ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF <i>Cirsium arvense</i> EXTRACTS AGAINST PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>

BANARAS, S.; JAVAID, A.; SHOAIB, A.; AHMED, E.

doi:10.1590/S0100-83582017350100014

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Article • Planta daninha 35 • 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582017350100014 copy

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Cirsium arvense EXTRACTS AGAINST PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS Macrophomina phaseolina

Atividade Antifúngica dos Extratos de Cirsium arvense contra o Fungo Fitopatogênico Macrophomina phaseolina

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Leaves, stems, roots and inflorescence of the asteraceous weed Circium arvense were extracted in methanol for two weeks. Methanol was evaporated in a rotary evaporator. Different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%) of methanolic extracts were prepared, and their antifungal activities were studied against Macrophomina phaseolina, using malt extract broth as growth medium. In general, extracts of all plant parts showed antifungal activities to variable extents. The highest antifungal activity occurred due to methanolic extract of leaves, followed by stem and root extracts, resulting in 10-74%, 6-57% and 11-39% reduction in fungal biomass over control, respectively. Inflorescence extract showed the least antifungal activity, resulting in 2-30% reduction in fungal biomass over control. There was a linear and inverse relationship between extract concentrations and fungal biomass for extracts of all the four parts. GC-MS analysis showed that there were 10 compounds in most effective methanolic leaf extract. Among these, 10-octadecanoic acid, methyl ester (26.442%), 2H-1-benzopyran, 6,7-dimethoxy-2-2-dimethyl (20.195%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (15.752%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (12.628%) were predominant compounds in the extract that may be responsible for antifungal activity. This study concludes that methanolic leaf extracts of C. arvense can be used for the management of M. phaseolina.

Keywords:
antifungal activity; asteraceous weed; Cirsium arvense; Macrophomina phaseolina

Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas Departamento de Fitotecnia - DFT, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, 36570-000 - Viçosa-MG - Brasil, Tel./Fax::(+55 31) 3899-2611 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: rpdaninha@gmail.com

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[1] * Corresponding author: <arshadjpk@yahoo.com>

Sources of variation	Df	SS	MS	F values
Plant parts (P)	3	10416	3472	332*
Concentration (C)	5	83986	16797	1607*
P ( C	15	10673	712	68*
Error	72	753	10.5
Total	95	105827

Comp. No.	Compound Name	Molecular formula	Molecular weight	Retention time (min)	Peak area (%)
1	2H-1-Benzopyran, 6, 7-dimethoxy-2-2-dimethyl	C₁₃H₁₆O₃	220	16.031	20.195
2	3,5-ditert-Butyl-4-hydroxyacetophenone	C₁₆H₂₄O₂	248	16.694	2.858
3	2-Pentaadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl	C₁₈H₃₆O	268	17.900	2.966
4	Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester	C₁₇H₃₄O₂	270	18.707	15.752
5	9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester	C₁₉H₃₄O₂	294	20.355	12.628
6	10-Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester	C₁₉H₃₆O₂	296	20.406	26.442
7	Phytol	C₂₀H₄₀O	296	20.534	4.048
8	Heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-, methyl ester	C₁₉H₃₈O₂	298	20.619	3.541
9	Ergoline-8-carboxylic acid, 10-mrthoxy-6-methyl-, methyl ester, (8 alpha)	C₁₈H₂₂N₂O₃	314	23.805	4.150
10	1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester	C₁₆H₂₂O₄	278	24.195	7.420

Comp. No.	Compound Name	Nature	Property	Reference
1	2H-1-Benzopyran, 6, 7-dimethoxy-2-2-dimethyl	Coumarin (chromene)	Antibacterial, antimicrobial	Thareja et al. (2010); Thomas and Zachariah (2013)
2	3,5-ditert-Butyl-4-hydroxyacetophenone	ketone	Antibacterial	Mitu et al. (2009)
3	2-Pentaadecanone, 6,10, 14-trimethyl	ketone	Antibacterial	Akpuaka et al. (2013)
4	Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester	Palmitic acid methyl ester (fatty acid methyl ester)	Antimicrobial, pesticidal, nematicidal	Chandrasekaran, et al. (2011); Hema et al. (2011)
5	9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester	Linoleic acid methyl ester (fatty acid methyl ester)	Potent antifungal, antibacterial	Godwin et al. (2015)
6	10-Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester	Stearic acid methyl ester (fatty acid methyl ester)	Antimicrobial	Abubakar and Majinda (2016)
7	Phytol	Diterpene	Antifungal, antibacterial	Hema et al. (2011)
8	Heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-, methyl ester	Margaric acid methyl methyl ester (fatty acid methyl ester)	Antimicrobial	Zheng et al. (2005)
9	Ergoline-8-carboxylic acid, 10-mrthoxy-6-methyl-, methyl ester, (8 alpha)	Clavine alkaloids	LSD related used in medicines of prolactinoma and Parkinsons disease	Yates et al. (1985); Sundar and Justin (2015)
10	1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester	Aromatic dicarboxylic ester	Antifungal, Antimicrobial, antitumor, anti diabetic, anticancer, antioxidant, antiscabies, antiinflammatory	Syeda et al. (2011); Balachandran et al. (2012); Bagavathi and Ramasamy (2012)