New distribution record, host plant and notes on natural history of <i>Tomoplagia rudolphi</i> (Lutz &amp; Lima, 1918) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, there are few records of geographical distribution and host plants to species of Tomoplagia Coquillett, as well as other genera of Tephritidae, especially those associated with plants of the family Asteraceae. Here, we report the first occurrence of Tomoplagia rudolphi (Lutz & Lima, 1918Lutz, A. & Lima, A.M.C. 1918. Contribuição para o estudo das Tripaneidas (moscas de frutas) brasileiras. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 10: 5-15.) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, inducing stem galls in Vernonanthura tweediana (Baker) H. Rob. (Asteraceae, Vernonieae), whose plant becomes a new host record for this species. In this way, is increased to nine species of Tomoplagia recorded for Rio Grande do Sul. Biological and morphological data and photos of gall, larvae, pupae at new host and distribution map of the species in Brazil are provided.

Key-Words
Tephritinae; Asteraceae; Vernonieae; Galls; Insect-plant interaction

Authorship

Marcoandre Savaris

Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia (LEA), Laboratório de Taxonomia dos Insetos de Importância Agrícola, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia. Piracicaba, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São PauloBrazilPiracicaba, SP, BrazilUniversidade de São Paulo (USP), Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia (LEA), Laboratório de Taxonomia dos Insetos de Importância Agrícola, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia. Piracicaba, SP, Brasil.

3 E-mail: savaris@usp.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9145-6059

Felipe da Luz

Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais.Passo Fundo, RS, Brasil.Universidade de Passo FundoBrazilPasso Fundo, RS, BrazilUniversidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais.Passo Fundo, RS, Brasil.

4 E-mail: dlzfelipe@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1837-5882

Lisete Maria Lorini

5 E-mail: lisete@upf.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9177-4711

Silvana Lampert

6 E-mail: lampert@usp.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7930-0289

³
E-mail: savaris@usp.br

⁴
E-mail: dlzfelipe@gmail.com

⁵
E-mail: lisete@upf.br

⁶
E-mail: lampert@usp.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (4)

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Figure 1
Distribution map for Tomoplagia rudolphi in Brazil. (●) earlier records. (⋆) new record.

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Figure 2
Biological aspects of Tomoplagia rudolphi. (A) gall; (B) larvae within of gall and damage; (C) indication in the mature galls of the future holes of fly exit; (D) pupae inside of the gall; (E) adult freshly-emerged; (F) old and dry galls with exit holes from adult insects; (G, H) larval feeding residues and old puparium.

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Figure 3
Scanning electron micrographs of larvae of Tomoplagia rudolphi. (A) habitus, lateral; (B) mouthhooks (preoral teeth indicated by white arrow); (C) head, ventral view (oral ridges indicated by black arrow); (D) antenna and maxillary palpus; (E) anterior spiracle, lateral view; (F) anterior spiracle, dorsal view (slitlike opening indicated by yellow arrow); (G) rows of spinules on anterior margin of each segment; (H) detail of the conical spinules. Abbreviations: A1 = A7 = abdominal segments; ant = antenna; K1, K2 = knob sensilla; lab = labium; mxp = maxillary palpus; P1 = P5 = papila sensilla; prap th = preapical tooth of mouthhook; pror th = preoral teeth; spn = spinules; T1, T2, T3 = pro-, meso-, and metathorax.

Thumbnail

Figure 4
Scanning electron micrographs and photos of the larval of Tomoplagia rudolphi. (A) caudal segment; (B) posterior spiracle (tapered shape indicated by black arrow); (C) posterior spiracle, detail of the three respiratory openings; (D) anal opening; (E) pupa, frontal view; (F) pupa, posterior view; (G) cephalopharyngeal skeleton, lateral view; (H) anterior spiracle, lateral view; (I) posterior spiracle, dorsal view. Abbreviations: a spr = anterior spiracle; as = anterior sclerite; at = apical tooth; da = dorsal apodeme; db = dorsal bridge; dc = dorsal cornu; ds = dental sclerite; hb = hypopharyngeal bridge; hs = hypopharyngeal sclerite; md = mandible; prap th = preapical tooth; ps = pharyngeal sclerite; p spr = posterior spiracle; rm = rima; spr h = spiracular hairs; va = ventral apodeme; vc = ventral cornu.

Figure 1 Distribution map for Tomoplagia rudolphi in Brazil. (●) earlier records. (⋆) new record.

Figure 2 Biological aspects of Tomoplagia rudolphi. (A) gall; (B) larvae within of gall and damage; (C) indication in the mature galls of the future holes of fly exit; (D) pupae inside of the gall; (E) adult freshly-emerged; (F) old and dry galls with exit holes from adult insects; (G, H) larval feeding residues and old puparium.

Figure 3 Scanning electron micrographs of larvae of Tomoplagia rudolphi. (A) habitus, lateral; (B) mouthhooks (preoral teeth indicated by white arrow); (C) head, ventral view (oral ridges indicated by black arrow); (D) antenna and maxillary palpus; (E) anterior spiracle, lateral view; (F) anterior spiracle, dorsal view (slitlike opening indicated by yellow arrow); (G) rows of spinules on anterior margin of each segment; (H) detail of the conical spinules. Abbreviations: A1 = A7 = abdominal segments; ant = antenna; K1, K2 = knob sensilla; lab = labium; mxp = maxillary palpus; P1 = P5 = papila sensilla; prap th = preapical tooth of mouthhook; pror th = preoral teeth; spn = spinules; T1, T2, T3 = pro-, meso-, and metathorax.

Figure 4 Scanning electron micrographs and photos of the larval of Tomoplagia rudolphi. (A) caudal segment; (B) posterior spiracle (tapered shape indicated by black arrow); (C) posterior spiracle, detail of the three respiratory openings; (D) anal opening; (E) pupa, frontal view; (F) pupa, posterior view; (G) cephalopharyngeal skeleton, lateral view; (H) anterior spiracle, lateral view; (I) posterior spiracle, dorsal view. Abbreviations: a spr = anterior spiracle; as = anterior sclerite; at = apical tooth; da = dorsal apodeme; db = dorsal bridge; dc = dorsal cornu; ds = dental sclerite; hb = hypopharyngeal bridge; hs = hypopharyngeal sclerite; md = mandible; prap th = preapical tooth; ps = pharyngeal sclerite; p spr = posterior spiracle; rm = rima; spr h = spiracular hairs; va = ventral apodeme; vc = ventral cornu.

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New distribution record, host plant and notes on natural history of <i>Tomoplagia rudolphi</i> (Lutz & Lima, 1918) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

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E-mail: savaris@usp.br