Abstract
The essay takes a look at the literary lives of the Austrian exiles Leopold von Andrian, Paul Frischauer, and Otto Maria Carpeaux. They had similar political socializations in interwar Austria, were forced to leave Austria because of their ethnicity and political commitment, and lived in or near Rio de Janeiro. What distinguished Carpeaux, Frischauer, and Andrian from thousands of other refugees was their status and political contacts. They were more privileged materially, they were spared the hard struggle for survival of many others; nevertheless, they were displaced persons and homeless. Frischauer and Andrian returned to their home countries via circuitous routes after the end of World War II; Carpeaux stayed, became Brazilian, and left a strong legacy. This essay examines critically and analytically their attitudes, roles, and works in Brazilian exile. It presents and connects three biographical narratives. While the monarchist Leopold von Andrian clung to the restoration of the Habsburg monarchy, the younger, opportunistic fugitive Paul Frischauer gained access to power as a biographer of the dictator Vargas. Otto Maria Carpeaux, on the other hand, who like Andrian had been a theorist of the authoritarian Austrian corporative state, transformed himself into a Brazilian, a local literary pundit and a transatlantic bridge builder.
Keywords:
Austrian Exile; Austrian Literature; Leopold von Andrian; Paul Frischauer; Otto Maria Carpeaux