Open-access Epidemiological Survey of Oral and Maxillofacial Lesion Patients Diagnosed in a Hospital Service of Anatomopathology

ABSTRACT

Objective:  To carry out an epidemiological survey of oral and maxillofacial lesions at the Integrated Center for Pathological Anatomy of the Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital, Brazil.

Material and Methods:  Between the years 2013 and 2023, the histopathological reports and clinical forwarding sheets were analyzed. Among the 909 units obtained, 118 patients were excluded because they had lesions on their skin or had inconclusive histopathological diagnoses. The data were presented using descriptive statistics.

Results:  791 different reports and 88 different histopathological variants were obtained. The distribution by race or skin color showed that most patients were non-black (33.1%). The most prevalent sex was female (51.9%), and the mean age was 42 years (1 to 100). Most biopsies were excisional (68.5%), of a benign nature (87.1%), and located in the jaws (51.6%). The group of epithelial pathologies (18.8%), odontogenic cysts (17%), and bone pathology (14%) were the most common ones. Regarding diagnoses, oral squamous cell carcinoma (8.98%) was the most frequently reported, followed by fibrous hyperplasia (8.09%) and ameloblastoma (7.33%).

Conclusion:  The profile of patients with oral and maxillofacial lesions assisted at the service corresponds to individuals who need high-complexity medical and dental treatment.

Keywords:
Biopsy; Epidemiology; Health Services Accessibility; Pathology; Oral.

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