Investigation of the Erosive Potential of Different Types of Alcoholic Beverages

Meira, Ingrid Andrade; Fernandes, Nayanna Lana Soares; Lavôr, Juliane Rolim de; Sampaio, Fábio Correia; Oliveira, Andressa Feitosa Bezerra de

doi:10.1590/pboci.2020.050

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Clín. Integr. 20 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2020.050 copy

Investigation of the Erosive Potential of Different Types of Alcoholic Beverages

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate the erosive potential of different alcoholic beverages according to pH, titratable acidity and buffering capacity.

Material and Methods:

Thirteen industrialized alcoholic beverages of different brands were selected and divided into five groups according to their type and composition. The pH measurement and titratable acidity for pH 5.5 and 7.0 were performed in triplicate in 50 mL of each beverage. The buffering capacity was calculated based on pH and titratable acidity for pH 7.0. ANOVA, Tukey, and Pearson correlation, with p<0.05, were used for data analysis.

Results:

Data showed normal distribution by Shapiro-Wilk test. The pH of alcoholic beverages ranged from 2.49 (Miks Ice Tea - Green Fruits) to 7.64 (Smirnoff). The highest values of acid titration (4.68) and buffer capacity (19.97) were observed in Smirnoff Ice. The following correlations (p<0.01) were noted between: pH and titratable acidity; buffering capacity and pH; buffering capacity and titratable acidity.

Conclusion:

Some beers and alcopops presented erosive potential due to their lower pH associated with high acid titration values. The whisky and sugarcane liquor examined were not potentially erosive.

Keywords:
Alcoholic Beverages; Alcoholism; Adolescent; Tooth Erosion; Dental Enamel

Type of Beverage (Flavor)	Composition	Brand / Manufacturer	Lot
Beer (Pilsen)	Water, malt, unmalted sorghum, carbohydrates, hops, antioxidants: INS 316 and INS 221 and stabilizer INS 405. Alcohol by volume: 4,7%	Skol / Ambev S.A.	Not Informed
Beer (Pilsen)	Water, malt, unmalted sorghum, carbohydrates, hops, antioxidants: INS 316 and INS 221 and stabilizer INS 405. Alcohol by volume: 5%	Brahma / Ambev S.A.	Not Informed
Beer (Pilsen)	Water, malt, unmalted sorghum, carbohydrates, hops, antioxidants: INS 316 and INS 221 and stabilizer INS 405. Alcohol by volume: 4,9%	Antarctica / Ambev S.A.	Not Informed
Beer (Lager Premium)	Water, Pure Barley Malt, Hops, Yeast and Gluten. Alcohol by volume: 5%	Heineken / CKBR S.A.	5202076B1451
Alcopop	Water and rectified alcohol. Alcohol by volume: 37.5%	Vodka SMIRNOFF No.21 / DIAGEO	Not Informed
Alcopop (Lemon)	Carbonated water, vodka, sugar, acidulants: citric acid and tartaric acid, natural lemon flavorings, acidity regulators: sodium citrate and malic acid and preservative sodium benzoate. Gluten-free. Alcohol by volume: 5%	Smirnoff Ice / DIAGEO	LE 462 L2
Alcopop (Lemon)	Water, sugar, simple alcoholic distillate of cereals, acidulants: INS 330 and INS 334, natural lemon flavor, INS 150C dye and acidity regulators: INS 331III and INS 296. Gluten-free. Alcohol by volume: 8%	Skol Beats Senses / Ambev S.A.	Not Informed
Alcopop (Green fruits with green tea)	Vodka, sugar, preservative sodium benzoate (INS 211), acidulants: citric acid (INS 330), malic acid (INS 296) and tartaric acid (INS 334), pear extract, kiwifruit extract, green tea extract, aroma identical to natural pear, INS 133 and INS 102 dyes, and carbonated water. Alcohol by volume: 5.5%	Miks Ice Tea / Distribuidora de Bebidas F Antônio Chiamulera Ltda	Not Informed
Alcopop (Green apple with mate and tonic water)	Vodka, sugar, preservative sodium benzoate (INS 211), acidulants: citric acid (INS 330), tartaric acid (INS 334), EDTA sequestrant (INS 385), malic acid (INS 296), green mate extract, aroma identical to natural apple green, aroma identical to natural tonic water and carbonated water. Alcohol by volume: 5.5%	Miks Ice Tea / Distribuidora de Bebidas F. Antônio Chiamulera Ltda	Not Informed
Red Wine (Soft Burgundy)	Fermented grapes and sugar. Preservatives INS 202 and INS 220. Alcohol by volume: 10.1%	Quinta do Morgado / Fante Ind. Bebidas Ltda	0815 13:54 L3
Whisky (Scotch)	Malt whisky, grain whisky distilled and aged in the origin, water and caramel dye INS 150^a. Alcoholic graduation 40% of the volume.	Teacher's / Pernord Ricard Brasil Ind. e Com. Ltda	15147R345001057
Sugarcane Liquor	Distillation of fermented sugarcane juice and sugar. Alcohol by volume: 40%	Pitú / Pitú Ltda	1820840
Sugarcane Liquor	Distillation of fermented sugarcane juice, sugar and water. Alcohol by volume: 39%	51 Pirassununga / Companhia Müller de Bebidas Nordeste	200914
Mineral Water	Strontium: 0.027. Calcium: 0.614. Potassium: 0.500. Sodium: 94.100. Vanadium: 0.087. Sulfate: 39.26. Carbonate: 79.82. Bicarbonate: 33.77. Fluoride: 0.45. Nitrate: 0.31. Chloride: 2.83. Bromide: 0.02.	Ibira / Ibira Água Mineral Natural Ltda	140612
Cola-based Soft Drink	Carbonated water, sugar, kola nut extract, caramel colorant IV, phosphoric acid as the acidifier, caffeine and natural aroma.	Coca-Cola / The Coca-Cola Company	21608SP

Group	Beverages	pH	TA		β
Group	Beverages		pH 5.5	pH 7.0
Beer	Skol	4.05 ± 0.05	0.57 ± 0.29	1.87 ± 0.15	12.20 ± 0.81
	Skol Beats	2.51 ± 0.05	2.87 ± 0.15	4.55 ± 0.05	18.59 ± 0.36
	Brahma	4.11 ± 0.01	0.57 ± 0.03	2.05 ± 0.13	13.64 ± 0.88
	Antarctica	3.85 ± 0.05	0.63 ± 0.03	2.08 ± 0.16	12.7 ± 0.88
	Heineken	4.26 ± 0.03	0.60 ± 0.05	2.10 ± 0.22	14.69 ± 1.58
Sugarcane Liquor	Pitú	4.29 ± 0.02	0.02 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00	0.22 ± 0.00
	51	4.01 ± 0.08	0.04 ± 0.00	0.06 ± 0.01	0.38 ± 0.05
Alcopop	Smirnoff Red Triple	7.64 ± 0.35	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00
	Smirnoff Ice	2.70 ± 0.10	3.22 ± 0.13	4.68 ± 0.13	19.97 ± 0.17
	Miks Ice Tea (Green Fruits)	2.49 ± 0.03	2.67 ± 0.16	4.10 ± 0.13	16.79 ± 0.59
	Miks Ice Tea (Green Apple)	2.71 ± 0.01	2.15 ± 0.05	3.33 ± 0.21	14.57 ± 0.83
Red Wine	Quinta do Morgado	3.12 ± 0.01	3.3 ± 0.48	3.87 ± 0.55	18.47 ± 2.49
Whisky	Teacher's	3.80 ± 0.03	0.04 ± 0.01	0.06 ± 0.01	0.40 ± 0.04
Controls	Ibira	10.11± 0.02	0	0	0
	Coca-Cola	2.47 ± 0.01	0.63 ± 0.15	1.97 ± 0.21	8.36 ± 0.86

		pH Initial
Groups	Beverages		Mineral Water		Coke
		Mean (DP)	Mean (DP)	p-value	Mean (DP)	p-value
Beer	Skol	4.05 ± 0.05	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	<0.001
	Skol Beats	2.51 ± 0.04	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	1.000
	Brahma	4.11 ± 0.01	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	<0.001
	Antarctica	3.85 ± 0.04	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	<0.001
	Heineken	4.26 ± 0.02	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	<0.001
Sugar Cane Liquor	Pitú	4.29 ± 0.03	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	<0.001
	51	4.01 ± 0.07	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	<0.001
Alcopop	Smirnoff Red Triple	7.64 ± 0.35	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	<0.001
	Smirnoff Ice	2.70 ± 0.11	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	0.039
	Miks (Green Fruits)	2.49 ± 0.02	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	1.000
	Miks (Green Apple)	2.71 ± 0.01	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	0.146
Red Wine	Quinta do Morgado	3.12 ± 0.01	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	<0.001
Whisky	Teacher's	3.80 ± 0.02	10.11 ± 0.02	0.000	2.47 ± 0.01	<0.001

Associação de Apoio à Pesquisa em Saúde Bucal Avenida Epitácio Pessoa, 4161 - Sala 06, Miramar, CEP: 58020-388, João Pessoa, PB - Brasil, Tel.: 55-83-98773 2150 - João Pessoa - PB - Brazil
E-mail: apesb@terra.com.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: Ingrid Andrade Meira, Avenida Limeira, 901, Areião, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. 13414-903. Phone: +55 83 99909-8804. E-mail: ingrid_meiraa@hotmail.com.