Abstract
Until recently, there were no policies that induce the formation of specialists geared to the Unified Heath System (SUS). A milestone was the National Program to Support Training of Medical Specialists in Strategic Areas - Pro-Residência, created in 2009. With the launch of the Mais Médicos Program by Law n. 12.871/2013, new strategies were shaped to enhance the regulation of training specialists. This article discusses the regulatory policies of the opening of medical residency positions from the Pro-Residência and addresses changes suggested by Law n. 12.871/2013 such as universal vacancies with emphasis on Family Medicine. This is a quantitative and qualitative study that uses bibliographic and documentary research. The results show the positive effects of public policies in the number and distribution of medical residency positions. The number of professionals has been doubled between 2009 and 2014 with more significant increase in the North and Northeast regions. Furthermore, there is also the emergence of specialties previously nonexistent in these regions. New challenges arise to expand residency with necessary quality and speed, such as improved tools for the management of health human resources, with expansion and qualification of preceptorship and practice fields for training.
Key words:
health policies; health manpower; demography / supply & distribution; internship and residency
