Desenvolvimento inicial e produtividade em cana-de-açúcar a partir de diferentes propágulos

Baracat, Jorge; Scarpare, Fábio Vale; Araújo, Raphael Branco de; Scarpare-Filho, João Alexio

doi:10.1590/1983-40632016v4744472

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Scientific Articles • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 47 (03) • Jul-Sep 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4744472 copiar

Desenvolvimento inicial e produtividade em cana-de-açúcar a partir de diferentes propágulos

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

O uso de pequenas seções de propágulos de cana-de-açúcar para o plantio gera novos desafios, devido ao uso de diferentes partes do colmo, pois cada uma contém concentrações de reservas e balanços hormonais diferentes. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de tipos de propágulos utilizados para o plantio de cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi conduzido a campo, em blocos casualizados, utilizando-se arranjo fatorial 3 x 3 (propágulos com 2, 3 e 4 gemas provenientes do ápice, do meio e da base dos colmos), com três repetições. A posição original (apical e central) e o número de gemas dos propágulos (2 e 3 gemas) influenciaram no desenvolvimento inicial das plantas e, consequentemente, na sua produtividade. A interação entre os dois fatores mostrou que, à medida que o número de gemas dos propágulos diminui, sua posição desempenha papel importante na brotação. Dessa forma, quando propágulos menores são utilizados para o estabelecimento de canaviais, a posição original da gema no propágulo deve ser considerada.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Tamanho do propágulo; posição de gemas; brotação; perfilhamento

Layer	OM	pH	H + Al	P	K	Ca	Mg	Al	S	SB	CEC	V	m
m	g dm^-3	CaCl₂	mmol_c dm^-3	mg dm^-3	^________ mmol_c dm^{-3 ________}				mg dm^-3	^___ mmol_c dm^{-3 ___}		^______ % ^______
0.0-0.2	9.0	4.9	28.0	18.0	3.8	19.0	9.0	1.0	13.0	31.8	59.8	53.2	3.0
0.2-0.4	8.0	4.4	42.0	10.0	2.6	17.0	8.0	6.0	56.0	27.6	69.6	39.7	17.9

Variable	Sprounting (16 DAP)	Sprounting(34 DAP)	Tillering	Plant height	Cane diameter	Cane yield	Sucrose	TRS
Position (P)	501.40^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	21.94^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	7.23^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	25.66^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	6.49^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	8.46^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	2.40^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	11.95^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.
Length (L)	32.20^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	0.41^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	0.84^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	16.04^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	3.79^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	4.36^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	0.48^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	3.86^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.
P x L	13.07^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	4.78^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	2.29^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	6.80^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	3.75^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	7.26^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	2.36^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	3.67^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.
CV (%)	11.00	20.00	18.50	3.10	3.50	27.30	12.40	29.20

	CV (%)	^{___________________} Position ^{___________________}
	CV (%)	Apical	Central	Basal
Tillering	18.5	28.0 a	27.1 a	23.9 b

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[TFN1] OM = organic matter; SB = sum of bases; CEC = cationic exchange capacity; V = percentage of base saturation.

Variable	Sprounting (16 DAP)	Sprounting(34 DAP)	Tillering	Plant height	Cane diameter	Cane yield	Sucrose	TRS
Position (P)	501.40^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	21.94^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	7.23^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	25.66^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	6.49^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	8.46^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	2.40^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	11.95^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.
Length (L)	32.20^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	0.41^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	0.84^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	16.04^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	3.79^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	4.36^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	0.48^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	3.86^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.
P x L	13.07^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	4.78^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	2.29^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	6.80^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	3.75^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	7.26^** , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	2.36^ns , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.	3.67^* , * and ns Significant at 1 %, 5 % and not significant, respectively.
CV (%)	11.00	20.00	18.50	3.10	3.50	27.30	12.40	29.20

Type	^{_____________________} Sprouting (%) 16 DAP ^{_____________________}			^{_____________________} Sprouting (%) 34 DAP ^{_____________________}
Type	Apical	Central	Basal	Apical	Central	Basal
2 buds	29.105 Aa^* * Capital letters on the columns represent the results of the Tukey test (alpha = 0.05) comparing the number of buds, while lowercase letters on the rows are the results of the Tukey test comparing the position of the cuttings. TRS: total recoverable sugar per hectare.	9.987 Ab	1.817 Ac	67.647 Aa	60.621 Aa	30.229 Bb
3 buds	24.064 Aa	7.229 ABb	1.842 Ac	69.529 Aa	53.199 Ab	45.623 Ab
4 buds	14.889 Ba	4.549 Bb	2.389 Ab	61.420 Aa	59.568 Aa	50.463Aa
Type	^{_________________________} Plant height (m) ^{_________________________}			^{_____________________} Stalk diameter (mm) ^{_____________________}
Type	Apical	Central	Basal	Apical	Central	Basal
2 buds	99.213 Ba	108.777 ABa	65.415 Bb	21.6589 Bab	23.6866 Aa	19.8114 Bb
3 buds	124.180 Aa	100.995 Bb	102.523 Ab	24.1779 Aa	22.3801 Ab	22.7525 Aab
4 buds	116.595 ABab	120.098 Aa	95.512 Ab	22.2994 Ba	23.3894 Aa	21.6457 ABa
Type	^{______________________} Cane yield (Mg ha^-1) ^{______________________}			^{__________________________} TRS (Mg ha^-1) ^{__________________________}
Type	Apical	Central	Basal	Apical	Central	Basal
2 buds	157.32 Aa	146.92 Aa	90.09 Bb	18.983 Aa	16.724 Aa	11.120 Bb
3 buds	162.94 Aa	138.94 Ab	169.26 Aa	19.593 Aa	18.896 Aa	17.019 Aa
4 buds	162.02 Aa	156.23 Aab	121.73 Bb	20.131 Aa	19.052 Aab	14.109 ABb