A origem e a intensidade das privações socioeconômicas à luz da alfabetização financeira

Ramos, Thais Borges; Galanos, Aliki Karagrigoriou; Dutra, Vanessa Rabelo; Flores, Silvia Amélia Mendonça; Oliveira, Sibele Vasconcelos de

doi:10.1590/1678-6971/eRAMF250101

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Strategic Finance • RAM, Rev. Adm. Mackenzie 26 (5) • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6971/eRAMF250101 linkcopiar

A origem e a intensidade das privações socioeconômicas à luz da alfabetização financeira

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Objetivo: A alfabetização financeira exerce influência sobre os processos de desenvolvimento e redução da pobreza, promovendo a cidadania financeira e oportunidades para que os indivíduos tenham melhores condi-ções de vida. A pesquisa buscou identificar a origem e a intensidade das privações socioeconômicas à luz da alfabetização financeira.

Originalidade/valor: O estudo tem implicações teóricas e práticas ao fornecer insights empíricos que podem auxiliar na formulação de políticas públicas com o objetivo de alfabetizar financeiramente a população.

Design/metodologia/abordagem: A pesquisa, de cunho quantitativo, foi realizada em Santana do Livramento onde foi aplicado um questionário em locais de grande circulação. As análises foram feitas aplicando técnicas de estatística descritiva, do método Alkire-Foster e de testes qui-quadrado.

Resultados: As análises reportaram uma amostra de 401 respondentes, em que 61,28% apresentaram baixos níveis de alfabetização financeira. À luz da alfabetização financeira, foram determinantes para a origem das privações os fatores gênero, estado civil, escolaridade própria e da mãe, renda mensal própria, possuir dívida e a situação de privação como um todo. Nas principais fontes das privações, destacam-se aquelas relacionadas à escolaridade dos pais e do próprio respondente, bem como a renda mensal. Por outro lado, os participantes são menos privados no que tange à falta de máquina de lavar roupas e acesso à internet.

Palavras-chave:
alfabetização financeira; privações; desenvolvimento; desigualdade; metodologia Alkire-Foster

Variable	Response	Deprivation condition	Literature for defining the cutoff line
Gender	Male	0	Brown & Graf (2013); Kadoya & Khan (2020); Lotto (2020); Lusardi et al. (2010); Lusardi & Mitchell (2011); Mottola (2013); Niehues et al. (2023); Potrich et al. (2013, 2015)
	Female	1
	Others	1
Age (in years)	Young adults (18 to 34)	1	Brown & Graf (2013); Kadoya & Khan (2020); Lotto (2020); Lusardi & Mitchell (2011); Potrich et al. (2013)
	Adult and Middle-aged (35 to 64)	0
	Elderly (more than 65)	1
Marital Status	Single	1	Brown & Graf (2013)
	Separated or Divorcee
	Widowed
	Married	0
	In a stable relationship	0
Do you have children?	No	0	Servon & Kaestner (2008)
Do you have children?	Yes	1	Servon & Kaestner (2008)
If you have children, how many?	One child	0	Servon & Kaestner (2008)
If you have children, how many?	Two or more children	1
What is the age range of your children?	Under 18	1
	Over 18	0
	It does not apply	0
Do you have any other dependents?	Yes	1	Potrich et al. (2015)
Do you have any other dependents?	No	0	Potrich et al. (2015)
Race	Yellow	1	Lusardi et al. (2010); Lusardi & Mitchell (2011); Potrich et al. (2013)
	White	0
	Indigenous	1
	Browr
	Black
	No declaration
Level of Education	Complete Elementary School	1	Brown & Graf (2013); Kadoya & Khan (2020); Karakara et al. (2022); Lotto (2020); Lusardi et al. (2010); Lusardi & Mitchell (2011); Niehues et al. (2023); Potrich et al. (2013, 2015)
	Incomplete High School
	Complete High School
	Ongoing Higher Education
	Complete Higher Education	0
	Ongoing, Incomplete, or Complete Postgraduate	0
Mother's level of education	Complete Elementary School	1	Lusardi et al. (2010)
	Incomplete High School
	Complete High School
	Ongoing Higher Education
	Complete Higher Education	0
	Ongoing, Incomplete, or Complete Postgraduate	0
Father's level of educatlor	Complete Elementary School	1	Lusardi et al. (2010)
	Incomplete High School
	Complete High School
	Ongoing Higher Education
	Complete Higher Education	0
	Ongoing, Incomplete, or Complete Postgraduate	0
Occupatior	Formal employment	0	Brown & Graf (2013); Karakara et al. (2022); Lotto (2020); Lusardi & Mitchell (2011); Potrich et al. (2013)
	Informal employment	1
	Not working	1
Owr average monthly income	Up to BRL $ 2.900	1	Potrich et al. (2013, 2015); Lotto (2020)
	Between BRL $ 2.900 and BRL $ 7.100	0
	Between BRL $ 7.100 and BRL $ 22.000
	Above BRL $ 22.000
Family average monthly income	Up to BRL $ 2.900	1	Potrich et al. (2015)
	Between BRL $ 2.900 and BRL $ 7.100	0
	Between BRL $ 7.100 and BRL $ 22.000
	Above BRL $ 22.000
Do you have ary debt?	No	0	Donadio et al. (2012); Lusardi & Tufano (2015)
Do you have ary debt?	Yes	1	Donadio et al. (2012); Lusardi & Tufano (2015)
Is your debt overdue?	No	0	Littwin (2008); Reis (2016)
Is your debt overdue?	Yes	1	Littwin (2008); Reis (2016)
How many people do you live with?	Up to three people	0	Karakara et al. (2022).
How many people do you live with?	More than three people	1	Karakara et al. (2022).
How many bedrooms are in your house?	Up to one	1	Kertenezky et al. (2011).
How many bedrooms are in your house?	More than one	0	Kertenezky et al. (2011).
Does your house have a washing machine?	No	1	Batista & De Oliveira (2022); Kertenezky et al. (2011)
Does your house have a washing machine?	Yes	0	Batista & De Oliveira (2022); Kertenezky et al. (2011)
Is the house you live in your own?	No	1	Batista & De Oliveira (2022); Kertenezky et al. (2011)
	Yes, and I am still paying	1
	Yes, and I already paic	0
Do you own a car and/or motorcycle?	No	1	Alkire & Santos (2010)
Do you own a car and/or motorcycle?	Yes	0	Alkire & Santos (2010)
Do you have access to the internet at home?	No	1	Batista & De Oliveira (2022); Pereira et al. (2020)
Do you have access to the internet at home?	Yes	0
Do you use the internet to gair more financial knowledge?	No	1
Do you use the internet to gair more financial knowledge?	Yes	0
Do you use Internet Banking?	No	1	De Souza et al. (2018)
Do you use Internet Banking?	Yes	0	De Souza et al. (2018)

Variable	Freq.	%	Financially literate		Financially Illiterate
Variable	Freq.	%	Deprived	Not deprived	Deprived	Not deprived
Gender
Female	239	50.05	26	23	160	22
Male	153	38.44	22	31	73	25
Others	6	1.51	0	0	5	1
Race
White	320	80	41	50	176	47
Brown	43	10.75	4	3	35	0
Black	33	8.25	3	1	24	2
No declaration	2	0.5	0	0	2	0
Yellow	1	0.25	0	0	1	0
Indigenous	1	0.25	0	0	1	0
Marital Status
Single	173	43.25	20	19	118	15
Married	142	35.5	14	24	73	23
In a stable relationship	46	11.5	8	10	20	6
Separated/Divorced	26	6.5	4	1	16	5
Widowed	13	3.25	2	0	11	0

	Total sample		Deprived				Not deprived
Variable	Obs	Mean	Mean	SD	Min.	Max.	Mean	SD	Min.	Max.
Attitude	390	0.50	0.53	0.17	0.2	1	0.39	0.14	0.2	0.7
Knowledge	390	0.59	0.52	0.21	0	1	0.78	0.12	0.46	1
Behaviour	390	0.59	0.51	0.17	0.2	0.97	0.81	0.13	0.48	1

Indicator	Deprivation (%)
1 - Female and others	69.04%
2 - Singles, Separated/divorced or widowed	60.67%
3 - Having children	43.93%
4 - Having more than one child	35.56%
5 - Having dependents	16.74%
6 - Non-white	26.36%
7 - Own education (from elementary school to higher education in progress)	89.96%
8 - Mother’s education (from elementary school to higher education in progress)	90.79%
9 - Father’s education (from elementary school to higher education in progress)	94.14%
10 - Informal workers or unemployec	43.10%
11 - From 18 to 34 and above 65 years old	76.99%
12 - Own income up to BRL $ 2.9 thousand	79.08%
13 - Family income up to BRL $ 2.9 thousand	42.68%
14 - Having debt	58.16%
15 - Having debt overdue	29.29%
16 - Living with more than three people	22.18%
17 - Up to one bedroom	11.30%
18 - Not having washing machine	5.02%
19 - Non-owned or non-paid-off housing	48.12%
20 - No own car or motorcycle	43.10%
21 - No internet access	3.77%
22 - Do not use internet to gain financial knowledge	58.16%
23 - Do not use Internet Banking	44.35%

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Editora Mackenzie; Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie Rua da Consolação, 896, Edifício Rev. Modesto Carvalhosa, Térreo - Coordenação da RAM, Consolação - São Paulo - SP - Brasil - cep 01302-907 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
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