and biomass accumulation in eggplant was assessed under greenhouse conditions. The net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, internal CO₂ concentration, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, water-use efficiency and total dry weight were evaluated. With the exception of K for water-use efficiency and N for internal CO₂ concentration, all the other gas exchange parameters were significantly affected by the K and N doses. There was an interaction between N and K doses for net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. The highest values for net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, carboxylation instantaneous efficiency and total dry weight were found in the range of 125-185 kg ha^-1 of K and 215-268 kg ha^-1 of N.

KEYWORDS:
Solanum Melongena L; photosynthesis; mineral nutrition; water-use efficiency

Variable	Variation source			CV (%)	Average
	K	N	N x K
	^{___________________________________________} F value ^{___________________________________________}
A	31.105^ significant at 0.01.	61.508^ significant at 0.01.	16.132^ significant at 0.01.	20.51	8.76
gs	23.866^ significant at 0.01.	50.880^ significant at 0.01.	12.463^ significant at 0.01.	26.02	0.12
E	18.683^ significant at 0.01.	18.131^ significant at 0.01.	7.803^ significant at 0.01.	24.26	1.57
Ci	3.180^* * significant at 0.05;	1.900^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	0.753^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	10.58	226.91
CiE	25.037^ significant at 0.01.	51.951^ significant at 0.01.	12.198^ significant at 0.01.	22.96	0.04
WUE	1.440^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	7.27^ significant at 0.01.	1.982^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	25.02	5.41
TDW	3.37^* * significant at 0.05;	43.676^ significant at 0.01.	1.913^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	24.12	265.53

Pearson correlation coefficient
Dose		A	gs	E
N	K1	-0.21^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	-0.22^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	-0.57^* * significant at 0.05;
	K2	0.69^ significant at 0.01. Potassium doses: K1 = 0 kg ha-1; K2 = 54 kg ha-1; K3 = 108 kg ha-1; K4 = 216 kg ha-1. Nitrogen doses: N1 = 0 kg ha-1; N2 = 67 kg ha-1; N3 = 134 kg ha-1; N4 = 268 kg ha-1.	0.74^ significant at 0.01. Potassium doses: K1 = 0 kg ha-1; K2 = 54 kg ha-1; K3 = 108 kg ha-1; K4 = 216 kg ha-1. Nitrogen doses: N1 = 0 kg ha-1; N2 = 67 kg ha-1; N3 = 134 kg ha-1; N4 = 268 kg ha-1.	0.65^ significant at 0.01. Potassium doses: K1 = 0 kg ha-1; K2 = 54 kg ha-1; K3 = 108 kg ha-1; K4 = 216 kg ha-1. Nitrogen doses: N1 = 0 kg ha-1; N2 = 67 kg ha-1; N3 = 134 kg ha-1; N4 = 268 kg ha-1.
	K3	0.56^* * significant at 0.05;	0.49^* * significant at 0.05;	0.41^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;
	K4	0.74^ significant at 0.01. Potassium doses: K1 = 0 kg ha-1; K2 = 54 kg ha-1; K3 = 108 kg ha-1; K4 = 216 kg ha-1. Nitrogen doses: N1 = 0 kg ha-1; N2 = 67 kg ha-1; N3 = 134 kg ha-1; N4 = 268 kg ha-1.	0.70^ significant at 0.01. Potassium doses: K1 = 0 kg ha-1; K2 = 54 kg ha-1; K3 = 108 kg ha-1; K4 = 216 kg ha-1. Nitrogen doses: N1 = 0 kg ha-1; N2 = 67 kg ha-1; N3 = 134 kg ha-1; N4 = 268 kg ha-1.	0.71^ significant at 0.01. Potassium doses: K1 = 0 kg ha-1; K2 = 54 kg ha-1; K3 = 108 kg ha-1; K4 = 216 kg ha-1. Nitrogen doses: N1 = 0 kg ha-1; N2 = 67 kg ha-1; N3 = 134 kg ha-1; N4 = 268 kg ha-1.
K	N1	-0.38^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	-0.42^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	-0.29^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;
	N2	0.13^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	0.24^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	-0.29^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;
	N3	0.59^ significant at 0.01. Potassium doses: K1 = 0 kg ha-1; K2 = 54 kg ha-1; K3 = 108 kg ha-1; K4 = 216 kg ha-1. Nitrogen doses: N1 = 0 kg ha-1; N2 = 67 kg ha-1; N3 = 134 kg ha-1; N4 = 268 kg ha-1.	0.55^* * significant at 0.05;	0.64^ significant at 0.01. Potassium doses: K1 = 0 kg ha-1; K2 = 54 kg ha-1; K3 = 108 kg ha-1; K4 = 216 kg ha-1. Nitrogen doses: N1 = 0 kg ha-1; N2 = 67 kg ha-1; N3 = 134 kg ha-1; N4 = 268 kg ha-1.
	N4	-0.35^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	-0.41^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	-0.21^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;
All treatments		0.41^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	0.41^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;	0.28^ns ns Non-significant at 0.05;

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[TFN1] ^ns
Non-significant at 0.05;

[TFN2] ^*
significant at 0.05;

[TFN3] ^**
significant at 0.01.

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Effect of fertigation with potassium and nitrogen on gas exchange and biomass accumulation in eggplant1

Efeito da fertirrigação com potássio e nitrogênio nas trocas gasosas e acúmulo de biomassa em berinjela

ABSTRACT

Effect of fertigation with potassium and nitrogen on gas exchange and biomass accumulation in eggplant¹