Development and internal structure investigation of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory

Carvalho, Lucas de Francisco; Primi, Ricardo

doi:10.1590/1678-7153.201528212

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Psychological Assessment • Psicol. Reflex. Crit. 28 (2) • Apr-Jun 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7153.201528212 copy

Development and internal structure investigation of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory

Desenvolvimento e investigação da estrutura interna do Inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade (IDCP)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

This study aimed to develop a dimensional instrument to assess personality disorders based on Millon's theoretical perspective and on DSM-IV-TR diagnoses criteria, and seek validity evidence based on internal structure and reliability indexes of the factors. In order to do that, a self-report test composed of 215 items, the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (DCPI) was developed and applied to 561 respondents aged between 18 and 90 years (M = 28,8; SD = 11.4), with 51.8% females. Exploratory factor analysis and verification of reliability were performed using Cronbach's alpha. Data provided validity evidence based on internal structure of the instrument according to the theory of Millon and DSM-IV-TR.

Test development; psychiatric disorders; psychometric properties

		Criteria
Disorder	Total	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5	C6	C7	C8	C9
Schizoid	33	9	4	3	4	6	4	3	-	-
Avoidant	46	7	6	6	10	8	5	3	-	-
Depressive	38	13	4	4	2	5	5	4	-	-
Dependent	38	9	6	5	5	3	4	3	3	-
Histrionic	42	7	7	6	5	3	6	4	4	-
Narcissistic	66	10	10	9	8	5	7	8	5	4
Antisocial	54	9	9	6	6	7	7	10	-	-
Sadistic	41	8	7	6	4	3	5	5	3	-
Compulsive	39	6	5	6	8	2	5	4	3	-
Negativistic	37	6	5	4	4	10	5	3	-	-
Masochist	40	8	5	4	4	5	3	7	4	-
Paranoid	31	8	4	5	4	3	3	4	-	-
Schizotypal	43	3	8	4	7	5	5	3	4	3
Borderline	38	8	5	4	4	4	2	3	3	5

Axis (DSM-IV-TR)	Disorders	Psychiatric Hospital (n=77)	Psychiatric Clinic (n=50)
Axis I	Mood disorders	55 (60.6%)	22 (44%)
	Drug addiction	2 (2.5%)	34 (68%)
	Anxiety disorders	29 (37.6%)	15 (30%)
	Psychotic disorders	5 (6.4%)	10 (20%)
	Other disorders	5 (6.4%)	5 (10%)
	Eating disorder	4 (5.1%)	--
	Adjustment disorder	1 (1.2%)	--
	Somatoform disorders	5 (6.4%)	--
Axis II	Dependent personality disorder	5 (6.4%)	--
	Obsessive personality disorder	17 (22%)	--
	Avoidant Personality Disorder	20 (25.9%)	--
	Borderline Personality Disorder	10 (12.9%)	1 (2%)
	Histrionic Personality Disorder	5 (6.4%)	--
	Schizoid Personality Disorder	3 (3.8%)	--
	Paranoid Personality Disorder	12 (15.5%)	--
	Narcissistic Personality Disorder	7 (9%)	--
	SOE Personality Disorder	12 (15.5%)	--
	Schizotypal personality disorder	3 (3.8%)	--

Factor	Loadings	N. of items	Eigenvalue	Explained Variance (%)	Predominance PD
1	.31-.69	57	50.4	23.4	Dependent (24.5%)
2	.30-.65	47	10.1	4.7	Sadistic (319%)
3	.30-.65	43	5.6	2.6	Borderline (30.2%)
4	.31-.64	35	5.2	2.4	Schizotypal (34.2%)
5	.30-.66	19	4.5	2	Histrionic (57.8%)
6	.30-.53	20	3.6	1.7	Paranoid (45%)
7	.30-.47	13	3.3	1.5	Narcissistic (61.5%)
8	.30-.54	10	2.6	1.2	Schizoid (50%)
9	.33-.56	9	2.6	1.2	Avoidant (44.4%)
10	.46-.61	7	2.4	1.1	Masochist (71.4%)
11	.30-.56	10	2.2	1	Compulsive (70%)
12	.32-.48	7	2.1	1	Antisocial (42.8%)

Factor	(SD)	Min.-Max.	Items	α	Examples of items
1. Dependence	1.8 (.6)	1.0-3.7	20	.92	It is common for me to let others make important decisions for me.
2. Aggressiveness	1.6 (.5)	1.0-3.8	27	.91	I tend to get violent when my wishes are not met.
3. Mood instability	2.0 (.6)	1.0-3.9	27	.94	Sometimes, I feel a great emptiness inside me.
4. Eccentricity	1.6 (.6)	1.0-3.8	20	.92	People often say I’m weird.
5. Attention Seeking	2.2 (.5)	1.0-3.8	16	.84	I can seduce people with ease.
6. Distrust	2.1 (.6)	1.0-4.0	13	.83	Others always try to hurt me, use me or cheat on me, but I’m always alert.
7. Grandiosity	1.9 (.6)	1.0-3.8	12	.86	It is natural that special people like me should receive special treatment.
8. Insulation	1.9 (.6)	1.0-3.8	11	.85	I am little interested in making friends.
9. Avoidance of Criticism	1.6 (.7)	1.0-4.0	7	.86	I try not to talk to people, as not to run the risk of being ridiculed.
10. Self-Sacrifice	2.2 (.7)	1.0-4.0	7	.85	I do everything to help others, no matter what will cost me.
11. Conscientiousness	2.5 (.5)	1.3-3.8	11	.69	Tasks should always be performed to perfection.
12. Impulsiveness	1.7 (.7)	1.0-3.8	5	.72	I don’t mind if I have to hit someone.

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