ANTECEDENTS OF WORK ENGAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION PROFESSORS IN BRAZIL

MERCALI, GABRIELE D.; COSTA, SILVIA G.

doi:10.1590/1678-6971/eRAMG190081

GABRIELE D. MERCALI Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Gabriele D. Mercali at Rua Washington Luiz, 855, Centro Histórico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, CEP: 90010-460. E-mail: gabi_mercali@hotmail.com

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Gabriele D. Mercali, Department of Administrative Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); and Silvia G. Costa, Department of Administrative Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Gabriele D. Mercali is now Ph.D. Student at School of Management at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); and Silvia G. da Costa is now Professor at Department of Administrative Sciences at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS).

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-315X

SILVIA G. COSTA

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Gabriele D. Mercali, Department of Administrative Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); and Silvia G. Costa, Department of Administrative Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Gabriele D. Mercali is now Ph.D. Student at School of Management at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); and Silvia G. da Costa is now Professor at Department of Administrative Sciences at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS).

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4842-2654

Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Gabriele D. Mercali at Rua Washington Luiz, 855, Centro Histórico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, CEP: 90010-460. E-mail: gabi_mercali@hotmail.com

Gabriele D. Mercali, Department of Administrative Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); and Silvia G. Costa, Department of Administrative Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS).

Gabriele D. Mercali is now Ph.D. Student at School of Management at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); and Silvia G. da Costa is now Professor at Department of Administrative Sciences at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS).

Variables	Specifications	N (Percentage)	Mean/SD
Sex	Female	260 (51.4%)
Sex	Male	239 (47.2%)
Age			46.81 years old ±10.71
Marital Status	Single	91 (18.0%)
Marital Status	Married	340 (67.2%)
Number of Children			1.8 children ±0.76
Work Regime	Exclusive employment	300 (59.2%)
	40 hours per week	91 (18.0%)
	20 hours per week	34 (6.7%)
	Hourly rate employee	60 (11.9%)
Region of Brazil	South	248 (49.0%)
	Southeast	91 (18.0%)
	Center-West	42 (8.2%)
	Northeast	67 (13.3%)
	North	42 (8.3%)
CAPES^* * Capes standards for coordination for the improvement of higher education personnel. Broad Areas	Humanities	234 (46.2%)
	Exact, Technological and Multidisciplinary Sciences	108 (21.4%)
	Natural Sciences	133 (26.3%)

Dimension	Items	Mean	SD
Dedication	I consider my job full of meaning and purpose.	5.20	0.962
	I am enthusiastic about my work.	5.06	1.051
	My work inspires me.	5.11	1.036
	I am proud of the work I do.	5.49	0.874
	To me, my work is challenging.	5.18	0.971
	Dimension	5.21	0.829
Concentration	Time flies while I am working.	5.19	0.983
	When I am working, I forget everything around me.	4.74	1.177
	I feel happy when I am intensely involved in my work.	5.19	1.007
	I get absorbed by my work.	5.16	0.946
	I feel so excited that I let myself go when I am working.	4.73	1.191
	It is difficult to disconnect from my work.	4.28	1.492
	Dimension	4.88	0.832
Vigor	In my workplace, I feel I am full of energy.	4.61	1.044
	In my workplace, I feel strong and full of vigor.	4.77	1.083
	I feel like going to work when I get up in the morning.	4.63	1.278
	I can keep working for very long periods of times.	5.06	1.082
	I can adapt mentally to the difficult situations in my work.	4.69	1.090
	Regarding my work, I am persistent even when things do not work out.	4.87	1.037
	Dimension	4.77	0.854
Engagement	Overall mean	4.94	0.781

Dimension	Working-age range
Dimension	Percentile (18 - 28 years old)	Percentile (29-39 years old)	Percentile (Over 40 years old)
Dedication	70 and 75	65	40
Concentration	75 and 80	60	55
Vigor	40 and 45	55	40
Overall engagement	45	55	45

Demands	Institution	Mean	SD	t	p^* * p<0.05.
My job requires a lot of attention and concentration.	Public Private	5.23 5.40	0.898 0.741	-2.316	0.021
My job is physically demanding.	Public Private	3.24 3.64	1.598 1.586	-2.681	0.008
The physical conditions of my workplace (light, temperature, safety, material) are adequate for the tasks I perform.	Public Private	3.60 4.72	1.687 1.238	-8.455	0.000
I consider the pace of changes in my work to be fast.	Public Private	3.02 3.56	1.586 1.613	-3.659	0.000
I consider the implementation of changes in my work to be slow	Public Private	3.51 2.74	1.786 1.808	-4.585	0.000
I agree with the changes that are occurring in my organization.	Public Private	3.28 3.78	1.415 1.451	-3.722	0.000
I have been exposed to some type of moral or sexual harassment in the last 12 months.	Public Private	1.46 0.91	2.155 1.693	3.134	0.002
There are personal conflicts among members of my working team.	Public Private	3.08 2.39	2.129 1.981	3.508	0.000
I feel good about the organizational culture of the company where I work.	Public Private	3.32 4.17	1.759 1.532	-5.570	0.000

Resources	Institution	Mean	SD	t	p^* * p<0.05
I can count on my co-workers to help me or give me support when I need.	Public Private	3.76 4.48	1.499 1.396	-5.241	0.000
I feel my work is recognized and valued by my supervisor/superior.	Public Private	3.87 4.44	1.714 1.427	-3.970	0.000
I feel it is easy to work with my team.	Public Private	4.17 4.61	1.368 1.225	-3.615	0.000
I cooperate effectively with my working team.	Public Private	4.83 5.09	1.153 0.957	-2.670	0.008
I can deliver the work quality that is expected by people in my organization.	Public Private	4.85 5.03	1.090 0.881	-1.966	0.050
I feel recognized in my job (by co-workers, citizens, students).	Public Private	4.32 4.83	1.436 1.104	-4.419	0.000
I have all the tools (equipment, instruments, software) I need to do my job properly.	Public Private	3.32 4.44	1.604 1.468	-7.683	0.000
I am properly informed about what happens in the organization.	Public Private	3.55 3.94	1.509 1.447	-2.845	0.005
The management style in my institution is reliable.	Public Private	3.59 4.28	1.689 1.496	-4.673	0.000
In my opinion, rules and procedures in my work are applied correctly and fairly.	Public Private	3.29 3.88	1.546 1.422	-4.145	0.000
The activities as I perform are compatible with my compensation.	Public Private	3.66 4.30	1.792 1.426	-4.352	0.000
My personal values are aligned with the values of the company I work for.	Public Private	4.14 4.71	1.512 1.346	-4.212	0.000
I receive feedback (from co-workers, students, leaders) on how I perform my job.	Public Private	3.76 4.28	1.497 1.458	-3.750	0.000
I always learn new things at work.	Public Private	4.86 5.09	1.180 1.112	-2.124	0.034

[1] Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Gabriele D. Mercali at Rua Washington Luiz, 855, Centro Histórico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, CEP: 90010-460. E-mail: gabi_mercali@hotmail.com

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ANTECEDENTS OF WORK ENGAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION PROFESSORS IN BRAZIL

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