Predictors of behavioral problems in adolescents: family, personal and demographic variables

Campos, Josiane Rosa; Silva, Alessandra Turini Bolsoni; Zanini, Marta Regina Gonçalves Correia; Loureiro, Sonia Regina

doi:10.1590/1413-82712019240205

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PAPERS • Psico-USF 24 (2) • Apr-Jun 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712019240205 copy

Predictors of behavioral problems in adolescents: family, personal and demographic variables

Preditores de problemas comportamentais em adolescentes: variáveis familiares, pessoais e demográficas

Predictores de problemas conductuales en adolescentes: variables familiares, personales y demográficas

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study aimed to correlate, compare and identify the family, personal and demographic variables that may predict behavioral problems in adolescents. A total of 300 adolescents participated, 230 with behavioral problems (177 girls and 53 boys; M= 14.00 years; SD=1.24) and 70 without (47 girls and 23 boys; M=14.09 years; SD=1.33). Data was collected through questionnaires and inventories completed by adolescents and analyzed using Pearson’s correlation, Student’s t-tests and multiple binary logistic regression. Results showed low self-control as a risk factor and social skills and low frequency of physical abuse and maternal neglect as protection factors. The model evaluated had a reasonable predictive power (79.9%, specificity 93.9% and sensitivity 34.3%). The findings contribute to the prevention of behavioral problems in adolescents.

Keywords:
adolescents; behavioral problems; risk factors; protection

Variables		Nonclinical Group		Clinical Group
Variables		Absolute Frequency	Relative Frequency (%)	Absolute Frequency	Relative Frequency (%)
Gender	F	47	67.1	177	77.0
Gender	M	23	32.9	53	23.0
	total n	70	100	230	100
Age	12 years	13	18.6	37	16.1
	13 years	10	14.3	41	17.8
	14 years	15	21.4	63	27.4
	15 years	22	31.4	63	27.4
	16 years	10	14.3	26	11.3
	Mean (SD)	14.09 years (1.33)		14.00 years (1.24)
Education	6^th year	6	8.6	34	14.9
	7^th year	4	5.7	17	7.5
	8^th year	18	25.7	63	27.6
	9^th year	5	7.1	15	6.6
	1^st HSE	19	27.1	67	29.6
	2^nd HSE	15	21.4	32	14.0
	A1	-	-	1	0.4
Socioeconomic Level	A2	5	7.1	13	5.7
	B1	18	25.7	57	24.8
	B2	29	41.4	101	43.9
	C1	13	18.6	44	19.1
	C2	4	5.7	14	6.1
	D	1	1.4

Variables	Scales	Groups	M	SD	t	d
Social Skills Frequency	General Score	Clinical	35.09	31.47	2.69**	0.37
	General Score	Nonclinical	47.81	35.44	2.69**
	Self control	Clinical	38.99	33.16	3.64***	0.49
	Self control	Nonclinical	55.58	34.06	3.64***
	Social Resourcefulness	Clinical	35.93	30.40	2.99**	0.39
	Social Resourcefulness	Nonclinical	48.74	34.17	2.99**
Social Skills Difficulty	General Score	Clinical	50.06	33.46	- 2.55*	-0.35
	General Score	Nonclinical	37.32	37.33	- 2.55*
	Empathy	Clinical	57.21	31.98	- 3.04**	-0.40
	Empathy	Nonclinical	43.70	34.15	- 3.04**
	Self control	Clinical	46.57	29.38	- 4.58***	-0.63
	Self control	Nonclinical	28.37	28.20	- 4.58***
	Civility	Clinical	59.87	31.43	- 3.01**	-0.42
	Civility	Nonclinical	45.65	35.51	- 3.01**
	Assertiveness	Clinical	56.39	31.78	- 2.73**	-0.38
	Assertiveness	Nonclinical	43.60	35.00	- 2.73**
	Affective approach	Clinical	44.47	29.63	- 2.00*	-0.26
	Affective approach	Nonclinical	36.25	31.65	- 2.00*
Maternal parenting practices	Positive Monitoring	Clinical	38.84	32.84	3.48**	0.47
	Positive Monitoring	Nonclinical	54.49	33.07	3.48**
	Moral Behavior	Clinical	42.58	28.41	2.41*	0.33
	Moral Behavior	Nonclinical	52.57	30.82	2.41*
	Physical Abuse	Clinical	40.59	35.35	4.40***	0.61
	Physical Abuse	Nonclinical	63.57	39.06	4.40***
	Neglect	Clinical	31.10	29.22	6.75***	0.89
	Neglect	Nonclinical	58.80	32.54	6.75***
	Relaxed Discipline	Clinical	44.52	29.69	5.70***	0.79
	Relaxed Discipline	Nonclinical	65.66	26.30	5.70***
	Inconsistent Punishment	Clinical	36.71	29.29	5.10***	0.78
	Inconsistent Punishment	Nonclinical	56.80	21.19	5.10***

	B	SE	Wald	df	p	Exp (B)	(95% CI)
	B	SE	Wald	df	p	Exp (B)	Lower	Higher
1^st Model
Independent variables
D2-Self control	0.032	0.012	6.956	1	0.008	1.032	1.008	1.057
F3-Civility	0.017	0.008	4.503	1	0.034	1.018	1.001	1.034
F6-Social resourcefulness	-0.030	0.012	6.702	1	0.010	0.970	0.948	0.993
D6-Social resourcefulness	-0.036	0.012	9.841	1	0.002	0.964	0.942	0.986
Physical Abuse	-0.014	0.006	6.198	1	0.013	0.986	0.975	0.997
Neglect	-0.023	0.008	8.607	1	0.003	0.977	0.962	0.992
Inconsistent punishment	-0.023	0.009	5.992	1	0.014	0.978	0.960	0.996
2^nd Model
Independent variables
D2-Self control	0.024	0.007	13.184	1	0.000	1.025	1.011	1.038
F6-Social resourcefulness	-0.016	0.006	7.239	1	0.007	0.984	0.973	0.996
Physical Abuse	-0.009	0.004	4.732	1	0.030	0.991	0.983	0.999
Neglect	-0.017	0.006	9.352	1	0.002	0.983	0.972	0.994

Universidade de São Francisco, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Psicologia R. Waldemar César da Silveira, 105, Vl. Cura D'Ars (SWIFT), Campinas - São Paulo, CEP 13045-510, Telefone: (19)3779-3771 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistapsico@usf.edu.br

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[1] Contato com as autoras: Josiane Rosa Campos INAC-Instituto de Análise do Comportamento de Ribeirão Preto Rua Quintino Bocaiuva, 1344, Vila Seixas Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil CEP: 14015-160