Analysis of the improvisation procedures of Brazilian instrumentalists Pixinguinha in 1 x 0 (One to zero; 1947) and K-Ximbinho in Velhos Companheiros (Old pals; 1981). A comparison of differences and similarities in their approaches reveals a preference for horizontal or vertical stylistic models.
K-Ximbinho; Pixinguinha; Brazilian choro; popular music; improvisation; music analysis