OPTIMAL ALLOCATION OF FLEET OF HELICOPTERS AND AIRPORTS TO TRANSPORT PASSENGERS IN OFFSHORE MARITIME UNITS

Pereira, Hugo Lustosa; Ferreira Filho, Virgílio José Martins; Vianna, Igor Girão

doi:10.1590/0101-7438.2023.043.00263236

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ARTICLES • Pesqui. Oper. 43 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-7438.2023.043.00263236 copy

OPTIMAL ALLOCATION OF FLEET OF HELICOPTERS AND AIRPORTS TO TRANSPORT PASSENGERS IN OFFSHORE MARITIME UNITS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The choice and distribution of the optimal fleet mix of helicopters to service the offshore air operation is an important logistical problem that has a potential to reduce costs considered in the oil and gas industry. The variability of helicopter models and sizes, as well as the possible operational restrictions of airport bases and airspace, requires that adequate numerical techniques of Operational Research are applied. In this context, this work develops a model to determine the trajectories and distances traveled between airport bases and offshore maritime units and vice-versa, through an airspace modeled by a directed graph. Also develop a helicopter performance model to obtain the estimated payload and flight times for each specified mission and last but not least an integer linear programming model to allocate an optimal fleet and airport mix for passenger transport through the use of different helicopter sizes. The model was applied to offshore units operating in the Santos basin due to their strategic importance in the oil and gas industry. The results obtained included a map of preferred regions for two different helicopter sizes (large and medium), the weekly flight tables showing the allocation of helicopters and airport for different demand scenarios, additionally the impact of fuel prices on different airport bases and the concentration of movements on air routes are also evaluated in order to complement the analysis.

Keywords:
optimization; offshore logistics; helicopters

Parameters
cei ^cru	Cruising ceiling
fuelc ^f	In-flight fuel consumption
fuelc ^g	On-ground fuel consumption (include helideck)
MTW	Maximum Takeoff Weight
OBW	Operating Basis Weight
r ^asc	Rate of ascent
r ^des	Descent rate
s	Number of seats available on the helicopter
spd ^cru	Cruising speed
t ^dck	Time on the ground (in helideck)
t ^g	Time on the ground (in airport)
t ^pc	Time on plataform circuit
w ^pax	Standard weight of the passenger with their personal luggage
d ^tot	Total distance traveled in the flight
fuel ^mis	fuel from start to stop
fuel ^res	Added fuel to ensure safe operation
t ^f	Time in flight
pax	Number of passengers allowed to be boarded on the flight

Sets
I(i)	set of airports
J(j)	set of maritime units
K(k)	set of types of aircrafts
Parameters
n	Number of airports
m	Number of maritime units
q	Number of types of aircrafts
pax _ijk	Passengers transported on each flight
c _ijk	Cost of a flight
f ^p	Flight hour price
fuel ^p	Price per liter of fuel
δ _i	Total airport i flight capacity
ε _ik	Capacity of flights of aircraft k at airport i
D _j	Demand for seats
Non-negative integer variables
v _ijk	Number of flights

Type	Quantity	Change location?
Fixed production	2	no
FPSO	18	no
FPSO test	1	yes
Drilling (NS and SS)	9	yes
PLSV, DSV	8	yes
Maintenance and Security Unit	4	yes
	42

Type	P50	P75	P90
production	72	75	77
drill	85	87	89
special boat	25	30	35

Aerodrome	Daily flight constrains
Aerodrome	Large size	Midsize	Total
SBJR (JACAREPAGUÁ)	15	20	26
SBMI (MARICÁ)	10	10	15
SBCB (CABO FRIO)	15	20	26
SBME (MACAÉ)	no constrains	no constrains	no constrains

Sce.	SBJR	SBMI	SBCB	SBME
1	✓	✓	✓	X
2	✓	X	✓	X
3	✓	✓	X	X
4	X	✓	✓	X
5	✓	X	X	✓
1.1 (no capacity constrains)	✓	✓	✓	X

Item	Size
Item	Large	Midsize
MTW	26.500 lb	6.800 kg (7.000 kg)
OBW	18.115 lb	4.680 kg
w ^pax	235 lb	107 kg
fuelc ^f	1.350 lb/h	400 kg/h
fuelc ^g	675 lb/h	320 kg/h
t ^g	17 min	17 min
t ^pc	4 min	4 min
t ^dck	10 min	8 min
T ^f	45 min	45 min
Taverage ^f	2,75 h	2,75 h
r ^asc	800 ft/min	800 ft/min
r ^des	500 ft/min	500 ft/min
spd ^cru	145 kt	155 kt
cei ^cru	3.000 ft	3.000 ft
Rf	5 days	5 days
Av ^average	92,5%	92,5%
f^p (R$/hours of flight)	R$ 9.000	R$ 5.000
f uel^p (R$/liter)	R$ 5,00	R$ 5,00
s	18	12

Un.	UM	SBJR		SBMI		SBCB		SBME
Un.	UM	Large	Mid	Large	Mid	Large	Mid	Large	Mid
1	PMLZ	0	7	0	5	0	4	0	2
2	PMXL	0	10	0	9	0	7	0	5
3	FPAR	16	7	16	7	15	7	12	5
4	FPIB	15	7	15	6	14	6	11	4
5	FPIT	18	9	18	8	18	8	14	6
6	FPMA	18	8	18	8	17	8	14	6
7	FPMR	17	7	17	7	16	7	13	5
8	FPPA	17	8	17	8	16	7	13	5
9	FPPL	18	9	18	10	18	10	18	8
10	FPCS	18	11	18	11	18	11	18	9
11	FPSP	15	7	15	6	14	6	10	4
12	FPSA	16	7	16	7	16	7	13	5
13	NS31	18	10	18	10	18	10	18	8
14	NS33	18	10	18	10	18	10	17	8
15	NS38	18	9	18	9	18	10	17	8
16	NS39	18	9	18	10	18	10	18	8
17	NS40	18	9	18	10	18	10	18	8
18	NS42	18	9	18	8	18	8	15	6
19	NS43	18	9	18	8	18	8	14	6
20	NS44	18	9	18	9	18	9	15	7
21	P-66	16	7	16	7	15	7	12	5
22	P-67	17	8	17	8	17	8	13	6
23	P-68	18	9	18	9	18	8	15	6
24	P-69	16	7	15	7	15	6	12	4
25	P-70	18	9	18	9	18	9	16	7
26	P-74	18	10	18	10	18	10	17	8
27	P-75	18	9	18	9	18	9	16	7
28	P-76	18	10	18	10	18	10	17	8
29	P-77	18	10	18	10	18	10	18	8
30	SS75	7	7	15	6	14	6	11	4
31	UMMA	10	10	18	10	18	10	17	8
32	UMPA	7	7	16	7	15	7	12	5
33	UMTJ	10	10	18	10	18	10	17	8
34	UMVE	11	11	18	11	18	11	18	9
35	SRIO	0	10	0	10	0	10	0	8
36	SARU	0	8	0	7	0	7	0	5
37	SAJA	0	7	0	7	0	6	0	4
38	FASA	0	9	0	10	0	10	0	8
39	SECR	0	7	0	7	0	7	0	5
40	SAON	0	8	0	8	0	8	0	6
41	SKST	0	8	0	8	0	7	0	5
42	SKAU	0	7	0	7	0	7	0	5

Sce.	Bases	Fleet		Variable Cost R$	Annual Diff. R$
Sce.	Bases	large	midsize	Variable Cost R$	Annual Diff. R$
1	SBJR, SBMI, SBCB	8,2	10,1	337.396.925	0
2	SBJR, SBCB	8,3	10,2	338.074.784	677.859
3	SBJR, SBMI	9,0	8,8	340.353.712	2.956.787
4	SBMI, SBCB	9,5	8,3	352.222.483	14.825.558
5	SBJR, SBME	11,0	5,5	372.055.979	34.659.054

Sce.	BASE	fuel R$/l	Variable Cost R$	%
1.1	ALL	5.00	337.396.925	0,0%
1.1	SBJR	4.50	329.626.170	-2,3%
1.1	SBMI	4.50	331.607.244	-1,7%
1.1	SBCB	4.50	333.407.095	-1,2%
1.1	SBJR	4.00	320.068.907	-5,1%
1.1	SBMI	4.00	321.979.020	-4,6%
1.1	SBCB	4.00	326.014.701	-3,4%

Item	Type of routes		%
Item	Direct	AIC 27/21	%
half average distance (nm)	132,3	137,2	3,7%
average fuel consumption (kg)	1.115	1.148	2,9%
# average pax	12,4	12,2	-1,6%
average total cost R$	21.517	22.172	3,0%

waypoint	Scenario	Mov./week	Mov./h	separation in minutes
CS011	cen1 5.00 reais	196	2.8	21.4
CS021	cen1 5.00 reais	186	2.7	22.6
CS017	cen1 5.00 reais	166	2.4	25.3
CS021	cen2 5.00 reais	186	2.7	22.6
DIBIL	cen2 5.00 reais	152	2.2	27.6
EGUDI	cen2 5.00 reais	152	2.2	27.6
CS011	cen3 5.00 reais	210	3.0	20.0
CS021	cen3 5.00 reais	186	2.7	22.6
CS017	cen3 5.00 reais	178	2.5	23.6
CS017	cen4 5.00 reais	196	2.8	21.4
PAPIS	cen4 5.00 reais	182	2.6	23.1
BS082	cen4 5.00 reais	167	2.4	25.1
CS021	cen5 5.00 reais	166	2.4	25.3
DIBIL	cen5 5.00 reais	163	2.3	25.8
EGUDI	cen5 5.00 reais	163	2.3	25.8
DIBIL	cen1.1 4.50 reais SBJR	220	3.1	19.1
EGUDI	cen1.1 4.50 reais SBJR	220	3.1	19.1
BS009	cen1.1 4.50 reais SBJR	204	2.9	20.6
CS011	cen1.1 4.50 reais SBMI	343	4.9	12.2
CS017	cen1.1 4.50 reais SBMI	265	3.8	15.8
CS013	cen1.1 4.50 reais SBMI	203	2.9	20.7
PAPIS	cen1.1 4.50 reais SBCB	178	2.5	23.6
BS023	cen1.1 4.50 reais SBCB	156	2.2	26.9
CS018	cen1.1 4.50 reais SBCB	156	2.2	26.9
DIBIL	cen1.1 4.00 reais SBJR	259	3.7	16.2
EGUDI	cen1.1 4.00 reais SBJR	259	3.7	16.2
BS009	cen1.1 4.00 reais SBJR	220	3.1	19.1
CS011	cen1.1 4.00 reais SBMI	437	6.2	9.6
CS017	cen1.1 4.00 reais SBMI	308	4.4	13.6
CS013	cen1.1 4.00 reais SBMI	219	3.1	19.2
PAPIS	cen1.1 4.00 reais SBCB	247	3.5	17.0
CS014	cen1.1 4.00 reais SBCB	216	3.1	19.4
CS017	cen1.1 4.00 reais SBCB	216	3.1	19.4

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