Cognitive Functions, Self-Esteem and Self-Concept of Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder

Capelatto, Iuri Victor; Lima, Ricardo Franco de; Ciasca, Sylvia Maria; Salgado-Azoni, Cíntia Alves

doi:10.1590/1678-7153.201427214

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Experimental Psychology • Psicol. Reflex. Crit. 27 (02) • 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7153.201427214 copy

Cognitive Functions, Self-Esteem and Self-Concept of Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder

Funções Cognitivas, Autoestima e Autoconceito de Crianças com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The study aimed to compare the performance of children with ADHD and children without learning and/or attention difficulties in tasks of visual attention, executive functions, self-esteem and self-concept. Participants were34 children, 17 with ADHD and 17in the control group, with a mean age of 9.92 years. For the evaluation, the following tests were used: Cancellation Test, Trail Making Test, Stroop Color Word Test, Tower of London, Children's Depression Inventory, Self-Esteem Multidimensional Scale, and Children's Self-Concept Scale. The results indicated that children with ADHD showed worse out comes in attention and executive functions evaluations, in the belief of doing things the wrong way, in feelings of guilt and in low self-esteem, both in the general result as well as in self-perception.

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder; cognition; self-esteem; self-concept; children

Variables		Groups		Total	p-value
Variables		SG	CG	Total	p-value
Gender
Male	f (%)	15 (88)	10 (59)	25(74)	.118^a
Female	f (%)	2 (12)	7 (41)	9 (26)	.118^a
Age
Mean age	M(DP)	10.42 (1.83)	9.43 (1.05)	9.92 (1.55)	.173^b
Grades
2^th - 4^th grades5^th - 7^th grades		8 (47)	8 (47)	16 (47)	1.000^a
2^th - 4^th grades5^th - 7^th grades		9 (53)	9 (53)	18 (53)	1.000^a
Total		17 (50)	17 (50)	34 (100)

Variable	Group						Sig. (p-value)
	SG		CG		Total
	Media	SD	Media	SD	Media	SD
CT-GF Time	94.59	31.00	83.71	11.98	89.15	23.80	.228
CT-GF Omission Errors	3.53	4.65	.53	1.01	2.03	3.65	.008*
CT-GF Addition Errors	.12	.49	7.71	31.52	3.91	22.28	.552
CT-LR Time	162.00	50.66	134.53	25.02	148.26	41.74	.082
CT-LR Omission Errors	8.71	5.83	2.76	4.15	5.74	5.82	.001*
CT-LR Addition Errors	.06	.24	.00	.00	.03	.17	.317
TMTA Time	65.71	27.46	51.35	12.63	58.53	22.27	.148
TMTA Errors	1.41	1.94	.06	.24	.74	1.52	< .001*

Variable	Group						Sig. (p-value)
	SG		CG		Total
	Media	SD	Media	SD	Media	SD
TMTB Time	256.76	102.06	143.65	49.89	200.21	97.74	.001**
TMTB Switching erros	3.12	3.35	.18	.53	1.65	2.80	< .001**
TMTB Sequencing erros	1.71	1.80	.24	.56	.97	1.51	.003**
SCWT-C Time	27.24	15.47	17.24	4.02	22.24	12.23	.004**
SCWT-C Errors	1.41	1.77	.18	.39	.79	1.41	.008**
SCWT-W Time	31.29	46.90	13.00	4.08	22.15	34.07	.001**
SCWT-W Errors	.59	1.00	.06	.24	.32	.77	.016*
SCWT-CW Time	55.47	30.70	35.53	9.38	45.50	24.54	.005**
SCWT-CW Errors	4.53	4.69	1.65	1.41	3.09	3.71	.021*
SCWT Interference Time	28.24	20.66	18.29	6.70	23.26	15.94	.068
SCWT Interference Errors	3.12	4.47	1.47	1.28	2.29	3.34	.248
SCWT Facilitation Time	-4.06	34.12	4.18	3.64	.06	24.26	.407
SCWT Facilitation Errors	.82	1.67	.12	.49	.47	1.26	.242
TOL	16.47	3.74	21.76	2.54	19.12	4.14	< .001**

Variable	Group						Sig. (p-value)
	SG		CG		Total
	Media	SD	Media	SD	Media	SD
CDI	7.53	6.77	5.29	3.90	6.41	5.56	.521
CDI 3 Wrong	.47	.62	.12	.49	.29	.58	.025*
CDI 8 Guilt	.59	.71	.12	.33	.35	.60	.022*

Variable	Group						Sig. (p-value)
	SG		CG		Total
	Media	SD	Media	SD	Media	SD
EACIJ Total	23.76	5.29	26.24	4.15	25.00	4.84	.162
EACIJ Personal Total	4.71	1.61	5.53	1.59	5.12	1.63	.163
EACIJ Scholar Total	4.76	1.79	5.00	1.84	4.88	1.79	.739
EACIJ Family Total	5.24	1.48	5.18	1.78	5.21	1.61	.792
EACIJ Social Total	9.06	2.88	10.53	1.70	9.79	2.45	.148
EMAE Total	214.71	34.22	245.06	19.56	229.88	31.47	.006*
EMAE Media	3.83	.61	4.38	.35	4.10	.56	.006*
EMAE Dim 1 Total	56.00	9.55	60.41	5.71	58.21	8.06	.276
EMAE Dim 1 Media	4.00	.68	4.32	.41	4.16	.58	.262
EMAE Dim 2 Total	57.88	11.65	70.94	6.87	64.41	11.51	< .001*
EMAE Dim 2 Media	3.54	.78	4.43	.43	3.99	.77	< .001*
EMAE Dim 3 Total	40.47	8.22	45.71	3.70	43.09	6.82	.052
EMAE Dim 3 Media	4.07	.80	4.57	.37	4.32	.66	.052
EMAE Dim 4 Total	39.76	7.29	45.24	5.85	42.50	7.08	.062
EMAE Dim 4 Media	3.61	.66	4.11	.53	3.86	.64	.058
EMAE Dim 5 Total	20.59	5.06	22.76	2.33	21.68	4.04	.293
EMAE Dim 5 Media	4.12	1.01	4.55	.47	4.34	.81	.293

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