Weeds Associated with Banana Crops in Magdalena Department, Colombia

QUINTERO-PERTÚZ, I.; CARBONÓ-DELAHOZ, E.; JARMA-OROZCO, A.

doi:10.1590/S0100-83582020380100015

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Article • Planta daninha 38 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582020380100015 copy

Weeds Associated with Banana Crops in Magdalena Department, Colombia

Plantas Daninhas Associadas a Culturas de Banana no Departamento de Magdalena - Colômbia

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

This study was conducted to determine the richness and composition of weed communities associated with banana plantations in Magdalena department, Colombia. Between September 2016 and May 2017, a total of 164 hectares were assessed over four agroecological zones (Alta, Media, Baja and Norte); in each zone, three representative farms were selected where, through zigzag paths, botanical collections were made in cultivated lots. Information on life cycle, growth habit and origin of each species was included. The floristic composition was represented by 204 species distributed among 143 genera and 54 families. Poaceae, with 31 species, was the family with the highest species richness, followed by Fabaceae (12) and Asteraceae (11). From the total species recorded, 113 are perennial (55%) and 91 are annual (45%); 141 species are herbaceous (68%), 38 are climbers (20%), and 25 are arboreal or shrubby (12%). Native species predominate over introduced species. The species richness does not differ significantly between the sampling zones, but the weed community composition does. The presence of common species reported as important weeds worldwide was recorded in the four zones. However, some species were recorded in only one of the zones, generating a differential composition pattern. Comparison with local inventories showed changes in the composition of the weed complex over time. The presence of various species not previously considered weeds in the banana crops of this region is highlighted.

Keywords:
banana plantations; floristic composition; species richness; weed community

Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas Departamento de Fitotecnia - DFT, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, 36570-000 - Viçosa-MG - Brasil, Tel./Fax::(+55 31) 3899-2611 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: rpdaninha@gmail.com

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[1] * Corresponding author: <irquipe@gmail.com>

Zone	Characteristics		Municipality/Sector	Farms	Cultivated area by zone (ha)	Estimated area (ha)
Zone	Climate	Soil	Municipality/Sector	Farms	Cultivated area by zone (ha)	Estimated area (ha)
Norte	Warm dry, Altitude 20 m, R 1500 mm, PET 1739 mm, T 27 °C	pH 6.5, medium and coarse textures; high to moderate natural fertility	Santa Marta: Guachaca, Don Diego	Don Diego Linas 1 y 4 Caballos	1,100	14
Baja	Warm very dry, Altitude 24 m, R 500 mm, PET 1910 mm, T 30 °C	pH 8.6, medium to coarse texture; low to moderate fertility	Ciénaga: La Aguja, Costa Verde	Burdeos Margarita Rosa La Lola	1,200	15
Media	Warm dry, Altitude 30 m, R 800 mm, PET 1890 mm, T 27.5 °C	pH 7.1, fine to medium texture; limited by salts and sodium	Zona Bananera: Río Frío, Orihueca	Florida Chavela Josefina San Rafael	5,500	68
Alta	Warm dry, Altitude 53 m, R 1400 mm, PET 1500 mm, T 28.4 °C	pH 6.3, fine to medium texture; limited by salts and sodium	Zona Bananera: Guacamayal, Sevilla, Tucurinca	Crisol Carmen Envidia Esmeralda Fortuna	5,418	67
Total area estimated and sampled (ha)						164

Family	Species	LC	Ha	Ori	BZ	MZ	AZ	NZ
ACANTHACEAE	Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.	P	H	N		x	x	x
	Justicia carthaginensis Jacq.	P	H	N			x
	Justicia comata (L.) Lam.	P	H	N	x	x	x
	Ruellia ciliatiflora Hook	P	H	N				x
	Ruellia tuberosa L.	P	H	N		x	x	x
	Thunbergia fragrans Roxb.	P	C	I	x
	Trichanthera gigantea(Bonpl.) Nees	P	Ar	N	x
ALISMATACEAE	Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau	P	H	I			x
AMARANTHACEAE	Achyranthes aspera L.	A	H	I		x	x
	Alternanthera albotomentosa Suess.	A	H	N	x		x	x
	Alternanthera flavescens Kunth	P	H	N			x
	Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thell.	A	H	N	x	x	x
	Amaranthus spinosus L.	A	H	N		x
	Amaranthus viridis L	A	H	I	x	x	x	x
	Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth	A	H	N	x		x
	Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume	P	H	I			x
	Gomphrena serrata L.	A	H	N			x
AMARYLLIDACEAE	Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb.	P	H	N	x
ANACARDIACEAE	Spondias mombin L.	P	Ar	N	x
APOCYNACEAE	Cynanchum racemosum (Jacq.) Jacq.	A	H	N				x
	Marsdenia macrophylla (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult.) E. Fourn.	P	L	N	x			x
	Mesechites trifidus (Jacq.) Müll. Arg.	P	C	N	x		x	x
	Rauvolfia littoralisRusby	P	Ar	N	x
	Rauvolfia tetraphylla L.	P	Ar	N	x	x
	Rauvolfia viridis Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.	P	Ar	N	x
	Sarcostemma clausum (Jacq.) Schult.	P	C	I	x
	Sarcostemma glaucum Kunth	A	C	I	x	x
ARACEAE	Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent.	P	H	I		x	x
	Monstera obliqua Miq.	P	C	N	x	x		x
	Philodendron hederaceum (Jacq.) Schott	P	C	N		x	x
	Syngonium podophyllum Schott	P	C	I	x	x	x	x
	Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott	P	C	N		x		x
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE	Aristolochia anguicida Jacq.	P	C	N		x		x
ASPLENIACEAE	Asplenium cristatumBrack.	P	F	N				x
ASTERACEAE	Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H. Rob.	P	H	I	x	x	x	x
	Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.	A	H	I		x	x
	Eleutheranthera ruderalis (Sw.) Sch. Bip.	A	H	N	x	x		x
	Emilia coccinea(Sims) G. Don	A	H	I				x
	Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC.	A	H	I				x
	Erechtites hieracifolia Raf.	A	H	N	x
	Erigeron bonariensis L.	A	H	N			x
	Melampodium divaricatum (Rich.) DC.	A	H	N	x		x	x
	Mikania micrantha Kunth	P	C	N				x
	Spilanthes urens Jacq.	A	H	N	x	x	x
	Tridax procumbens L.	A	H	N	x		x
BIGNONIACEAE	Adenocalymma inundatum Mart. ex DC.	P	L	N			x
BIGNONIACEAE	Dolichandra unguis-cati (L.) L.G. Lohmann	P	L	N	x	x
BLECHNACEAE	Salpichlaena sp.	P	F	N	x
BORAGINACEAE	Cordia alba (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult.	P	Ar	N	x		x
BORAGINACEAE	Heliotropium angiospermum Murray	P	H	N	x	x	x
CAMPANULACEAE	Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don	P	H	N	x
CARYOPHYLLACEAE	Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. Ex Schult.	A	H	N				x
CLEOMACEAE	Cleome aculeata L.	A	H	U		x
COMMELINACEAE	Callisia cordifolia (Sw.) Andiers. & Woodson	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Callisia monandra (Sw.) Schult. & Schult. f.	P	H	N				x
	Callisia repens (Jacq.) L.	P	H	N	x	x
	Commelina erecta L.	P	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan	A	H	I	x	x	x	x
	Tripogandra multiflora (Sw.) Raf.	P	H	N	x	x	x	x
CONVOLVULACEAE	Evolvulus nummularius (L.) L.	P	H	N	x	x	x
	Ipomoea incarnata(Vahl) Choisy	A	L	N		x
	Ipomoea meyeri (Spreng.) G. Don	A	C	N			x
	Merremia umbellata (L.) Hallier f.	P	C	N		x	x	x
COSTACEAE	Cheilocostus speciosus (J. Koenig) C.D. Specht	P	C	N	x
CUCURBITACEAE	Cayaponia glandulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.	P	C	N	x	x	x	x
	Cayaponia racemosa(Mill.) Cogn.	P	C	N		x
	Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.	A	C	I	x
	Melothria pendula L	A	C	N	x	x	x	x
	Momordica charantia L.	A	C	I	x	x	x	x
	Rytidostylis carthagenensis (Jacq.) Kuntze	A	C	N	x	x	x
CYPERACEAE	Cyperus compressus L.	A	H	N			x	x
	Cyperus hermaphroditus (Jacq.) Standl.	P	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Cyperus iriaL.	A	H	I		x
	Cyperus laxusLam.	A	H	N				x
	Cyperus luzulae (L.) Rottb. ex Retz.	P	H	N				x
	Cyperus odoratus L.	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Cyperus rotundus L.	P	H	I	x	x	x
	Cyperus surinamensis Rottb.	A	H	N	x
	Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl	A	H	N			x
	Fimbristylis littoralis Gaudich.	A	H	N		x	x
	Kyllinga pumila Michx.	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
EUPHORBIACEAE	Acalypha alopecuroidea Jacq.	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Acalypha schiedeana Schltdl.	P	Ar	N	x
	Astraea lobata (L.) Klotzsch	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Croton hirtus L’Hér	P	H	U	x
	Euphorbia densiflora (Klotzsch & Garcke) Klotzsch	A	H	N		x
	Euphorbia dioeca Kunth	A	H	N			x
	Euphorbia hirta L.	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Euphorbia hypericifolia L.	A	H	I	x	x	x	x
FABACEAE	Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC.	P	H	I	x		x
	Cassia grandis L. f.	P	Ar	N			x
	Centrosema plumieri (Turpin ex Pers.) Benth.	P	C	N			x	x
	Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench	P	H	N			x
	Crotalaria incana L.	P	H	U			x
	Desmodium incanum (Sw.) DC.	P	H	N	x	x	x
	Desmodium scorpiurus (Sw.) Poir.	P	H	N	x	x
	Dioclea virgata (Rich.) Amshoff	P	L	N				x
	Senegalia polyphylla (DC.) Britton	P	Ar	I	x
	Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby	A	H	N			x
	Senna occidentalis (L.) Link	A	H	I		x
	Teramnus volubilis Sw.	P	C	N	x	x	x	x
LINDERNIACEAE	Lindernia crustacea (L.) F. Muell.	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
LOGANIACEAE	Spigelia anthelmia L.	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
LYGODIACEAE	Lygodium venustum Sw.	P	C	N	x
MALPIGHIACEAE	Stigmaphyllon dichotomum (L.) Griseb.	P	C	N	x		x
MALVACEAE	Corchorus aestuans L.	A	H	U		x
	Corchorus orinocensis Kunth	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Melochia parvifolia Kunth	P	Ar	N		x	x
	Melochia pyramidata L.	A	H	N				x
	Sida acuta Burm. f.	P	H	N		x	x	x
	Sida hyssopifolia C. Presl	P	Ar	N		x
	Sida rhombifolia L.	P	H	N	x
MELASTOMATACEAE	Clidemia quinquenervia(Mill.) Almeda	P	Ar	N				x
MENISPERMACEAE	Cissampelos pareira L.	P	C	N	x
MENISPERMACEAE	Odontocarya tamoides (DC.) Miers	P	C	N	x	x	x	x
MORACEAE	Moraceae sp.	P	Ar	U	x
MORACEAE	Maclura tinctoria (L.) D. Don ex Steud.	P	Ar	N		x		x
MYRTACEAE	Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston	P	Ar	I	x
NYCTAGINACEAE	Boerhavia erecta L.	A	H	N		x	x	x
NYCTAGINACEAE	Mirabilis jalapa L.	A	H	N			x
ONAGRACEAE	Ludwigia erecta (L.) H. Hara	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
ONAGRACEAE	Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell	A	H	N	x
PHYLLANTHACEAE	Phyllanthus niruri L.	A	H	I	x	x	x	x
PHYTOLACCACEAE	Microtea debilis Sw.	A	H	I	x	x	x	x
PHYTOLACCACEAE	Rivina humilis L.	P	H	N	x	x		x
PIPERACEAE	Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth	A	H	N	x	x		x
	Piper dilatatum L. C. Rich	P	Ar	N			x	x
	Piper marginatum Jacq.	P	Ar	N		x	x
	Piper peltatum L.	P	Ar	N	x	x	x	x
	Piper reticulatum L.	P	Ar	N			x
	Piper tuberculatum Jacq.	P	Ar	N	x	x	x	x
	Piper umbellatum L.	P	Ar	N			x
PLANTAGINACEAE	Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small	A	H	N	x	x	x
	Micranthemum umbrosum(J.F. Gmel.) S.F. Blake	A	H	I				x
	Scoparia dulcis L.	P	H	N	x		x
	Stemodia verticillata (Mill.) Hassl.	P	H	N		x	x
POACEAE	Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv.	P	H	N		x	x	x
	Bothriochloa pertusa(L.) A. Camus	A	H	I			x
	Brachiaria distachya (L.) Stapf.	P	H	I	x			x
	Brachiaria fasciculata (Sw.) Parodi	A	H	N	x	x	x
	Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.	P	H	I			x
	Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst	P	H	I	x
	Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd.	A	H	I			x
	Digitaria bicornis (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.	A	H	I	x		x	x
	Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler	A	H	N		x	x	x
	Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde	P	H	N	x
	Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.	A	H	I	x
	Echinochloa colona (L.) Link	A	H	I	x	x	x	x
	Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult.	A	H	N		x
	Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) Hitchc.	P	H	N			x	x
	Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.	A	H	I	x	x	x	x
	Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn.	A	H	I		x
	Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R. Br.	A	H	I		x
	Ixophorus unisetus (J. Presl) Schltdl.	P	H	N			x
	Leptochloa mucronata (Michx.) Kunth	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Leptochloa virgata (L.) P. Beauv.	P	H	N	x
	Oplismenus burmannii (Retz.) P. Beauv.	A	H	N			x	x
	Panicum antidotaleRetz.	P	H	I	x
	Panicum maximum Jacq.	P	H	I	x
	Panicum trichoides Sw.	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius	P	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Paspalum microstachyum J. Presl	A	H	N		x
	Paspalum paniculatum L.	P	H	N	x		x
	Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton	A	H	I	x		x
	Setaria parviflora (Poir.) M. Kerguelen	P	H	N	x
	Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br.	P	H	N	x
	Steinchisma laxum (Sw.) Zuloaga	P	H	N	x		x	x
PONTEDERIACEAE	Heteranthera reniformis Ruiz & Pav.	A	H	N				x
PORTULACACEAE	Portulaca oleracea L.	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
PTERIDACEAE	Adiantum petiolatum Desv.	P	H	N				x
	Adiantum tetraphyllum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.	P	F	N		x	x
	Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link	P	F	N	x	x	x	x
RUBIACEAE	Oldenlandia corymbosa L.	A	H	I	x	x	x	x
	Oldenlandia lancifolia(Schumach.) DC.	A	H	I		x
	Oldenlandia umbellataL.	P	H	I				x
	Spermacoce confusa Rendle	A	H	N	x
	Spermacoce exilis (L.O. Williams) C.D. Adams	A	H	N		x	x	x
	Spermacoce remota Lam.	P	H	N	x	x	x	x
	Spermacoce tenuior L.	A	H	N	x
	Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC.	A	H	N	x
SAPINDACEAE	Serjania mexicana (L.) Willd.	P	L	N	x	x	x
	Paullinia macrophylla Kunth	A	L	N	x	x
	Paullinia nitida Kunth	P	L	N	x
SCROPHULARIACEAE	Capraria biflora L.	P	Ar	N	x
SELAGINELLACEAE	Selaginella horizontalis (C. Presl) Spring	P	F	N	x	x	x	x
SMILACACEAE	Smilax spinosa Mill.	P	C	N	x
SOLANACEAE	Capsicum annuumL.	P	H	N			x
	Cestrum scandens Vahl	P	L	N	x	x	x
	Lycianthes lenta (Cav.) Bitter	P	L	N		x
	Physalis angulata L.	A	H	N	x
	Solanum bicolor Willd.	P	H	N			x
	Solanum jamaicense Mill.	P	H	N				x
	Solanum scabrum Mill.	P	C	I		x	x
TALINACEAE	Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn.	A	H	N	x		x
THELYPTERIDACEAE	Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy	P	F	I	x	x	x	x
URTICACEAE	Cecropia peltata L.	P	Ar	N	x	x	x
	Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew	A	H	U	x	x	x	x
	Phenax sonneratii (Poir.) Wedd.	A	Ar	N	x	x	x	x
	Pilea fendleri Killip	A	H	N		x
	Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm.	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
VERBENACEAE	Priva lappulacea (L.) Pers.	A	H	N	x	x		x
VERBENACEAE	Lantana camara L.	P	Ar	N	x
VIOLACEAE	Hybanthus attenuatus(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult.) Schulze-Menz	A	H	N	x	x	x	x
VITACEAE	Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis	P	C	N	x	x	x
Total number of species per zone					121	104	116	89