Iron supplementation for lambs experimentally infected by <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>: response to anemia and iron store in the bone marrow

Casanova, Valeska P.; Aires, Adelina R.; Collet, Silvana G.; Krause, Alexandre; Moresco, Rafael N.; Bochi, Guilherme V.; Silva, Aleksandro S.; Leal, Marta L.R.

doi:10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-5490

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Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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LIVESTOCK DISEASES • Pesq. Vet. Bras. 38 (08) • Aug 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-5490 copy

Iron supplementation for lambs experimentally infected by Haemonchus contortus: response to anemia and iron store in the bone marrow

Suplementação com ferro em cordeiros infectados experimentalmente por Haemonchus contortus: resposta a anemia e as reservas de ferro na medula óssea

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

To evaluate the effect of supplementation of iron dextran on blood variables and iron metabolism in lambs experimentally infected by Haemonchus contortus, four experimental groups were used: uninfected and non-supplemented animals (GI); infected animals supplemented with iron (GII); uninfected animals supplemented with iron (GIII); and infected non-supplemented animals (GIV). Groups II and IV received 10,000 larvae (L3) of Haemonchus contortus, and groups II and III received three doses of iron dextran (20mg/kg) intramuscularly with seven days of interval. Blood and faeces samples were collected on days 10 (D10), 17 (D17), 24 (D24), and 31 (D31), in order to determine red blood cell counts, iron metabolism, and EPG. Infected animals developed anemia from D24 and anemia was more severe on D31. Animals from GII had higher hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration compared to animals of GIV on D31. Iron stores in the bone marrow were higher in GII and GIII compared to GI and GIV. The GIV showed lower seric levels of iron on D24 compared to the other groups. The iron supplementation reduces the severity of the anemia caused by infection with Haemonchus contortus in lambs, improving erythropoietic response after blood loss.

INDEX TERMS:
Iron supplementation; lambs; Haemonchus contortus; anemia; bone marrow; helminths; sheep; clinics

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[1] *Corresponding author: martalizandra@gmail.com

Day	Group	RBC	Ht	HgB	MCV	MCHC	Reticulocytes
Day	Group	n° x 106/μl	%	g/dL	fL	%	%
D10	GI	10,65 ± 0,92^a	32,17 ± 1,14^a	12,53 ± 0,53^a	31,02 ± 2,31^a	38,95 ± 1,17^a	0,08 ± 0,03^a
	GII	11,02 ± 0,70^a	30,83 ± 1,35^a	12,23 ± 0,91^a	28,08 ± 0,82^a	39,38 ± 1,42^a	0,08 ± 0,04^a
	GIII	9,88 ± 0,23^a	30,33 ± 1,65^a	11,80 ± 0,78^a	30,63 ± 1,53^a	38,88 ± 1,55^a	0,26 ± 0,11^a
	GIV	11,66 ± 0,54^a	32,40 ± 1,33^a	12,94 ± 0,60^a	27,84 ± 1,09^a	39,94 ± 1,34^a	0,10 ± 0,05^a
D17	GI	10,38 ± 0,54^a	30,67 ± 1,05^a	11,44 ± 0,54^a	31,00 ± 0,74^a	37,25 ± 1,00^a	0,05 ± 0,05^a
	GII	9,10 ± 0,47^a	27,83 ± 0,70^a	9,58 ± 0,57^a	32,07 ± 1,59^a	34,33 ± 1,59^a	0,26 ± 0,09^a
	GIII	9,74 ± 0,51^a	30,50 ± 1,20^a	11,07 ± 0,60^a	31,45 ± 1,35^a	36,18 ± 0,79^a	0,15 ± 0,05^a
	GIV	8,88 ± 0,39^a	26,20 ± 1,59^a	9,58 ± 0,57^a	30,72 ± 1,51^a	36,54 ± 0,19^a	0,24 ± 0,09^a
D24	GI	10,18 ± 0,59^a	31,33 ± 1,12^a	11,10 ± 0,50^a	31,00 ± 1,26^a	35,08 ± 0,88^a	0,98 ± 0,17^a
	GII	6,53 ± 0,48^b	22,50 ± 1,45^b	7,63 ± 0,48^b	34,67 ± 1,33^a	33,96 ± 0,80^a	2,05 ± 0,29^a
	GIII	9,92 ± 0,30^a	29,50 ± 0,84^a	10,92 ± 0,39^a	29,85 ± 1,48^a	35,32 ± 1,25^a	1,35 ± 0,25^a
	GIV	5,89 ± 0,59^b	20,00 ± 1,38^b	6,76 ± 0,51^b	34,50 ± 1,99^a	33,80 ± 1,13^a	1,82 ± 0,51^a
D31	GI	9,66 ± 0,66^a	30,66 ± 0,55^a	10,68 ± 0,31^a	32,28 ± 1,88^a	34,78 ± 0,74^a	0,58 ± 0,22^bc
	GII	6,53 ± 0,55^b	24,00 ± 1,24^b	7,91 ± 0,50^b	37,25 ± 1,60^a	32,83 ± 0,51^ab	1,73 ± 0,63^b
	GIII	9,62 ± 0,51^a	30,50 ± 0,95^a	10,61 ± 0,40^a	31,92± 1,13^a	34,73 ± 0,33^a	0,08 ± 0,03^c
	GIV	5,00 ± 0,32^b	17,20 ± 0,37^c	5,47 ± 0,24^c	34,74 ± 1,67^a	31,70 ± 0,86^b	3,04 ± 0,52^a

Day	Group	Iron	Tf	Ft	SIT	TIBC	Medullary iron
Day	Group	μg/dL	mg/dL	μg/L	%	μg/dL	scores
D10	GI	96,5 ± 11,7^a	188,2 ± 26,8^a	4,08 ± 3,35^a	39,8 ± 6,62^a	286,8 ± 38,2^a	_
	GII	117,5 ± 26,7^a	148,9 ± 17,7^a	1,93 ± 1,53^a	54,13 ± 8,80^a	212,7 ± 25,3^a	_
	GIII	139,8 ± 23,0^a	121,7 ± 19,9^a	2,37 ± 1,89^a	90,1 ± 21,7^a	173,8 ± 28,4^a	_
	GIV	120,8 ± 8,73^a	157,5 ± 15,8^a	0,70 ± 0,23^a	55,82 ± 7,21^a	225,0 ± 22,6^a	_
D17	GI	96,3 ± 13,3^b	155,7 ± 20,3^a	0,69 ± 0,25^a	48,57 ± 9,90^a	222,5 ± 29,0^a	0,00 ± 0,00^c
	GII	153,0 ± 17,7^b	129 ± 10^ab	1,29 ± 0,89^a	87,0 ± 14,5^a	184,3±14,3^ab	4,50 ± 0,22^b
	GIII	243,5 ± 31,1^a	74 ± 10,4^b	1,78 ± 1,21^a	274,1 ± 73,9^a	105,7 ± 14,8^b	5,00 ± 0,00^a
	GIV	160,2 ± 12^ab	112,4± 23,8^ab	0,49 ± 0,09^a	179,9 ± 99,5^a	160,6 ± 34,1^ab	0,00 ± 0,00^c
D24	GI	136,5 ± 18,1^a	161,3± 20,4^ab	0,47 ± 0,04^a	60,03 ± 19,6^b	234,5 ± 26,9^a	0,50 ± 0,22^b
	GII	169,2 ± 20,1^a	99,8 ± 20,4^bc	1,53 ± 0,94^a	133,1 ± 18,1^b	142,5 ± 29,2^b	4,66 ± 0,21^a
	GIII	181,8 ± 24,9^a	35,9 ± 8,5^c	1,79 ± 1,13^a	459,2 ± 40,8^a	51,3 ± 12,3^c	5,00 ± 0,00^a
	GIV	48,6 ± 8,70^b	183,8 ± 12,1^a	3,04 ± 2,64^a	18,36 ±2,87^b	262,6 ± 17,3^a	0,00 ± 0,00^c
D31	GI	178,7 ± 32,6^a	120,1 ± 27,4^a	1,22 ± 0,67^a	147,7 ± 57,7^a	171,5 ± 39,2^a	0,33 ± 0,21^b
	GII	129,8 ± 40,9^a	144,5 ± 23,4^a	0,40 ± 0,00^a	71,9 ± 21,0^a	206,5 ± 33,4^a	5,00 ± 0,00^a
	GIII	103,4 ± 23,2^a	161,4 ± 44,8^a	0,40 ± 0,00^a	66,1 ± 22,0^a	230,6 ± 64,0^a	5,66 ± 0,21^a
	GIV	142,2 ± 20,2^a	65,4 ± 12,4^a	0,40 ± 0,00^a	185,6 ± 57,3^a	93,4 ± 17,7^a	0,00 ± 0,00^c

Days	Group	EPG
D10	G1	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GII	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GIII	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GIV	0,00 ± 0,00^a
D17	GI	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GII	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GIII	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GIV	0,00 ± 0,00^a
D24	GI	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GII	6150± 1564^a
	GIII	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GIV	5980± 1644^a
D31	GI	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GII	12967± 3893^a
	GIII	0,00 ± 0,00^a
	GIV	14140±2632^a