Prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in Brazilian Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ABSTRACT

Objective:  To summarize data on the prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in Brazilian children and adolescents and to evaluate its frequency and geographic distribution.

Material and Methods:  A systematic review was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Latin American Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), EMBASE, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Virtual Health Library (BIREME), Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, covering studies published from 2000 to 2023. The inclusion criteria were studies assessing the prevalence of MIH in Brazilian children and adolescents, published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish, with samples of Brazilians aged 5 to 15 years. Two reviewers conducted the study selection under the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. The risk of bias was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, with a combined sample of 8,312 participants. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the pooled prevalence of MIH using random-effects models.

Results:  The pooled prevalence of MIH in the Brazilian population is 15.9% (95% CI: 11.3-20.5). The Southeast region has the highest prevalence, at 20.2%, followed by the Northeast at 16.7%, the South at 13%, and the Midwest at 11.5%.

Conclusion:  These findings suggest that the prevalence of MIH in Brazil is comparable to the global estimate, albeit with regional variations.

Keywords:
Molar Hypomineralization; Prevalence; Child; Adolescent